About the Tutorial

[Pages:31]About the Tutorial

JDBC API is a Java API that can access any kind of tabular data, especially data stored in a Relational Database. JDBC works with Java on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX.

Audience

This tutorial is designed for Java programmers who would like to understand the JDBC framework in detail along with its architecture and actual usage.

Prerequisites

Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a good understanding of Java programming language. As you are going to deal with RDBMS, you should have prior exposure to SQL and Database concepts.

Copyright & Disclaimer

Copyright 2015 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at contact@

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Table of Contents

About the Tutorial .....................................................................................................................................i Audience .................................................................................................................................................... i Prerequisites .............................................................................................................................................. i Copyright & Disclaimer ..............................................................................................................................i Table of Contents......................................................................................................................................ii

1. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1

What is JDBC? ...........................................................................................................................................1 Pre-Requisite ............................................................................................................................................1 JDBC Architecture .....................................................................................................................................1 Common JDBC Components......................................................................................................................2 The JDBC 4.0 Packages ..............................................................................................................................3

2. SQL SYNTAX ..........................................................................................................................4

Create Database .......................................................................................................................................4 Drop Database ..........................................................................................................................................4 Create Table..............................................................................................................................................4 Drop Table ................................................................................................................................................5 INSERT Data ..............................................................................................................................................5 SELECT Data ..............................................................................................................................................5 UPDATE Data ............................................................................................................................................6 DELETE Data..............................................................................................................................................6

3. ENVIRONMENT .....................................................................................................................8

Install Java ................................................................................................................................................8 Install Database ........................................................................................................................................8 Install Database Drivers ............................................................................................................................9

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Set Database Credential............................................................................................................................9 Create Database .......................................................................................................................................9 Create Table............................................................................................................................................10 Create Data Records ...............................................................................................................................11

4. SAMPLE CODE.....................................................................................................................12

Creating JDBC Application.......................................................................................................................12 Sample Code ...........................................................................................................................................12

5. DRIVER TYPES......................................................................................................................16

What is JDBC Driver?...............................................................................................................................16 JDBC Drivers Types..................................................................................................................................16 Which Driver should be Used? ................................................................................................................19

6. CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................................... 20

Import JDBC Packages.............................................................................................................................20 Register JDBC Driver ...............................................................................................................................20 Database URL Formulation .....................................................................................................................22 Create Connection Object .......................................................................................................................22 Closing JDBC Connections .......................................................................................................................24

7. STATEMENTS ...................................................................................................................... 25

The Statement Objects ...........................................................................................................................25 The PreparedStatement Objects .............................................................................................................29 Prepare - Example Code ..........................................................................................................................31 The CallableStatement Objects ...............................................................................................................34

8. RESULT SETS ....................................................................................................................... 40

Type of ResultSet ....................................................................................................................................40 Concurrency of ResultSet ........................................................................................................................41

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Navigating a Result Set ...........................................................................................................................41 Navigate - Example Code ........................................................................................................................43 Viewing a Result Set ...............................................................................................................................46 Viewing - Example Code..........................................................................................................................47 Updating a Result Set..............................................................................................................................51 Updating - Example Code........................................................................................................................52

9. DATA TYPES ........................................................................................................................ 58

Date & Time Data Types..........................................................................................................................60 Handling NULL Values .............................................................................................................................62

10. TRANSACTIONS ...................................................................................................................63

Commit & Rollback .................................................................................................................................63 Commit - Example Code ..........................................................................................................................64 Using Savepoints.....................................................................................................................................68 Savepoints - Example Code .....................................................................................................................69

11. EXCEPTIONS ........................................................................................................................ 74

SQLException Methods ...........................................................................................................................74

12. BATCH PROCESSING............................................................................................................78

Batching with Statement Object .............................................................................................................78 Batching - Example Code.........................................................................................................................79 Batching with PrepareStatement Object.................................................................................................83 Batching - Example Code.........................................................................................................................85

13. STORED PROCEDURE ..........................................................................................................90

Creating CallableStatement Object .........................................................................................................90 Closing CallableStatement Object: ..........................................................................................................92 JDBC SQL Escape Syntax..........................................................................................................................92

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d, t, ts Keywords .....................................................................................................................................92 escape Keyword......................................................................................................................................93 fn Keyword .............................................................................................................................................93 call Keyword ...........................................................................................................................................94 oj Keyword..............................................................................................................................................94

14. STREAMING DATA...............................................................................................................95 15. CREATE DATABASE............................................................................................................100

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................100 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................100

16. SELECT DATABASE.............................................................................................................103

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................103 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................103

17. DROP DATABASE...............................................................................................................106

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................106 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................106

18. CREATE TABLES ................................................................................................................. 109

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................109 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................109

19. DROP TABLES .................................................................................................................... 112

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................112 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................112

20. INSERT RECORDS...............................................................................................................115

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................115 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................115

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21. SELECT RECORDS .............................................................................................................. 118

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................118 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................118

22. UPDATE RECORDS.............................................................................................................121

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................121 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................121

23. DELETE RECORDS .............................................................................................................. 125

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................125 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................125

24. WHERE CLAUSE.................................................................................................................129

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................129 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................129

25. LIKE CLAUSE ...................................................................................................................... 133

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................133 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................133

26. SORTING DATA..................................................................................................................137

Required Steps......................................................................................................................................137 Sample Code .........................................................................................................................................137

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1. JDBC INTRODUCTION

What is JDBC?

JDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity, which is a standard Java API for databaseindependent connectivity between the Java programming language, and a wide range of databases. The JDBC library includes APIs for each of the tasks mentioned below that are commonly associated with database usage.

Making a connection to a database. Creating SQL or MySQL statements. Executing SQL or MySQL queries in the database. Viewing & Modifying the resulting records. Fundamentally, JDBC is a specification that provides a complete set of interfaces that allows for portable access to an underlying database. Java can be used to write different types of executables, such as: Java Applications Java Applets Java Servlets Java ServerPages (JSPs) Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs). All of these different executables are able to use a JDBC driver to access a database, and take advantage of the stored data. JDBC provides the same capabilities as ODBC, allowing Java programs to contain databaseindependent code.

Pre-Requisite

Before moving further, you need to have a good understanding of the following two subjects: Core JAVA Programming SQL or MySQL Database

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