CHAPTER 27: THE SUN-EARTH-MOON SYSTEM



CHAPTER 29: STARS

Section 29.1 The Sun

1. Identify four unique characteristics of the Sun.

[pic]

2. State three facts about each layer of the Sun’s atmosphere in the table below.

|Photosphere |Chromosphere |Corona |

|1. |1. |1. |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|2. |2. |2. |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|3. |3. |3. |

| | | |

| | | |

3. Sequence the solar activity.

_______ The cycle progresses to maximum spots.

_______ The magnetic field returns to its original polarity.

_______ The cycle starts with minimum spots.

_______ The Sun’s magnetic field reverses in polarity.

4. Analyze Figure 19.6 in your text. Make your own sketch of a cross section of the Sun. Label the following in your sketch: the core, the radioactive zone, the convective zone, radiation, convection

5. Compare continuous, emission and absorption spectra. Write each characteristic in the correct location in the diagram below.

-appears as bright lines -produced by a solid, liquid, or gas

-has no breaks in spectrum -comes from a non-compressed gas

-appears as a series of dark bands -visible light arranged by wavelength

[pic]

6. Explain solar composition by completing the sentence.

The sun consists of ___________________, about 70.4 percent by mass, and _________________, ______ percent, as well as a small amount of other ____________.

Section 29.2 Measuring Stars

1. Organize information about star clusters by completing the diagram below.

[pic]

2. Identify six basic properties that scientists use to categorize stars.

a. _____________________ d. _____________________

b. _____________________ e. _____________________

c. _____________________ f. _____________________

3. Write a review question related to the classification of stars. Then write a second review question related to wavelength shifts. Give the answer to each of your questions.

Question:________________________________________________________________

Answer: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Question:________________________________________________________________

Answer: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Analyze Table 29.2 in your text. Describe the general characteristics of stars (size, temperature, and absolute magnitude) found in different locations on the H-R diagram.

|Upper-left corner |Upper-right corner |Lower-left corner |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

Section 29.3 Stellar Evolution

1. Draw a diagram illustrating the two different life cycles a star may take based upon its mass. Include the following terms: super nova, red giant, black dwarf, super giant, protostars, nebula, white dwarf, black hole, neutron star

2. Sequence the steps in the life cycle of the Sun.

_______ converts hydrogen into helium in its core

_______ star contracts back to normal size and becomes stable

_______ As the core runs out of hydrogen and then helium, the core contracts and the

outer layers expand, cool, and become less bright.

_______ Stars are born in the nebulae.

_______ outer layers expand again and are driven off entirely leaving a planetary nebula

_______ the star becomes a red giant, the core becomes hot enough to become carbon

_______ the core becomes exposed and is a white dwarf

_______ the star loses gas from its outer layers

_______ Huge clouds of dust and gas collapse under gravitational forces, forming

protostars.

3. Compare the evolution of a massive star with the evolution of the Sun using a Venn Diagram. Write each description below in the correct place.

-begins as a nebula -loses less of its mass

-becomes a red giant once -loses much of its mass

-becomes a red giant several times -more reaction phases

-fewer reaction phases

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Emission

Continuous

Absorption

The Sun

_____________

clusters

Star clusters are

_____________

clusters

because the stars are not ______________ packed

Because the stars are densely packed into a ______________ shape.

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