ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FORMAT - World Bank
E4190
Sustainable Livelihood Project –III World Bank
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
2012
Abbreviations and Acronyms
APL Adaptable Program Loan
SLP Sustainable Livelihood Project
SLPO Sustainable Livelihood Support Office
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MIS Management Information System
IBL Innovative Budget Law
LDF Local Development Fund
PRM Pastoral Risk Management
ESMP Environmental Social Management Plan
LEWS Livestock Early Warning System
NGO Non-governmental organization
MDF Microfinance development fund
TOR Terms of References
MoF Ministry of Finance
TA Technical Assistance
FM Financial Management
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
ALAGAC Agency for Land Affairs and Geodesy and Cartography
NAMHEM National Agency for Meteorology and Environmental Monitoring
RIAH Research Institute of Animal Husbandry
GIA General Impact Assessment
Table of Content
Section A. Project description 4
Project objectives
Project components
Sustainable Livelihood Support program phases
Section B. Applicable policies and régulations 8
National safeguards policies
World Bank safeguards policies
Section C. SLP-III Environnemental and Social impact
management plan 17
Review of the SLP II Project in terms of the safeguards
Brief summary on the implementation of the environment and social management plan for SLP-II:
SLP-III Environmental and Social Management Plan
Monitoring plan
Section D. Consultation with local NGOs and project 34
affected groups
Attachements
General EIA of PRM activities requirements 40
Guidelines on environmental aspects of PRM 46
Environmental Baseline checklist for screening of
subprojects for use by soum environmental inspectors 61
TORs for Annual Environmental Audit 63
Environmental Management for Construction Activities 66
Section A. Project description
SLP-III is the third stage of the National Sustainable Livelihood Support Program (2002-2016). The Sustainable Livelihoods Program was envisaged as a three-phase Adaptable Program Loan (APL), and approved by the Government of Mongolia and the Board of the World Bank with this understanding. The objectives, basic features and duration of each phase of the APL for the SLP were set at the start of the program, and not been revised
|Table 1: Overview of SLP three-phase APL (2002-2016) |
|Phase |Objective |Basic feature |
|SLP1 |An effective approach to promoting improved, secure and sustainable |Identify and pilot processes |
|2002 - 2007 |livelihood strategies developed, demonstrated, and validated in selected |and institutional mechanisms |
| |areas, and institutional capacity created so that these strategies can be | |
| |replicated and scaled-up in phase II of the program. | |
|SLP2 |To enhance livelihood security and sustainability by scaling up institutional|Scale-up institutional |
|2007 - 2012 |mechanisms that reduce the vulnerability of rural communities throughout |mechanisms at national, aimag |
| |Mongolia. |and soum[1] levels. |
|SLP3 |To fully institutionalize appropriate mechanisms utilized in phase I and II |Fine-tune technical and |
|2013 - 2016 |to reduce the vulnerability of rural communities throughout Mongolia. |institutional innovations for |
| | |long-term sustainability |
SLP_III PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
The Project Development Objective is to support improved rural local governance and effective service provision by building capacity and institutionalizing community participation in the planning and delivery of priority improvements.
Component 1: Capacity Building
Sub-component 1.1: Good Governance Capacity Building
Soum governments in particular will be challenged to effectively manage the significant increases in governance responsibilities and investment planning and execution delegated through the IBL. Based on experience gained in SLP1 and 2, it is proposed that SLP3 will include a four-year program of capacity building, coaching and establishment of effective monitoring and evaluation systems to support all of Mongolia’s soums.
1. The objective of capacity building at soum level is twofold, touching political and administrative decentralization. Politically, the objective is to make participative processes in soums strong and functional in order to elicit citizen’s preferences and make sure that soums respond to these preferences. Administratively, the objective is to have soums with an effective, efficient, transparent, and robust financial management that is strategy-oriented, lawful and accountable at the same time. To support this, training would be delivered in the following topics:
a) Community participation
b) Budget preparation and adoption
c) Budget execution/performance/procurement
d) Municipal treasury and audit
e) Reporting/M&E and MIS/community supervision.
Sub-component 1.2: Capacity Building for Pastoral Risk Management
Under SLP2, the Pastoral Risk Management Component supported core activities with the scale up of the Livestock Early Warning System (LEWS), and the nationwide roll-out of support for pasture management and risk planning and the national operation of the Pasture Risk Management Fund. The IBL clearly puts responsibility for pasture management at the soum level. However, concerns about how much funding from LDFs would support investments in pasture management and risk management, and the extent to which these would be linked and identified in local level plans are still exist. In this regard, it will be important that under SLP3, PRM investments from the LDF are monitored well.
In addition to the PRM Fund, under SLP a number of Technical Assistance activities were supported. It is proposed that continued support would be provided under SLP3 to push forward institutional strengthening. The activities supported would provide further tools and approaches to enhance pastoral risk management at the soum and bagh level, strengthening the planning processes and herder decision making, and therefore provide guidance on the allocation of local budget (under LDF).
Sub-component 1.3: Microfinance Development:
The MDF needs to have an institutional structure that would provide it maximum flexibility to respond quickly and appropriately based on the needs of the industry. As such, the institutional transformation process that has begun should be expedited as this would guide the discussions as to what role the proposed SLP3 may have in supporting microfinance going forward. The mission strongly recommends the Government to continue with the microfinance activities supported under the SLP and would be keen for the next phase of the program to have continued support for the microfinance sector. Without an alternative, the governance structure currently in place for MDF (as a project entity) would be maintained and a clear transition roadmap established. MDF would receive technical assistance support under SLP3 targeted at:
• Supporting the transition of MDF to a non-project entity
• further strengthening of the enabling environment for rural and micro-finance;
• consumer financial education; and
• the provision of capacity building services such as training and the launch of distance learning activities in micro-finance, poverty and impact monitoring
Component 2: Good Governance Performance Grants
1. To provide incentives for soums to achieve the IBL’s good governance objectives, a performance-based grant mechanism to be financed by IDA is proposed for SLP 3. The objective of the performance-based grants would be to enhance good governance in the entire budgeting process starting with financial and policy planning, including budget preparation, budget execution, accounting, reporting, internal and external control and public scrutiny. Financing and execution of public capital investments at soum level and below is certainly an important part of the budgeting process. Taking into account the objectives of SLPO and the weightings suggested by a previous performance-based grant proposal developed by SLPO in 2011, particular importance would be given to citizen participation, alignment of soum budgets with bagh citizen priorities and citizen satisfaction with the LDF process and outcomes. Based on the soum performance monitoring system described above, all soums will be rated annually by independent experts against a set of agreed performance indicators (see Annex 3 for the preliminary list which will be refined during the preparation). Those soums meeting or exceeding agreed targets would receive 25% of the prior year’s LDF allocation as budget support in the following financial year. Each qualifying soum will be required to demonstrate pro-poor –oriented capital investment programs which are measurable and sustainable. Performance grants will be disbursed to qualifying soums through MoF State treasury systems along with LDF allocations.
2. The performance grants will, in line with the IBL objectives, be directly linked to soum governance performance. As is the case with all performance driven IDA operations (e.g. budget support), disbursements would not be linked to specific investments on the ground.
3. SLP3 would finance a TA contract for strengthening of performance monitoring in connection with a system of good governance performance-based grants. The monitoring and assessment system for performance-based grants would be implemented by SLPO with MoF. SLP3 would finance the training the Good Governance Performance Assessment and SLPO would oversee the capacity building to ensure comparability between the yardsticks used to measure performance from one to another part of the country and to ensure political neutrality.
Component 3: Project Management and Monitoring and Evaluation
The Sustainable Livelihoods Program Office would be maintained for SLP3 . The third component would support this implementation structure, financing the costs of staff, related expenditures and the M&E, procurement and FM functions.
Section B. POLICY AND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
This annex describes relevant aspects of the policy and legal framework in Mongolia and the requirements of World Bank safeguard policies.
B1 Land law
The Mongolian Land Law provides for three types of land tenure:
1. Freehold ownership: of housing plots in urban areas and cropland in rural areas.
2. Possession: of rural land for between 15-60 years, either by individuals, groups or enterprises. Possession rights may be sub-let, passed on or sold.
3. Usage rights: for a maximum period of 5 years. Usage rights may not be sub-let, passed on or sold to another party and compensation is not payable to the users if the land is requisitioned by the State. Importantly, pastureland, hayfields, forest resources, land for common tenure (such as land around watering points or salt licks) and land for special government use may not be given into possession or ownership. However there are proposals before parliament towards the end of 2006 to allow for possession contracts over pastureland. To date, usage contracts for a maximum period of 5 years have been issued to herder groups on a trial basis in several areas of the country (although not as part of SLP). Soum and bagh governors are responsible for land administration, taking into consideration customary traditions of land use, conservation requirements and a rational schedule of pasture separation for winter, spring, autumn and summer settlements and reserve rangelands. The Land Law establishes responsibility to the relevant governors to negotiate emergency access for its herders in the event of natural disasters or other emergencies requiring unforeseen livestock movements. Where an agreement between these governors cannot be reached, the case shall be resolved by a higher level governor or the cabinet. The Land Law stipulates measures to promote the rational use of seasonal pasture and hayfields and fines for breaching the regulations. Soum and district governors may allocate areas for hay cropping, companies and organizations based on proposals of Bagh or Khoroo Khurals.
The Law on Land Fees and Law on Land Acquisition are also contain provisions relevant to land administration in Mongolia.
B2 Local government
Local Government in Mongolia consists of 21 aimags, divided into 330 soums, which in turn divided into of 1,630 bags. The central body at all levels of local government is the Governor. The Governors are the representatives of the State and directly report to the respective higher-level Governors. The Governor of the aimag and city is proposed by the respective khurals and appointed by the Prime Minister.
The governor’s office in each aimag consists of the following units in addition to Governor and Vice-Governor: State Administration Department; Legal Department; Production, Trade, Agriculture and Environmental Department; Financial and Economic Policy Department; Social Policy Department. In addition, there are numerous agencies under the Governor such as Environmental and Agricultural. Environmental agencies are staffed with 4-6 persons at the aimag level, in addition to the soum-level environmental inspectors and rangers. Analogously, soum Governor’s Offices are limited to a maximum of 5 – 10 persons, such as: the Governor; Vice Governor; Head of Governor’s Office;
Social Development Officer (education, health care); Agriculture and Environmental Officer; Social Care Officer (Poverty reduction, employment and social care); Operations Officer.
Local government functions are set out in the Law on Administrative and Territorial Units and Their Governance. In addition, there are at least 29 other laws containing 280 provisions on the functions of local authorities. The aimag and soum governors receive numerous orders, guidelines, and directives from the higher level Government, line Ministries and agencies. However, the implementation of these orders and directives is often limited by the availability of financial and human resources. Local administrative staff often lack the managerial and technical capability to design and implement appropriate service delivery and local development support programs.
B3 Law on territorial and administrative unit (1992)
The Law on territorial and administrative unit prescribes the setup and function of local Government in Mongolia. Citizens’ khurals are the basic decision-making bodies at the bagh, khoroo, soum, aimag levels, as well as in the capital, Ulaan Baatar. Aimag, capital, soum and district Citizens Representatives’ Khurals are convened no less than twice per year. Bagh and khoroo khurals are convened at least three times per year. The governor sets the date for Citizens khurals and is responsible for chairing.. At the soum and regional levels, the number of citizens’ representatives in each khural ranges from 15 to 35, depending on the size of the population within the administrative area. In Ulaan Baatar, there are 40 members in the citizens’ khural. Khural members at the soum, regional and Ulaan Baatar level are elected by popular vote for a period of four years. All Mongolian citizens over 18 years of age may participate in bagh/khoroo public khurals and the meeting considered as valid if one of four bagh households and one of twenty-thirty central soum /khoroos households attended the meeting.
B4 Social Welfare Law (2005)
The Social Protection and Welfare Law regulates the types of social welfare pensions, benefits and service available to Mongolian citizens and prescribes the functions and structure of the social protection and welfare administration system. Social workers are designated at the soum and sub-regional level with the following responsibilities:
• To undertake a needs assessment of vulnerable groups and poor households and citizens(1) ;
• To identify households and citizens eligible for social welfare benefits; and
• To consult with and provide training to improve capacity of vulnerable social groups, including the poor and extremely poor.
B5 Ethnic Minority Policies
There are no specific policies, laws or regulations relating to ethnic minority development. However, all ethnic groups benefit equal constitutional rights. The Constitution of Mongolia stipulates “no person shall be discriminated on the basis of ethnic origin, language, race, age, sex, social origin and status, property, occupation and post, religion, opinion, and education.”
B6 Environmental law
General Legal Framework
Mongolia’s policies on environmental resources are underpinned by two key aspects of the constitution:
• Article 6 of Mongolia’s constitution states that the land, its groundwater, forests, water, wildlife, plants and other natural resources are public property and are protected by the state. Land other than pastures, common use land, and land for state special needs is owned by the citizens of Mongolia;
• Article 16, paragraph 2, states that citizens of Mongolia have a right to live in an ecologically clean environment and to be protected from environmental pollution and ecological imbalances. The EIA law of 1998 is the key law concerning environmental assessment in Mongolia. Other basic laws have provisions on environmental issues as summarized in the box.
B7 Environmental impact law of Mongolia
The law was amended in July, 2012 by adding paragraph 10 on the environmental auditing. Article 10 of the Law states that Government member and/or Minister of Nature and Green development authorized to approve the methodology of the environmental audit.
EIA Procedures in Mongolia
The Mongolian Law on Environmental Impact Assessment of 1998 establishes general requirements, procedures and implementing procedures of Environmental Impact Assessment. The main purpose of this law is to regulate relations to environmental impact assessment and the decision making on the implementation of projects. The law specifies that any projects or development initiatives are subject to Environmental Screening or General Environmental Impact Assessment (GEIA). The project proponent shall submit a summary and technical documentation to Ministry of Nature and Environment or to the local state administrative body in line with the criteria established in the Law. Any development projects in the agriculture sector except water reservoirs, irrigation facilities and the cultivation of virgin land are under the responsibility of aimag and soum administrative bodies.
In 2012, the Law was revised with purpose to decrease bureaucracy, obstacles and solicits of the overall environmental screening procedures by shortening list of subjects due to environmental screening. Article 3.1.1 explains a new terminology of “project” in the law which is due to any activities related to the construction and rehabilitation work. Also the law revised Article 7.3 as “GEIA is compulsory for all type of projects on the utilization of natural resources, oil and mineral resources, land possession for civil purposes and an assessment should be done by the Ministry of Nature and Green Development, local administrative body.
Anthropogenic factors are the main causes for land degradation. Loss productivity in arid regions creates the major environmental constraints for sustainable development. Many of people affected by land degradation suffer directly from shortage of food and environmental quality. Researchers and scientists made estimation that 90 per cent of Mongolia is vulnerable to desertification and land degradation. (This section is quoted from HUMAN IMPACT AND LAND DEGRADATION OF MONGOLIA O. Batkhishig - Institute Geography, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, and other interested co-authors). Total land area of Mongolia is 156.5 million ha of which 118.4 million ha (75.8%) is capable of agricultural production and pastoral livestock production. Cultivated land occupies 1.35 million ha of the total land area. Over 57% of total arable land is located in the north-central aimags (provinces) of Tov and Selenge and the northeastern aimag of Dornod.
B8 Law on the water protection
The Law of Mongolia on Water issued on 13th April, 1995 aimed to regulate the protection, effective use and restoration of water. Chapter 3 of the law regulates utilization of the water by users and Chapter 4 clarifies role and responsibities of entities and individuals in both water protection and restoration; liabilities for violations on the water.
B9 Pasture land degradation and desertification status
Overgrazing is one of main reasons of land degradation. Small increase in animal populations or changes in land-use patterns may therefore result in localized degradation. The 83.65 % of Mongolian traditional pasture vegetation cover is changed, 3,2 mln hectare of grazing land degraded, last 40 years pasture biomass decreased 2-3 times and vegetation species content significantly changed. Pasture land in the vicinity of water bodies, settlements, lakes and along livestock driving roads has severely degraded. Water resource has decreased and rivers and springs are drying due to aridity, overgrazing and centralization of settlements. Sand movement and free sand cover is becoming one of main indicator of desertification, 145 settlement area in Gobi desert, steppe region of country affected by sand problems. 90% of the territory of Mongolia can be a subject to desertification. A recent Mongolian report estimates that 1% of desertificated area is affected very severely, 3% severely, 21% moderately and 75% slightly by land degradation and desertification.
Soil erosion of arable land
From the second half of 1960ies, agricultural industry was developed as individual part of the agriculture and has satisfied all vegetable needs of Mongolia. The decrease of crop yields, felt of vegetative industry is primarily relevant to arable land erosion and degradation. The shallow soil, sparse vegetation cover, extra continental climate is additional factors for soil erosion. At the start period of agricultural industry had not paid any attention in to the soil conservation. Our research results show about 46.5 percent of total arable land was eroded, and from them 41.1 percent land has eroded moderate to severe. Mongolia has been followed a short rotation system in agriculture, which has named fallow-crop, fallow-crop-crop and it concerned to be the main cause of soil deterioration. In the past 40 years, because of changing the traditional method, which has been used land only for pastoral rangeland; agricultural land has been lost its ecological condition.
Deforestation
In Mongolia 13.2 mln hectare area covered by forest, this is 8.5 % of total territory and counting only 140 species of trees and bushes, mainly dominated coniferous and deciduous trees. Due of climate warming and human negative impacts, forest fire frequency and probability are increasing. Last 30 years forest area decreased by 1.5 mln hectare. Generally located on sloped or steep terrain, deforested areas as well as vehicle tracks are particularly subjected to water erosion. It is estimated that nationwide there are four times as many vehicle tracks as are necessary to ensure access. Forest are cut for commercial and household purposes and saxual and bushes are cut for household purposes as well.
Mining
Mining and inadequate waste management is also serious factors of land degradation. The development of strip mines, as well as the deposition of overburden spoils and tailings all degrade land resources. Ministry of Nature Environment report noticed that “only in 2009-2010 mining eroded land increased by 3984,46 hectare”.
Pollution
Soil and water pollution problem of big cities especially capital town of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar city is one of big environment problem. Domestic and industrial waste is currently deposited on the soil surface in unnecessarily large, designated dumping sites on the outskirts of cities and towns. 10730 thousand cubic meter solid waste are disposed in 487 open waste dumps each year in Mongolia causing sever health and environmental pollution
A dzud disaster an extreme winter phenomenon with temperatures as low as sometimes -50 degrees in Celsius, has often caused significant suffering and perish up to 1/3 of the livestock population in Mongolia. Bottom of Form
Cold weather happens every winter, but this Mongolian dzud is a combination of events causing a far higher rate of animal death:
• Summer droughts: These prevented many herders from stockpiling sufficient hay and fodder reserves to last their animals through the winter.
• A higher-than-usual winter snow fall: Animals couldn’t access what pastures remained and herders’ efforts to feed with their own stocks was hampered.
• Extreme cold: Snow on the ground turned to ice, making it impossible for animals to use what little pasture had been available. The animals, who already suffered from malnutrition, then became extremely vulnerable to hypothermia.
B10 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES
Natural Habitats (OP4.04). Mongolia’s pasture lands are natural habitats in the sense that they conform to the definition in OP4.04 on Natural Habitats as “land and water areas where (i) the ecosystems biological communities are formed by native plant and animal species, and (ii) human activity has not essentially modified the area’s primary ecological functions” and even though large areas are outside the formal protected area system (the primary definition of “critical natural habitats”) they can have significant national and global biodiversity value.
Section C. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
C.1. Review of the SLP II Project in terms of the safeguards.
SLP-II impact assessment concludes that:SLP-II has valid contribution in support of herders and herder households in taking concrete pastoral risk mitigation actions. All 18 soums covered in the assessment had pastoral management plans and 69% of herders were taking at least three types of risk mitigation actions. An open transparent discussion of herder’s proposals at the bagh meetings encouraged increased attendance of herders which are prioritized by themselves. There are certain behavior change observed among herders in terms of factors which degrade pastures and 54% responded that they want to reduce number of animals and will have new breeds with higher productivity. An implementation of the pasture management plan and mobilization of other funds are various from soum to soum. SLP-II financed more than 5500 initiatives to protect natural springs, to protect pastures by fencing, by building and rehabilitating wells, to increase surface water resource by building ponds and basins. Midterm impact assessment showed that 66% of herders perceives improved pasture condition by project interventions. Also, there are several lessons learnt from the SLP-II sub-projects that is an agreement with herders on the proper use of the pasture still needed to be implemented to increase herders’ responsibility and at the same time monitoring of the land degradation by related government bodies should be maintained in a regular and professional manner. SLP-II pilot project on the greezing fee is to be continued to increase a participation of herders in land management.
C2. Brief summary on the implementation of the environment and social management plan for SLP-II:
Social impacts:
| Impacts |Measures taken and achievements. Source: SLPO’s MIS and midterm impact |
| |assessment from 2010 and environmental audits from 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 |
|PRM activities may benefit better-off households to |above 85,5% of the citizens satisfied with the projects prioritization |
|a great extent |procedures at the bagh meetings. |
|Insufficient Community Participation creating risks |Gereral awareness of SLP: 91.2% of respondents were aware of SLP and 80% knew |
|that sub-projects may not reflected communities’ |about its projects implemented in their soum. |
|highest priorities | |
| |Among the survey participants, 76,8% reported that their households regularly |
| |attend their bagh meetings since 2008. Looking this percentage by Bagh |
| |representation, central bagh citizens’ participation in the bagh meetings |
| |(85,3%) was higher compared to rural bagh citizens (78%). |
|Inability to meet local contribution requirement |Local contribution consists of two parts: local government part and citizens |
| |contribution. Local government part was budgeted by the central government and|
| |the citizens contribution analysis done in 2011 by the SLPO was that average |
| |contribution for 2009-2011 years was $10-15 for average benefited family which|
| |is not big. |
|Marginalization of a particular ethnic group, the |SLPO have population based funding structures. Upon t he Indigenous policy of |
|Tsaatan |SLP_II, tsagaannuur soum of Huvsgul aimag should receive additional funding |
| |specifically support tsaadan minorities. Thus, tsagaannuur soum which have |
| |about more than 1.000 residents received same amount of funding as soums in |
| |Huvsgul aimag with about 5.000 residents. |
|Participation of Kazakh people who do not speak or | 6 project implementation manuals of SLP-II, 4 manuals for the |
|read Mongolian |participatory monitoring and evaluation designed for the ordinary citizens |
| |have been translated into kazah language and disseminated not only kazah |
| |residents of Bayan-Ulgii aimag, but to kazah minorities of Khovd soum of |
| |Khovd aimag, Nalaikjh district of Ulaanbaatar city. |
Environmental impacts:
| Impacts |Measures taken and achievements. Source: environmental audits for |
| |2009.2012.2011.2012 |
|Pastoral Risk Management may cause risk of |Project beneficiaries and stakeholders satisfy with the project implementation and |
|Increased Land Degradation owing to Increasing |find that the projects mostly have positive impacts to environment ( 2010 report) |
|Numbers or Adverse Distribution of Livestock, and |CPR developed manual for environmental screening of PRM sub-projects have |
|Effects of Land Degradation on Surface Water |environmental concerns such as sheep washing dips, wells ponds from flooding and |
|Quality |etc ( 2010) |
| |According to the Project implementation manual all PRM sub projects and some of the|
| |LIF projects/optionally, for example public bathhouse project are subject for GEIA |
| |and SLP local coordinators are acquiring this requirement. the number of aimags |
| |which follow the law and receives GEIA recommendations prior to project |
| |implementation ( 2012). |
| |Checklist for GEIA was developed by the environment consultant in 2010 |
| |disseminated and successfully used by the soum environmental inspectors (2012 |
| |environmental audit report) |
| |Capacity building of the soum environmental inspectors is needed in terms of |
| |using maps to monitor pasture utilization and degradation ( 2011) |
|Effects of Wells on Surface Water Flows | |
|Effects of Wells on | |
|Groundwater | |
|Frequency and Intensity of | |
|Flooding | |
|Impacts on | |
|Environmentally Sensitive | |
|Areas | |
|Revitalization of existing wells, renovation works | |
|on different facilities (schools, health care | |
|center), improvement of cultural centers, | |
|recreational facilities and storage facilities for | |
|animal feed and fodder may cause general | |
|construction impacts and some impacts during | |
|operations phase(e.g. management of waste and | |
|wastewater from the facilities). | |
C.3 SLP-III Environmental and Social Management Plan
Environmental Impacts. Based on the previous project, the SLP III project would have a broadly positive environmental impact. But owing to the broader geographical scope of the project and its significance in relation to policies and institutional development, the project, as similar to SLP II, carries risks of impacts on environmentally-sensitive areas, and water resources. More specifically,
The project has the potential to degrade land, biodiversity and watersheds as well as surface water and groundwater resources through the effects of land degradation, over-extraction from rehabilitated or newly-created wells, surface water capture facilities and localized pollution from sheep/goat dips. Although the impact of increased extraction of groundwater from the relatively shallow wells is probably negligible, there may be a cumulative effect of wells on groundwater recharge. Despite the focus of the project on a sustainable distribution of livestock, there is a risk that herders will seek to increase their numbers of stock. In itself, an increasing number of livestock is not a problem for the environment, but more livestock in combination with an adverse distribution of livestock would have implications for land degradation, biodiversity and watershed integrity.
Table Environmental and Social Mitigation Plan
|Environmental issues |Mitigation measures |Responsibility of Implementation of |Monitoring indicators |Budget for capacity |
| | |Mitigation Measures | |building. See table G |
| | | |See part D. Monitoring plan on the pages | |
| | | |26-27 | |
|1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |
|Environmental impact |
|Pastoral Risk Management may |General EIA of PRM plans to be carried out; |Soum environmental inspector and aimag | | |
|cause risk of Increased Land |Soum rangers to be closely involved in PRM planning; |based environmental expert |PS: annual performance assessments will be | |
|Degradation owing to Increasing|The environmental screening form/process (attached in the Annex of| |carried out by external consultants to | |
|Numbers or Adverse Distribution|the ESMP) to be followed for each of project activities; |Environmental specialist in EIA at aimag |monitor performance of the soum governor | |
|of Livestock, and Effects of | |level |office and citizens | |
|Land Degradation on Surface |Land management ( including pastureland ) plan updated annually; | | | |
|Water Quality | | | | |
| |Soum governmental agency, local community and environmental |Soum governor office |PS: monitoring of the pastureland | |
| |officer have prepared a PRM plan for each soum, taking into | |degradation will be carried out by t he | |
| |account the carrying capacity of pastoral land; | |professional state organizations as stated | |
| | | |in the “Monitoring plan” of this document | |
| |Chapter on the regulation of the quantity of animals upon the | | | |
| |carrying capacity of pastoral land is developed and implemented; | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |Activities under LDF will be in compliance with the PRM plans; | | | |
| | | | | |
| |Land officer, veterinary and pastureland officer, environmental |Consultant hired | | |
| |officers in each soum improved knowledge and skills on the | | | |
| |pastureland degradation monitoring; | | | |
| | | | | |
| |Plant bio-diversity, pastureland degradation are monitored on a | | | |
| |regular basis; | | | |
| | |Soum governor inspector | | |
| |Chapter on the Pastureland compliant and non-compliant | | | |
| |utilization by herders is developed and implemented; | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |Training consultant | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |Professional organizations | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |Technical consultant | | |
| |Soums will follow the screening form prepared under SLP II (Annex |Soum environmental inspector | | |
|Effects of Wells on Surface |of ESMP) ; | | | |
|Water Flows |General EIA of rehabilitation and construction of wells by aimag | | | |
| |level environmental inspectors; | | | |
| |Diversifying the range of investments such as surface water | | | |
| |capture facilities or wells in order to minimize the impacts on | | | |
| |water resources; | | | |
| |Environmental (soum) rangers are involved in the development of | | | |
| |the PRM plans; | | | |
| | | | | |
|Effects of Wells on |Soums will follow the prepared Environmental Screening Form; |Soum environmental inspector | | |
|Groundwater |General EIA of rehabilitation and construction of wells by aimag |Environmental officer in charge of EIA | | |
| |level environmental inspectors. |at aimag level | | |
| |Greater support to soum governors in directing the location of | | | |
| |well construction /rehabilitation | | | |
| | | | | |
|Effects of Sheep / Goat Dips on|Soums will follow the screening form prepared under SLP II (Annex |Soum environmental inspector | | |
|Surface Water Quality |of ESMP); | | | |
| |State standards followed by the veterinary officers |Soum veterinary officer | | |
| |Deactivation of the toxic wastes and land | | | |
|Frequency and Intensity of |Place greater emphasis on need to reduce land degradation in PRM |Soum governor office | | |
|Flooding |plans; | | | |
| |Involvement of soum rangers in PRM planning; | | | |
| |General EIA of surface water capture facilities to enhance flood | | | |
| |mitigation effects | | | |
| | |Environmental officer in charge of EIA | | |
| | |at aimag level | | |
|Impacts on |Each soum has prepared its maps of the location of |Soum governor office | | |
|Environmentally Sensitive |environmentally-sensitive areas (such as degraded areas, areas of | | | |
|Areas |importance for threatened wildlife, and watersheds of critical | | | |
| |importance for downstream drinking water supplies). The maps have | | | |
| |been included in the SILP II. The project will continue using | | | |
| |these maps. | | | |
| |Build on the mapping activities of the PRM component by including | | | |
| |the location of environmentally sensitive areas, and providing | | | |
| |greater support to soum governors in directing herder movements | | | |
| |and the location of well construction /rehabilitation. | | | |
| | | | | |
| |Provide national environmental institutions with a clear mandate | | | |
| |for these issues within SLP II and on the steering committee | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |General EIA of PRM plans to be carried out by Aimag environmental | | | |
| |inspectors; soum rangers to be closely involved in PRM planning | | | |
| | | | | |
| |Responsibilities clarified for each related agencies and |Government of Mongolia, Ministry of | | |
| |accountability improved |Nature and green development | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |Soum environmental inspector | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |Government of Mongolia, Ministry of | | |
| | |Nature and green development | | |
| | | | | |
|Revitalization of existing |Environmental guidelines for different typologies of investments |Soum governor office | | |
|wells, renovation works on |will be followed. | | | |
|different facilities may cause | | | | |
|general construction impacts | | | | |
|and some impacts during | | | | |
|operations phase. | | | | |
|Social impact |
|PRM activities may benefit |Open discussion of PRM activities at bagh meetings; |Soum governor office | | |
|better-off households to a |Improved information dissemination for marginalized, poor groups | | | |
|great extent | | | | |
|Insufficient Community |Ensure greater coordination between the PRM plan and LDF |Soum governor office | | |
|Participation creating risks |investments in PRM that are prioritized by herders | | | |
|that sub | | | | |
| |Build capacity of social welfare officers to carry out community | | | |
| |mobilization | | | |
| | | | | |
| |Improved information dissemination on the IBL, LDF for the | | | |
| |remote and margizalized population in the soums | | | |
|Marginalization of a particular|Specific measures are recommended, in the form of an Indigenous |Soum governor office | | |
|ethnic group, the Tsaatan |Peoples’ Plan (IPP) to enable Tsaatan to participate and benefit | | | |
| |from SLP/LDF activities. | | | |
| |Improved information dissemination on the LDF activities and | | | |
| |veterinary services for randee | | | |
|Participation of Kazakh people |SLP3 will make project information available in the Kazakh |SLPO | | |
|who do not speak or read |language | | | |
|Mongolian | | | | |
C4 Monitoring Plan
| What parameter is to be monitored?|Where |How |When |Responsibility |Estimated Budget |
| |is the parameter to be monitored? |is the parameter to be monitored/ type|is the parameter to be | |See table C7 |
| | |of monitoring equipment? |monitored-frequency of measurement or| | |
| | | |continuous? | | |
|Land degradation defined by two |1500 Monitoring sites placed all |Clipping |In between second and third ten days |ALAGAC | |
|main parameters of vegetation: |over the country | |of August once in every year | | |
|Land degradation defined by two |At least at every soum |Visual monitoring on the type and |Once in 5 years |NAMHEM | |
|main parameters of soil: | |condition of the land | | | |
|Impacts on groundwater |At least at every soum |Visual monitoring on the type and |Once a every year |‘Water” , LTD | |
| | |condition of the land | | | |
|Impacts on surface water |At least at every soum |Visual monitoring on the type and | |‘Water” , LTD | |
| | |condition of the land |Once a every year | | |
|Number of livestock |Every herder households including |Head to head counting in December. |Second to third ten days of December |Government of Mongolia, | |
| |any owner of animal in anywhere in | |in every year |Ministry of Industry and | |
| |the country. | | |Agriculture | |
C5 Capacity building activities ( Training)
| | | | |
|Names of capacity building trainings |What for the training? |Who will be attended |
|Pastureland degradation monitoring methodology |Common knowledge on the common monitoring methodology of the pastureland |Professional agencies: NAMHEM, RIAH, ALAGAC, WATER, Lt.D |
| |degradation | |
|Pastureland degradation monitoring methodology |Basic pastureland monitoring knowledge and technical skills | 3 staff from each soum : |
|operations | |Land officer, Veterinary and pastureland officer, environmental |
| | |officer |
|Pastureland compliant utilization regulations |Common knowledge on the |Key staff of the Governor’ office of each soum and aimags |
| |(1) Development of the Charter “regulation of animal quantity upon the | |
| |pasture capacity in soums” | |
| |(2) Development of the Charter “ regulatory mechanism of the compliant and | |
| |non-compliant utilization of the pasture at soum level” | |
C6 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
|# |Stakeholders |Types of activities |Responsibilities and duties |
| |Ministry of Finance | Soum LDF fund formulation and disbursement |Budgeting |
| | | |Disbursement |
| | | |Financial supervision |
| |SLPO |Support an implementation of the environmental GIA of|Monitor environmental screening of the LDF activities |
| | |LDF investments |Capacity building in the environment and social management plan |
| | | |Supervision of the implementation of environment and social management plan |
| | | |Send to the World Bank the progress report for the EMP implementation once every year(refer to Section|
| | | |H) |
| |SSTs at aimag level |Support an implementation of the environmental GIA of|Monitoring the utilization of guidelines on the GIA of LDF |
| | |LDF investments |Report to SLPO on the implementation of GIA of LDF investments at soum level |
| |Consultant (Environmental audit, APAs|Assessments , training, technical assistance |Assess to what extend environmental laws have been implemented |
| |) | |Advice on the performance improvement |
| | | |Conduct annual environmental audit |
| |Soum governor’s office |Maintenance of LDF disbursement |Information dissemination |
| | | |Management of the LDF |
| |Citizen Representative Khurals in |Supervision of LDF disbursement and implementation |Community supervision and evaluation |
| |soums | |Bagh meeting organization and decision making |
| | | |LDF approval and discussion |
| |Civil work contractors |Contractors |Implement the law |
| | | |Provide soum governor office information on the lessons learnt |
| | | |Implement Annex 5-Construction Activities Guidelines |
| |Community supervisors |Voluntary supervision |Inform on the negative impacts of LDF activities on the pasture, land degradation |
| |Soum level environmental inspectors; |Environmental screening of LDF activities |Fill the environmental checklist for all activities that is subject to environmental GIA |
| | | |Monitor environmental impact of activities in cooperation with environmental rangers |
| |Soum rangers |Information dissemination on the environmentally |Participate in the environmental screening of LDF activities |
| | |sensitive areas |Disseminate information on the environmentally sensitive areas in the soum |
| | | |Supervise environmental impact of LDF activities |
| |Aimag level environmental |GEIA of any LDF activities that is subject to |GEIA of all activities that is subject to environmental screening |
| |officer/inspectors |environmental screening and GEIA |Supervision of environmental impact of big construction and rehabilitation activities such as mining |
| |NAMHEM |Forage and plants species,climate change and |Monitoring of the pasture degradation and map utilization |
| | |forecasting | |
| |RIAH |Research, study and training on the animal husbandry |Monitoring and surveys on the animal health and quantity |
| | |and forage | |
| |ALAGAC |Land related acts and issues |land management |
| |WATER, Ld.D |Water related acts and issues |Water management and authority |
|C7 Budget for ESMP implementation capacity |
|Budget items |Estimated training budget and tech assistance costs |
| |Number per aimag |Unit cost |Number |Total cost /PHRD/ |
| | | | |265,000 USD |
| Technical assistance | | | |70,000 USD |
|Development of the monitoring system and common methodology for pasture | | | |30,000 USD |
|degradation for professional agencies | | | | |
|Development of the Charter “regulation of animal quantity upon the pasture | | | |20,000 USD |
|capacity in soums” | | | | |
|Development of the Charter “ regulatory mechanism of the compliant and | | | |20,000 USD |
|non-compliant utilization of the pasture at soum level” | | | | |
|Training consultancy |330 x3 people x 50000MTG |53000 USD |3 trainings |165,000 USD |
|Environmental audit (consultancy): | | | |30,000 USD |
|to assess implementation of the environmental laws and initial screening | | | | |
|capacity at soum level | | | | |
a) C8. Reporting Requirements
The progress report for the EMP implementation will be sent to the Bank each year by SLPO. SLPO receives information on the plan implementation in tow ways:
1) Participation information will be maintained through MIS
2) Annual Project Assessment reports will be provided
Section D.CONSULTATION WITH LOCAL NGOs AND PROJECT-AFFECTED GROUPS
• Data: 11 December, 2012.12.12
• Location: SLPO office
• Meeting schedule:
f) Introduction of the SLP-III Environmental and social management plan by M. Narantuya, M&E officer
g) Q&A on the plan
h) Suggestions to the plan
• Summary of the meeting
The meeting started with the discussion of SLP-III and its environmental and social policy and activities. Key agencies introduced its current practices in pastureland and surface and ground water monitoring based on the draft Plan activities. All participants encouraged the draft actions and raised several issues related to the Plan implementation and impact at the end. Key concerns and suggestions which is supported by others to be included in the Plan:
A.Enkh-Amgalan, CPR: Firstly, the Plan aims to decrease or eliminate negative impact of the current agricultural activities and pastoral management actions taken both by herders and officials. The reason of the low results of the measures taken towards is the lack of effective regulations that in one hand obligates herders to be responsible for the damage caused by the enormous number of animals, and on the other hand to maintain strong encouragement and discouragement measures to those herders and officials who are perform in compliance with the pastoral capacity and those who do not. Therefore, instead of waiting the pastureland law which is delayed for some reason, we need to develop a soum charter which would serve as regulatory mechanism. Secondly, the weakest part of the current practice /methodology of pastureland degradation monitoring system is that there too few monitoring sites taken for the analysis. I suggest to have no less than 2 sites for each eco-geographical zones in soums and this should be taken by all agencies. It’s a quality issue.
Tseesodoroltsoo, NAMHEM: Firstly, our main concern in the overall pastureland management is its monitoring system. Different agencies use different methodologies and therefore use different information on the impact. I suggest to develop common methodology which is applicable and user-friendly so that all organization can use it for own purposes. The common methodology can be authorized by the tri-partial agreement of Ministry of Industry and agriculture, Ministry of Nature and Green development, Ministry of Construction and Urban development. Secondly, mining is the second issue which should have clear reflection in all policy documents to be followed in the soums. Monitoring of the mining sites is very important. Thirdly, we need capacity in soums to assist pastureland monitoring system. Three key people in each soum should be potential to do basic monitoring.
Davaabaatar, ALAGAC: “pastureland management plan” terminology used in the Plan contradicts with the law which have only one terminology “land management plan”, which covers pastureland as type.
Jigjid purev, RIAH: RIAH is not authorized to do monitoring of the head of the animals and animals body condition, but we do a lot of research . As of social impact, I would stress a need to support randees body condition a because it’s the only source of living tsaatan communities.
Davaasuren, WATER, Lt.D: pastureland management plan is very important to have collective impact on the protection of pastureland from desertification and degradation. We use water management officer in each soum for the monitoring.
Attendees:
|# |Names |Organization and occupation |e-mail address |
| |Mr. A.Enkh-Amgalan |Director of Center for Policy Research, NGO |cpr@cpr.mn |
| |J.Davaabaatar |Deputy director of the Agency of Land Affairs and Geodezy |Jdvaabaatar@ |
| | |And Cartography | |
| |C.Jigjidpurev |Deputy director of Research Institute of Animal Husbandry |Jigjid2001@ |
| |D.Tseesodoroltsoo |Deputy director of National Agency of Meteorology and |Tsee_sodroltsoo@ |
| | |Hydrology Environmental Monitoring | |
| |J.Davaasuren |Deputy director of WATER, Lt.D |jdavka@ |
| |N.Erdenetsetseg |R esearcher, Eco, NGO |erdee_eco@ |
| |L.Danzansuren, Khovd aimag, Mankhan soum |Environmental inspector |98438181 |
| |Ch. Amgalan , Bulgan aimag | Environmental officer, Department of Development Policy |99717168 |
| |D.Bumanbayar, Bulgan aimag | Agricultural officer, Department of Development Policy |98115589 |
| |Ts.Lkhamjav Arkhangai aimag | Acting director, Department of Development Policy | |
| |J.Naranbold Dornogovi aimag |Director, Food and Agriculture, SME department |99053299 |
| |D.Suren, Dornogovi aimag |Director, Environmental and tourism department |99745399 |
| |O.Badarch, Umnugovi aimag |Director, Environment and tourism department |99532260 |
| |N.Byambatseren, Umnugov aimag, Nomgon soum |SLP-II coordinator |88634890 |
| |A.Khashtsetseg |Director, SLPO |a_khashka@ |
| |P.Tengis |Director, Project coordination and implementation division|tengis_purevdoo@ |
| |D.Dashkhuu |Coordinator, Pastoral risk management component |sun_dmn@ |
| |B.Magsar |Operational officer, Pastoral risk management component |slp@ |
| |M.Narantuya |M&E officer, SLPO |narantuya_mend@ |
| |Ts.Munkhnasan |Arkhangai aimag, SLP-II coordinator |arkhangai01slp@ |
| |D.Maira |Bayan-Ulgii aimag, SLP-II coordinator |bayanolgii02slp@ |
| |Ts.Maam |Bayankhongor aimag, SLP-II coordinator |bayankhongor03slp@ |
| |D. Shiirevjamts |Bulgan aimag, SLP-II coordinator |bulgan04slp@ |
| |G.Tserenbaljid |Govialtai aimag, SLP-II coordinator |govialtai05slp@ |
| |D.Purevsuren |Govsumber aimag, SLP-II coordinator |govisumber21slp@ |
| |R.Otgonjargal |Darkhan-Uul aimag, SLP-II coordinator |darkhanuul19slp@ |
| |P.Dolgorsuren |Dornogovi aimag, SLP-II coordinator |dornogovi06slp@ |
| |G.Borgil |Dornod aimag, SLP-II coordinator |dornod07slp@ |
| |O.Dolgorsuren |Dundgov aimag, SLP-II coordinator |dundgovi08slp@ |
| |J.Sukhbaatar |Zavkhan aimag, SLP-II coordinator |zavkhan09slp@ |
| |B.Gan-Erdene |Orkhon aimag, SLP-II coordinator |orkhon20slp@ |
| |T.Chuluuntsetseg |Uvurkhangai aimag, SLP-II coordinator |ovorkhangai10slp@ |
| |B.Urangoo |Umnugov aimag, SLP-II coordinator |omnogovi11slp@ |
| |A.Enkhtuul |Sukhbaatar aimag, SLP-II coordinator |sukhbaatar12slp@ |
| |B.Undrah |Selenge aimag, SLP-II coordinator |selenge13slp@ |
| |D.Shurenbat |Tuv aimag, SLP-II coordinator | tov14slp@ |
| |N.Namsrai |Uvs aimag, SLP-II coordinator | uvs15slp@ |
| |Sh.Batsukh |Khovd aimag, SLP-II coordinator |khovd16slp@ |
| |U.Bayarsaikhan |Khuvsgul aimag, SLP-II coordinator |khovsgol17slp@ |
| | | | |
| |J.Davaasuren |Khentii aimag, SLP-II coordinator |khentii18slp@ |
| |Ch.Buyanjargal |Ulaanbaatar city, SLP-II coordinator |ulaanbaatar60slp@ |
Information Disclosure.
The Plan placed in the following sites:
1. E-mail was sent to aimags coordinators to disseminate in all libraries by 20 December, 2012
2. Public libraries in Ulaanbaatar city, aimag centers, soum centers disclosed on 10 January-10 February, 2013
3. Posted on the slp.mn ;
4. Sent to PRM Working group members by e-mail
Attachment 1
Environmental impact general assessment requirements for PRM activities of the
Local Development Fund
Terminology (as stated in the Environmental impact assessment law of Mongolia, 2008)
"Environmental impact assessment” is a preliminary identification of the possible negative impact on the environment and health of the population from and during production and services provided by the individuals, entities and establishment of the measures toward decreasing its impact.
General assessment is a preliminary identification of the possible negative impact on the environment based on the legal regulations, research materials, technology and standards, norms and initial quantitative information, data at the earlier stage of the planning; is an identification of key measures to eliminate, decrease negative impact and a suggestion of proper implementation tools.
Detailed assessment is a calculation of the impact scope and size, damages caused by the activity based on the identified possible negative impacts at the stage of developing technical and economic rationale, development of the work plan and projection; an establishment of the most properly defined mitigation measures and technology to eliminate and\or decrease negative impact.
Instruction on the environmental impact general assessment of the pastural risk management activities
Pastoral risk management activities aimed at capacity building and empowerment of herder’ and rural households in the management of environmental, financial, social and other risks that negatively influence on the livelihood. These activities are focusing on the development of pasture management and risk management plans based on the broad participation of aimag, soum central administrative bodies, herders and consultants which requires local capacity in doing environmental impact general assessment .
I. Environmental impact general assessment covers:
1. Description of the activity:
-activity name;
-goal of the activity;
-row materials and other supplementary materials;
-final and middle products;
-capacity established;
-technology and equipments used
2. Location of the activity:
-aimag, soum, district, khoroo;
-geographical regions;
-geographic coordinates;
- Area occupied by the activity;
- Environmental panorama \blueprint
3. Initial environmental condition in the selected areas
- Land type;
- Specially protected area;
- Climate, athmosphere criteria;
- Surface water resource, quality, regime, pollution;
-geomorphology, land shaft ;
-geologic formation;
-hydro geologic formation, underground water resource, quality, regime, pollution;
-cryogenic condition;
-Geo-engineering condition;
-earthquake;
-soil structure, erosion, made ground, pollution;
-forest resource;
- flora species, biodiversity;
- faunae location, distribution;
-pasture, fodder area, resource;
-air pollution;
-other activities take place in the selected area
4. negative impacts -natural resource deficiency;
-substance resource deficiency;
-mineral, row materials resource deficiency;
-water resource, regime, quality change, pollution;
-forestry deficiency;
-soil break up, pollution;
-faunae resource deficiency, change of location and in distribution;
- climate change, air pollution;
- Disappearance of plant-jacket , biodiversity deficiency
5. Infrastructure development:
- Energy, power provision;
-water provision;
- Waste water removal, cleaning system;
- Waste garbage dam;
-transportation;
- post, communication means;
- Production facilities;
- Service centers /restaurants, bath, laundry /
6. Socio-economic issues;
- Workforce quantity ;
-workforce source;
- Occupational safety of workers;
-accommodation, social issues;
-population health issues;
-public health;
-the spread of inflectional desease
-sickness rate caused by job condition;
-food provision;
-increase of local income;
-increase of population income;
-increase of job vacancies;
-poverty reduction;
-demographic migration
7. Historical and cultural heritage:
- Destroyed , damaged heritage
8. Archeological and paleontological findings:
- Destroyed and damaged findings
9. Waste management:
-solid waste conservation, transportation, disposl;
-liquid waste conservation, cleaning, removal;
-waste recycling;
Special waste management:
-chemical substance importing, transporting, conservation, utilization, neutralizing, deactivation, eradication, occupational safety provision;
-A-Waste substance transportation, conservation, protection, utilization, occupational safety provision;
-Fuel and lubricants transportation, conservation, protection, fire insurance –explosive materials transportation, conservation, protection, utilization, safety regime
10. Deteriorated soil, rehabilitation:
-to flatten the surface of the deteriorated land, rehabilitation, to make good topsoil, planting, vegetating
II. Environmental impact assessment methods
Environmental impact can be caused by the location, planning, scope, technology and equipments, natural resource utilization, row materials, final product of the any activity taken by both people and entities.
The following types of the impacts are caused by the activities:
· Positive, negative, direct and indirect impact;
· Low, medium, high intensity impact;
· Appropriate, inappropriate location;
· Short term, long term, midterm, lasting impacts;
· Incomprehensive and comprehensive assessments;
· Socio-economically positive and negative impact;
· Local, regional impact;
Method selection criteria
· Easy to understand, collects necessary and systematized information for effective decision making;
· flexible enough to make changes and improvements during the assessment;
· broad information provides possibility to summarize;
· provided accurate data for better quantitative analysis of the impact;
· possibility to conclude using collected information;
· possibility to substitute lacking information;
· possibility to predict;
· special characters, features and diversities identified;
· possibility to make accurate correlations by timeframe, location, scope
· method should allow multiple comparisons and selections;
· possibility to systematize and summarize tendency, trends.
Any assessment method has strengths and shortages. Therefore, effective selection and combination of methods depending on the assessment goal, scope and timeframe is important.
Attachment 2
Environmental Impact General Assessment for Pastureland management activities(Handout for soum environmental inspectors)
Sustainable Livelihood project-III within its Pasture risk management component requires environmental impact general assessment of sub-projects by environmental expert. Aimag environmental expert is the only body who is authorized to provide general assessments on the sub-projects. This causes major problems for the country with such vast territories and where soums locates far from each other.
In order to speed up and ease up an environmental impact general assessment process, it’s necessary that soum based environmental inspectors posses some basic information, knowledge on the environmental impact general assessment. This handout is prepared by the Center for Policy Research (CPR) and aims at helping soum based environmental inspectors to prepare necessary documents and make primary statements upon the criterias of the environmental impact general assessment.
A handout provides with sample documentations that is needed for the environmental impact general assessment at soum level. Its recommended that soum environmental inspector closely work with related professionals in collecting assessment and budget information of the activity.
Registration and documentation of the activities that require environmental impact general assessment
According to the Article 2.2 of the “Methodological guideline of the Environmental Impact Assessment” enacted by the Environmental minister’s order #119 from 2006, the following documents should be submitted for review. They are:
• Location of the activity take place with the landscape panorama
• Technical and economical rational of the activity
• Pastureland management plan certified by the Citizen representative khural
• Short description of the activity
• Copy of entity certificate verified by the state
• Other related documents such bank account, staff list and etc
Soum environmental inspectors should compile the following information to be revised by the environmental expert at aimag level.
Table 1.Registration format
|Name of the aimag/ soum | |
|Activity name | |
|Received date: | |
|Activity initiated by: | |
|Short description of the project | |
|Activity localtion, address | |
1. Pond construction activity
Activity name: “Many springs” pond construction
Activity location: Khangai bagh of Tuvshruuleh soum of Arkhangai aimag. Its planned to construct the pond at the gateway with crashed stone and poor gush forth.
Picture 1. Location landscape panorama
[pic]
The goal of the activity: to improve pasture water supply in autimn, spring and summer time
Pond engineering work estimation, draft projection
The pond\ vat is the simple construction aimed at collecting water from the rain, melted snow for the purposes to improve grassland around the pasture or increase pasture water supply by building dams, basin using the small strains through berak-stones, washes and also parts to outsource the extra water[2].
The construction consists of
• Soil dam design
• Water collector design
• Water extravertion facilities design
Table 2. The technical parameters of the Pond
|№ |Criteria |Measurement |Quantity |
|1 |Water |Spring water spending |Litter/sec |0.42 |
| | |Length of the breack-stone |m |2300 |
| | |Water collecting area \square |кm2 |5.75 |
| | |Breack-stone onflow |Q25% | |1.1 |
| | | |Q15% |m3/sec |1.47 |
| | | |Q5% | |1.74 |
| | | |Q1% | |2.42 |
|2 |Water extravertion tsement facility’s length |m |30 |
|3 |Length of the |Inflow |m |233 |
| |channel | | | |
| | |Outflow | m |53 |
|4 |Pond criteriia |Range type | |soil |
| | |Length of the ridgeway |m |255 |
| | |Range slitherdown |Top | |1:4 |
| | | |Downside | |1:2 |
| | |Slitherdown set |Top | |Breack-stone |
| | | |Downside | |Surface soil |
| | |Utile volume of the basin | |m3 |7400 |
| | |Squire | |м3 |5890 |
| | |Anti-leakage facilities | | |Plastic cover |
Source of data: Geoecology institute of the Academy of Science of Mongolia. 2008
Techncal solution. The spring runs 300 m and goes into the underground. According to the professional calculations, for basin with squire of 5.75 км2 , average flood spending (1%) is Q=2.24 m3/sec. However, the method of constructing ponds by setting up barriers on the breackstones is not effective and there are observed many cases of quick damage of such constructions by flooding. Therefore its planned to build at the gate of the breackstone a cemented water extravertion with height of 1.2-1.8 m, and collect the water in the small pond by inflow channel.
Technology of constructing the Pond
• To mark projected area by locating stakes where the dam, basin and water extravertion facilities is locate
• To remove surface soil of the construction area for building dam, basin and water extravertion facilities
• To dig a channel in front of the base of the dam till the layer in the ground beyond which the steeping is not possible
• Place in the channel ceramic breaks by layer and compact them
• To put soil into the dam by layers of 20 sm, compact
• To dig a channel for the water extravertion facilities according to the plan
• To put rocks into the channel for the water extravertion facilities by the dam’s slitherdown.
• To dig and level as required the base of the dam in case of the danger of leaking
• To make10sm sand layer in the digged area
• Then put on that a synthetic cover and once more time make a sand layer and put another layer of 10 sm of fine gravel and finally level it.
Table 3. The scope of work
|Хийх ажил |Тоо хэмжээ |Тайлбар |
|To remove the plant surface soil |13.6 м3 |Hand work |
|To dig soil level –II |44.0/8.0 м3 |Excavator\ hand work |
|To prepare sand reservation\layer |5.3 м3 |Hand work |
|To assemble concrete blocks ЗХГ-60х60х120 |30/25.92 ш/м3 |Crane \hand work |
|To join the blocks by hardware |41.0 кг |welding/hand work |
|To paint by bitumen the part which goes underground |15.0 м2 |Hand work |
|To yird |26.0 м2 |Hand work |
|To stonework using mortar |18.6 м3 |Hand work |
Source of data: Geoecology institute of the Academy of Science of Mongolia. 2008
Construction work budget
The general budget based on the following legal regulations. They are:
• Construction work budget estimation guideline [БНбДIV-81-2-98] approved by Order #200 of the Infrastructure Minister of Mongolia in 2008.
• Construction worker’ wage-rate approved by attachment A of the Order # 210 of the Infrastructure Minister of Mongolia in 2007
• Machinery service validation regulations approved by order 316 of the Infrastructure Minister in 2002.
• Cargo carrier service validation regulations approvd by order 147 of the Road, Trasnportation, Tourism Minister from 2005.
• Plot validation regulations approved by order 97 of the Infrastructure Minister of Mongolia in 1999.
• Price desk journal
Table 4 General projection of the pond constructions (sample)
|№ | Expenditure items |Тechnology structure |Total |
| | |Construction work |Other expenditure | |
| |Main construction | | | |
|1 |Water extravertion facilities |4483295 | |4483295 |
|2 |Inflow and extravertion channels |15193403 | |15193403 |
|3 |Soil gate |28802687 | |28802687 |
|4 |Monitoring expenditure of the | |895435 |895435 |
| |Other expenses | |87263 | |
|5 |Standard fund | | |87263 |
| | | | | |
|6 |Plot, exploration expenditure documentation | |7500000 |7500000 |
| |development cost | | | |
|7 |Contingency | |1139242 |1139242 |
|8 |Value source | |4847939 |4847939 |
|9 |Expenses related with the blueprinting | |483337 |483337 |
| |Total investment |48479385 |14953215 |63432600 |
Source of data: Geoecology institute of the Academy of Science of Mongolia. 2008
Table 5. Short description of the water collecting pond construction avtivity (sample)
|1 |Name of the activity |“Many springs” pond construction activity of the Khangai bagh of |
| | |Tuvshruuleh soum of Arkhangai aimag |
|2 |The goal |improve pasture water supply in autimn, spring and summer time |
|3 |Row materials and other supply |Soil pond dipping |
| | |Puddle 9100 м3, water 1211 м3, sand 294 м3, stone 540 м3, |
| | |synthetic cover 3217 м2 |
| | |Cemented water extravertion facility |
| | |Sand 5 м3, ус 0.5 м3, stone 19 м3, girder 30 ш, cement solution 7,2|
| | |м3, hardware 41 кг, electrode 1.5 кг, asphalt 34.5 кг |
| | |Inflow and outflow channel |
| | |sand 64 м3, water 97 м3, nail 62 кг, balk 1 м3 |
|4 |Final product |pond |
|5 |Pond capacity |Volume of the pond is 6950 м3. |
| | |Spring season- 2500 goat and sheep, 800 horse, camels, cows |
|6 |Technical capacity of the activity |Process |
| | |Removing the surface soil of the area of 13.6 м3 by hand work |
| | |Soil digging of the area of 44.0/8.0 м3 by crane and/or hand work |
| | |Send cover of the areas of 5.3 м3 by hand |
| | |Cemented blocks assembling: quantity is 30 ; areas is 25.92 м3 by |
| | |crane and/or hand work |
| | |Assemble blocks by hardware: 41 кg cold weld |
| | |Painting by bitumen the part of the cemented blocks which goes |
| | |underground |
| | |To dig-in area 26.0 м3 by hand work |
| | |Masonry with cemented solution of the area of 18.6 м3 |
| | |Equipments |
| | |Excavator, autocrane, bulldozer, small size soil compactor, roller, |
| | |cement-mixer, welding apparatus, vibrator |
|7 |Location of the activity (aimag, soum,district, |Environmental panorama is attached |
| |khoroo, environmental panorama) | |
|8 |Infrastructure development |Tuvshruuleh soum of Arkhangai aimag is on e of the remote soums, |
| | |with poor infrastructure developments |
|9 |Construction deadline and time |3 months |
|10 |Occupied area by activity |5.7 км2 |
|11 |Implementing agency |Tuvshruuleh soum, Khangai bagh |
|12 |Land type |Pastureland |
|13 |Specially protected area |The areas is not subject to the special protection |
|14 | Climate criteria |The weather in tuvshruuleh soum is changeable, dry air, low rainfall|
| | |so that average is 176 мм. . Temperature in the air between + |
| | |16.50С, - 33.50С. байдаг. |
|15 |Surface and ground water resource and its quality |The water spending of the “Many springs” spring is 0.42 L/sec. |
| | |Length is 2.3 км, water collecting area -75 км2. |
|16 |Soil |The area belongs to the mountainours and fertile pastures in the |
| | |Khanui-Orkhon area with blackearth, brownearth. |
|17 |Geological formation |Occasional upper permian and lower Triassic intrusive rocks. |
| | |Cretaceous deposits dominate in water ways, river valleys and lower |
| | |mountains. |
|18 |Flora species |Vegetation types of festuca-forb, mountain steppe small |
| | |grass-festuca-stipa prevail in the project area |
|19 |Faunae location, distribution |Mammals such as wild pig, deer, wolf; birds such as: crow, turkey, |
| | |bobwhite |
|20 |Solid waste collecting, cleaning, removing method |Special container bags will be used to remove solid waste from the |
| | |construction of the pond |
|21 |Historical and cultural heritage |Not found by expeditary survey |
|22 |Investment |63432600 төгрөг |
|23 |Production expendityre |Construction expenditure 48479385 MTG |
| | |Plot, exploration expenditure 7500000 MTG |
|24 |Workforce |15 people |
|25 |Occupational safety issues |Helmets, rubber, gloves will be provided. |
|26 |Workforce source |Soum citizens |
|27 |Income generation effect |Local citizens will have temporary increased income |
|28 |Workplace increase |Contracted citizens wil |
Source of data: Geoecology institute of the Academy of Science of Mongolia. 2008
Recommendation for the soum environmental inspector:
• To cooperate with the professional organization in the construction technology and projection of the pond construction expenditure
• To consult with herders
• To mobilize local fund sources
• To consult with land officer on the area for construction
• To contract with blueprint and plot developers
• To introduce plot, technical description, budget and scope of work to the soum governor and land officer
• To send pond construction related documents for the environmental impact general assessment to aimag –based environmental officer
2. Well digging activity
Activity name: Well digging by “Tsaidam” herder group
Activity location: Byanbogd bagh of Ulaanbadrakh soum of Dornogovi aimag
The goal: to improve water provision for herder group’s
Implementation steps
1. Selecting the area for activity
Area should be carefully selected in place which is out of danger of flooding and appropriate for construction
2. Preparation of the materials for construction
The following materials should be prepared
• Stone 19 м3, crashed stone 3.8 м3 ( to be transported from the nearest places)
• Beam 8 ec, board 3 ec, cement 300 kg, nail 3 kg, fuel 150 litter
• Shovel, hack, crowbar, trolley, power saw, ax, rope, vessel, suction pump
(capacity of 0.2 litter/sec, Honda ), truck
3. Well digging and fencing
1. Deepness of the well is 5 m, diameter is 6m
2. Digging upon the soil condition and type using digger by terracing from the distance
3. Digged soil should be transported in 10-20 m away from the activity area
4. The watered cleavage fenced by 30 sm thick stone wall
5. Geological part fenced by stone wall
6. The bottom of the well cleaned up and lay down 20-30 sm thick crashed stone cover.
7. Space between an inflow area and fenced geological part should be filled up by crashed stone to protect a spring gush forth
8. To keep water clean, the underground construction should be covered by 1.0 m deep and 70 sm thick muddy cover
9. On the top of the well to make headrest of 70 sm of height and wooden lid
10. The headrest should be warmed soil, stone and crashed stone compacted[3]
Occupational safety
• Helmet, dust-cloak provided
• Improved knowledge on the occupational safety to all workers
• Regular checkind of the any crashed areas on the well surface
• Regular checking of the inflow of the bailed water back and make protection
• Water and soil lifting rope should be checked and changed by steady one on a regular basis
• Avoid disinformation
• Avoid locate bailing equipments in the well and on the windside[4].
Table 6 Budget of the well digging activity
|Expenditure items |Total |
|Materials |200000 |
|Equipments |150000 |
|Compensation |200000 |
|Fuel |150000 |
|total |700000 |
Table 7 Short description of the well digging activity
|1 |Name of the activity |“Tsevuun valley” well digging activity by Tsaidam herder group |
|2 |The goal |To provide with water source the herder groups’ pasture, animals |
|3 |Row materials and other supply |Stone 19 м3, crashed stone 3.8 м3, beam 8 ec, balk 3 ec, cement 300 |
| | |kg, nail 3 kg, fuel 150 litter |
|4 |The product of the activity |Pasture well |
|5 |Well capacity |500 sheeps daily |
|6 |Equipments and technology |Construction method |
| | | |
| | |Upon the finalization of the location of the activity, contracting |
| | |workforce and preparing all materials and equipments for the |
| | |construction work, the digiing of the well should start with the 2-3m |
| | |diameter hole by terracing from the distanc. |
| | | |
| | |Upon the water appears on the face of the bottom of the digged hole, the|
| | |well digged more 1 meter deeper to provide enougth gush forth and to |
| | |protect leaking and pollution space between an inflow area and fenced |
| | |geological part filled up by crashed stone; х On the top of the well to|
| | |make headrest of 70 sm of height |
| | |Equipment |
| | |Shovel, hack, crowbar, trolley, power saw, ax, rope, vessel, suction |
| | |pump, truck |
|7 |Location of the activity (aimag, soum,district,|Environmental panorama is attached |
| |khoroo, environmental panorama) | |
|8 |Infrastructure development |Byanbogd bagh of Ulaanbadrakh soum of Dornogovi aimag is on e of the |
| | |remote soums, with poor infrastructure developments |
|9 |Construction deadline |15 days |
|10 |Construction size |36 м2 |
|11 |Implementer |Tsaidam herder group |
|12 |Land type |Pasture |
|13 |Specially protected area |The areas is not subject to the special protection |
|14 | Climate criteria |The weather in ulaanbadrakh soum is changeable, dry air, low rainfall so|
| | |that average is 116.7 mm. Temperature in the air between + 40.80С, - |
| | |41.80С. байдаг. |
|15 |Surface and ground water resource and its |Mineralization of underground water is 100 lmg/litter; solidity - |
| |quality |60.05mg/litter; pH 8.3l; fluoride- 5.4 mg/litter |
|16 |Soil |Selected area belongs to the gobi desert geo-ecological area of |
| | |Mongolia. It’s belongs to great lakes chain of Dornogovi part. There are|
| | |waste light brown soil is prevailing. |
|17 |Geological formation |Lower cambrian depostis prevail in steppes and valleys. |
|18 |Flora species |Field plants are dominated in the desert. |
|19 |Faunae location, distribution |Mammals: wolf, fox, steppe fox; birds: hazel hen, crow, vulture; rare |
| | |animals: goitered gazelle |
|20 |Solid waste collecting, cleaning, removing |Solid waste will be located separately and later removed. |
| |method | |
|21 |Historical and cultural heritage |In 30 km away from Sacrified mountain Byanbogd |
|22 |Investment |700000 MTG |
|23 |Production expenditure |Materials- 200000 MTG |
| | |Equipment - 150000 MTG |
| | |Fuel- 150000 MTG |
| | |Compensation - 200000 MTG |
|24 |Total income |Annual income of benefiting herder households is 8000000 MTG |
|25 |Number of workers |8 |
|26 |Occupational safety |Helmets, rubber, gloves will be provided. Hired those people who are |
| | |experienced in the field of well construction to avoid accidents. |
|27 |Workforce source |Herder groups and 2 contractors . |
|28 |Population income generation |Income increased for 2 contractors. |
|29 |Ажлын байр нэмэгдэх |Temporary jobs provided for 2 contractors |
3. Fodder cultivation ctivity
Name of the activity: Purple medic in Uush valley
Location of the activity: Uush river in biger soum of Govi-altai aimag
Тhe goal: to improve fodder provision for herders
Хэрэгжүүлэх үйл ажиллагаа
• To level the surface
• To rehabilitate 800 m long old channel
• To prepare materials for fencing and protection
• To cultivate medic in 15 hegtar field
• To harvest 10-20 tonn medic from the field
Table 8 Budget
|Items |Total budget (MTG) |
|Materials |6440000 |
|Compensation |1420000 |
|Тransportation |276000 |
|equipments |1862000 |
|total |9998000 |
Table 9 Purple medic cultivation activity description
|1 |Name of the activity |Purple medic caltivation in Uush valley |
|2 |The goal of the activity |To improve fodder provision to herders |
|3 |Row materials and other supply |Timber for stake -1600 ec, wire -2000 kg, nail- 40 кg, |
| | |cement-500 кg |
|4 |Final product |Fodder for animals |
|5 |Capacity \production |10-20 tonn medic |
|6 |Technology and equipments |Digger plough, seeder, mower, hayrake, tractor |
|7 |Location of the activity (aimag, soum, district, khoroo, |Bagh #4 of Biger soum of Govi-altai aimag |
| |environmental panorama) | |
|8 |Infrastructure development |Poor infrastructure |
|9 |Activity duration and deadline |2009.08.01-2012 |
|10 |Area occupied by activity |15 hegtar |
|11 |Implementing body |“Coming” cooperative |
|12 |Land type |Arable land |
|13 |Protected area |Not belongs to this category |
|14 | Climate criteria |Difference in the temperature in winter and summer |
| | |seasons is high; dry air. Average rainfall is – 100 mm |
| | |and average temperature is -20С. |
|15 |Surface and ground water resource and its quality |Mineralization of underground water is 100 lmg/litter; |
| | |solidity - 60.05mg/litter; pH 8.3l; fluoride- 5.4 |
| | |mg/litter |
|16 |Soil |Selected area belongs to the gobi desert geo-ecological |
| | |area of Mongolia. There are waste light brown soil is |
| | |prevailing. |
|17 |Geological formation |Lower cambrian depostis prevail in steppes and valleys. |
|18 |Flora species |Field plants are dominated in the desert. |
|19 |Faunae location, distribution |In nearest mountains live wild sheep, wild goat |
|20 |Solid waste collecting, cleaning, removing method |Waste garbage separated in special location and |
| | |removed. |
|21 |Investment |9998000 MTG |
|22 |Production expenditure |Materials - 1420000 MTG |
| | |Compensation - 1420000 MTG |
| | |Тransportation- 276000 MTG |
| | |Equipment -1862000 MTG |
|23 |Number of workers |15 |
|27 |Workforce source |Herder group members |
|28 |Income increase |Income from the selling the fodder |
|29 |Jobs provided |15 people provided by temporary jobs |
5. Dip construction
Activity name: Large cattle dip
Location of the activity: bagh #2 of Darkhan soum of Darkhan-Uul aimag
The goal: to prevent animals from parasites
Implementation method
-
• To separate cattle for washing in dips
• To prepare chemical solution (Ecotraz -250)
• To wash by aerosolizing (automax with volume of 12 litter )
Table 10 Budget
|Items |Total budget (MTG) |
|Drug substance (Ecotraz -250 ) |260000 |
|Compensation |280000 |
|Fuel |6600 |
|Total |646600 |
Table 11 Large cattle dip activity short description
|1 |Activity name |To wash large cattle in dip |
|2 |The goal |To prevent animals from parasites |
|3 |Row materials and other supply |Экотраз-250 drug solution- 10 lititer; water - 1000 |
| | |litter |
|4 |Final product |Dip facilities |
|5 |Capacity |100 cattle |
|6 |Technology and equipments |To aerosolize by automax |
|7 |Location of the activity (aimag,soum, district, khoroo, |Bagh #2 of Darkhan soum of Darkhan-Uul aimag |
| |environmental panorama) | |
|8 |Infrastructure development |Darkhan soum connected to the power central station, |
| | |central water provision system |
|9 |Implementation duration and deadline |2 months |
|10 |Occupied territory |500 м2 |
|11 |Implementing body |Darkhan soum veterinary service |
|12 |Land type |pasture |
|13 |Specially protected area |Not belong |
|14 |Climate criteria |Difference in the temperature in winter and summer |
| | |seasons is high; dry air. Average rainfall is – 340 |
| | |mm and average temperature is -0.90С; |
|15 |Surface and ground water resource and its quality |The water from the nearest water spring: mineral |
| | |solution range between 160-490 mg/litter; underground |
| | |water: mineral solutions range around 88 mg/litter, |
| | |solidity - 1.05 mg/litter, pH 6.7 |
|16 |Soil |The area belongs to the mountainours and fertile |
| | |pastures in the Khanui-Orkhon area with blackearth, |
| | |brownearth. . |
|17 |Geological formation |Lower cambrian depostis prevail. |
|18 |Flora species |Vegetation types of festuca-forb, mountain steppe |
| | |small grass-festuca-stipa prevail in the project area|
|19 |Faunae location, distribution |Around the winter livelihood there are wolf, deer, |
| | |wild pig as well as crow, vulture and bobwhite |
|20 |Solid waste collecting, cleaning, removing method |- |
|21 |Investment |646600 MTG |
|22 |Production expenditure |Drug solution 260000 MTG |
| | |Fuel 6600 MTG |
| | |Compensation 280000 MTG |
|23 |Workforce |5 people |
|24 |Occupational safety |Rubber,gloves will be provided. Workers consulted. |
|27 |Workforce source |Soum citizen |
|28 |Population income |Temporary income increase |
|29 |Jobs provided |Temporary jobs provided |
7. Natural spring protection
Activity name: protection of “Steppe” spring
Location of the spring: “Rich grove” bagh of Bugat soum of Bulgan aimag
The goal: to protect drinking water source from pollution
Implementation steps
• To prepare construction materials for the activity
• To clean spring area
• To build a fence
Table 12 Total budget
|Items |Total budget (MTG) |
|Construction materials |200000 |
|Compensation |100000 |
|fuel |150000 |
|total |450000 |
Table 13 short description of the spring protection activity
|1 |Name of the activity |Protection of “steppe” spring |
|2 |Goal of the activity |To prevent drinking water source from pollution |
|3 |Row materials and other supply |Timber -30 ec, nail- 5 kg |
|4 |Final product |Protection fence |
|5 |Capacity |10 households use the spring |
|6 |Technology and equipments |Construction method |
| | |To clean spring area |
| | |To dig holes for the stake and construct the fence |
| | |Equipments |
| | |Rake, hack, crowbar, slage-hammer, power saw, ax, bucket, |
| | |track |
|7 |Location of the activity (aimag,soum, district, khoroo, |Attached |
| |environmental panorama) | |
|8 |Infrastructure development |Remote bagh, with poor infrastructure |
|9 |Implementation duration and deadline |5 days |
|10 |Occupied territory |25 м2 |
|11 |Implementing body |“Rich grove” bagh herder group |
|12 |Land type |Pastureland |
|13 |Specially protected area |Not belong |
|14 |Climate criteria |Difference in the temperature in winter and summer seasons |
| | |is high; dry air. Average rainfall is – 320 mm and average |
| | |temperature is -0.80С; |
|15 |Surface and ground water resource and its quality |The water from the nearest water spring: mineral solution |
| | |range between 160-490 mg/litter; underground water: mineral |
| | |solutions range around 88 mg/litter, solidity - 1.05 |
| | |mg/litter, pH 6.7 |
|16 |Soil |The area belongs to the mountainours and fertile pastures in|
| | |the Khanui-Orkhon area with blackearth, brownearth. |
|17 |Geological formation |Occasional upper permian and lower Triassic intrusive rocks.|
| | |Cretaceous deposits dominate in water ways, river valleys |
| | |and lower mountains. |
|18 |Flora species |Vegetation types of festuca-forb, mountain steppe small |
| | |grass-festuca-stipa prevail in the project area |
|19 |Faunae location, distribution |Mammals: wild pig, deer, wolf; birds; crow, vulture; |
| | |bobwhite |
|20 |Solid waste collecting, cleaning, removing method |Waste garbage will be put in bag and removed |
|21 |Investment |450000 MTG |
|22 |Production expenditure |Construction materials- 200000 MTG |
| | |Fuel -150000 MTG |
| | |Compensation- 100000 MTG |
|23 |Number of people employed |5 |
|24 |Occupational safety |Helmets, rubber, gloves will be provided. Hired those |
| | |people who are experienced in the field of well construction|
| | |to avoid accidents. |
|27 |Workforce source |Herder group members |
|28 |Population income |Temporary increase of households income |
|29 |Job provision |Temporary jobs provided |
Attachment 3
Checklist for Environmental Screening
Name of the activity: _____________________________________________
Location of the activity
Geographical position: : /at the project location must be measured by GPS and indicated. Photo should be taken/
|Questions |Yes |No |Remarks |
| |
|Is a project location within the special protected area border? |
|Strict zone | | | |
| Protection zone | | | |
| Limited zone | | | |
|Buffer zone | | | |
|IS PROJECT ACTIVITY COULD BE ALLOWED ACCORDING RULE OF THE ZONE? | | | |
| |
|Is a project location within the local special protected area border? |
| Protection zone | | | |
|Buffer zone | | | |
|Is project activity could be allowed according rule of THE zone? | | | |
| |
|Is project location in the environmentally sensitive area? |
|Forest protection zone | | | |
|Watershed protection zone | | | |
|Wetland | | | |
|Habitat of endangered species | | | |
|Migration route of birds | | | |
|Historical monument (within in 5 km) | | | |
|Is project activity could be allowed according rule of THE zone? | | | |
| |
|Is project location in the environmentally high degraded, polluted or high risky area? |
|Naturally high risk location for epidemic diseases | | | |
|Location polluted chemical substances | | | |
|Landfill area | | | |
|Natural disaster high risk location | | | |
|Flood risk location | | | |
|Subsoil movement high risk location | | | |
|Habitat of dangerous species | | | |
|Highly destroyed area (desertification, land degradation) | | | |
|Is project activity could be allowed according rule of THE zone? | | | |
_______________________________/Name/
Applicant signature, ID stamp
Date: ______________________
Attachment 4
MONGOLIA
SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS PROJECT II
Annual Environmental Audit
Terms of Reference
Project Background
The Government of Mongolia has begun the second phase of the Sustainable Livelihoods Program, financed by the World Bank, the European Community and the Japanese Government. The SLPIII project development objective is to institutionalize approaches validated under the second phase of the SLP for achieving secure and sustainable livelihoods of poor households and individuals nationwide. This would involve both scaling-up of the successful innovations, and the continued testing of new approaches to improve sustainability. In this way the basis for the nationwide implementation of IBL will be established which would be to consolidate and fine-tune the technical and institutional innovations for long-term sustainability.
Environmental audits for 2010,2011,2012 were carried out and key recommendations are being implemented throughout SLP II. Environmental and Social Management Plan for SLP-III was developed.
Objectives of this assignment
The purpose of this assignment is to carry out an environmental audit of the SLP III. This should meet the requirements of the Government of Mongolia for an environmental audit. Specifically it will address:
• Adherence of the implementation of the LDF to the provisions and measures set out in the guideline and the issues identified in the Environment Assessment;
• Indications of impact of the Pastoral Risk management LDF activities on improved, or degrading, pastureland in Mongolia;
• Environmental management activities of the aimag and soum environmental inspectors in relation to the LDF.
Scope of Work
The TOR covers activities to be carried out in 2013.
The activities that will need to be carried out to meet the above objectives include, but are not limited to, the following:
• Interview a representative sample of environmental inspectors and rangers at aimag and soum levels to ascertain their level of involvement in SLP II activity planning, and their concerns (if any) regarding the implementation of the project. In addition, compile and analyze information from aimag environmental inspectors’ reports on the LDF.
• Ascertain whether all measures have been taken by Soum governor office in order to adequately fulfill the requirements of Mongolian environmental impact assessment legislation.
• Interview stakeholders at a national level, particularly Ministry of Nature and Green development, Environment officers and SSIA officers to determine what their involvement in LDF activities has been, especially in relation to the activities of the inter-ministerial group pastureland management. Identify their concerns, if any, regarding the implementation of the project.
• Based on information provided by aimag environmental inspectors, identify the individual and cumulative negative and positive environmental impacts ofLDF investments, and identify the mitigation measures that are being used to manage them. Particular attention should be given to the impacts of any well developments on grasslands, and assess these in the context of ‘natural habitats’ sensu the Bank’s OP4.04 on Natural Habitats.
• Identify any constraints to the implementation of the measures and procedures set out in the Environmental and Social Management Plan from December, 2012. These constraints may be financial or related to capacity or skills.
• Identify practical measures that can be taken to relieve these constraints, in discussion with SLP III managers and Ministry of Nature and Green development and draw up an action plan for agreement by SLPO and Ministry of Nature andGreen Development, with World Bank approval, to implement these measures.
• Propose options for the amendment of environmental screening and reporting measures (set out in the project Environmental Assessment), based on ongoing experience of SLP.
Expected Outputs and Deliverables
The output of the consultancy will be an environmental audit report that presents the findings and outlines recommended proposals for each of the issues identified in the above scope of work. The report may draw upon, but not be restricted to, the guidelines provided by Ministry of Nature and Green Development for the content of environmental audit reports. All such reports are required in English and Mongolian.
Timetable and Reporting
The assignment timeline:
Methodology and assessment tools agreed with SLPO by …………….date
• Progress report submitted by ………………date
• Final report by the consultant submitted by …………….date
• Final report agreed by SLPO and translated into English language by …………..date
Reporting
The consultant will report to SLPO Director.
Methodology
This assignment will be carried out as follows: (1) desk review in Ulaanbaatar of the relevant project documents and collection of relevant international and domestic experience; (2) four-weeks field visits with interviews of beneficiaries and in-depth stakeholder consultations in a sample of representative project areas as agreed with SLPO; (3) interviews in Ulaanbaatar of government officials, project managers, members of the advisory group, SLPO officers, and World Bank staff; (4) office–based analysis and report writing; and (5) solicitation of feedback from various stakeholders; and (6) finalization of reports.
Background materials
The consultant will be expected to familiarize him/herself with all the relevant project documentation, including but not restricted to:
• The Environmental and Social Management Plan for SLP III
• Guidance Manual on environmental assessment issued by the Ministry of Nature and Green development;
* Environmental auditing reports for SLP-II
All these materials will be provided by SLPO.
Qualifications
The assessment will be carried out by a national consultant with extensive prior experience in the fields of environmental and natural resources management, or environmental impact assessment, be familiar with Mongolia’s EIA policy and regulations, processes and available technology relevant to environmental management. Prior experience in conducting EA in connection with World Bank financed projects is desirable.
The consultant (s) should have technical skills and training in EIA and hold at least a master’s degree in environmental science, geography or land use planning, natural resource management, rangeland ecology, pasture agronomy, livestock production, hydrology or water resources management and/or other relevant field. The team leader should no less than 10 years experience in relevant field. The consultant should posses good commands in English and be able to travel to countryside on a regular basis during the contracted period.
Attachment 5
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
General
1. The Contractor and his employees shall adhere to the mitigation measures set down in these specifications to prevent harm and nuisances on local communities, and to minimize the impacts in construction and operation on the environment.
2. Remedial actions which cannot be effectively carried out during construction should be carried out on completion of the works (and before issuance of the acceptance of completion of works):
a) All affected areas should be landscaped and any necessary remedial works should be undertaken without delay, including grassing and reforestation;
b) water courses should be cleared of debris and drains and culverts checked for clear flow paths; and
c) All sites should be cleaned of debris and all excess materials properly disposed;
d) Borrow pits should be restored.
Construction Activities and Environmental Rules for Contractors
The following information is intended solely as broad guidance to be used in conjunction with local and national regulations. Before initiation of construction activities, the Contractor shall present the Project Engineer with a Construction Plan which explicitly states how he plans to abide by these specifications. After approval of such Plan by the Project Engineer, construction activities can proceed.
Prohibitions
The following activities are prohibited on or near the project site:
1. Cutting of trees for any reason outside the approved construction area;
2. Hunting, fishing, wildlife capture, or plant collection;
3. Use of unapproved toxic materials, including lead-based paints, asbestos, etc.;
4. Disturbance to anything with architectural or historical value;
5. Building of fires;
6. Use of firearms (except authorized security guards);
7. Use of alcohol by workers.
Transport
The Contractor shall use selected routes to the project site, as agreed with the Project Engineer, and appropriately sized vehicles suitable to the class of roads in the area, and shall restrict loads to prevent damage to local roads and bridges used for transportation purposes. The Contractor shall be held responsible for any damage caused to local roads and bridges due to the transportation of excessive loads, and shall be required to repair such damage to the approval of the Project Engineer.
The Contractor shall not use any vehicles, either on or off road with grossly excessive, exhaust or noise emissions. In any built up areas, noise mufflers shall be installed and maintained in good condition on all motorized equipment under the control of the Contractor.
Adequate traffic control measures shall be maintained by the Contractor throughout the duration of the Contract and such measures shall be subject to prior approval of the Project Engineer.
Workforce and Camps
The Contractor should whenever possible locally recruit the majority of the workforce and shall provide appropriate training as necessary.
The Contractor shall install and maintain a temporary septic tank system for any residential labor camp and without causing pollution of nearby watercourses.
The Contractor shall establish a method and system for storing and disposing of all solid wastes generated by the labor camp and/or base camp.
The Contractor shall not allow the use of fuel wood for cooking or heating in any labor camp or base camp and provide alternate facilities using other fuels.
The Contractor shall ensure that site offices, depots, asphalt plants and workshops are located in appropriate areas as approved by the Project Engineer and not within 500 meters of existing residential settlements and not within 1,000 meters for asphalt plants.
The Contractor shall ensure that site offices, depots and particularly storage areas for diesel fuel and bitumen and asphalt plants are not located within 500 meters of watercourses, and are operated so that no pollutants enter watercourses, either overland or through groundwater seepage, especially during periods of rain. This will require lubricants to be recycled and a ditch to be constructed around the area with an approved settling pond/oil trap at the outlet.
The contractor shall not use fuel wood as a means of heating during the processing or preparation of any materials forming part of the Works.
Waste Management and Erosion:
Solid, sanitation, and, hazardous wastes must be properly controlled, through the implementation of the following measures:
Waste Management:
1. Minimize the production of waste that must be treated or eliminated.
2. Identify and classify the type of waste generated. If hazardous wastes are generated, proper procedures must be taken regarding their storage, collection, transportation and disposal.
3. Identify and demarcate disposal areas clearly indicating the specific materials that can be deposited in each.
4. Control placement of all construction waste (including earth cuts) to approved disposal sites (>300 m from rivers, streams, lakes, or wetlands).Dispose in authorized areas all of garbage, metals, used oils, and excess material generated during construction, incorporating recycling systems and the separation of materials.
Erosion Control:
Disturb as little ground area as possible, stabilize that area as quickly as possible, control drainage through the area, and trap sediment onsite. Erect erosion control barriers around perimeter of cuts, disposal pits, and roadways
Conserve topsoil with its leaf litter and organic matter, and reapply this material to local disturbed areas to promote the growth of local native vegetation.
Apply local, native grass seed and mulch to barren erosive soil areas or closed construction surfaces.
Apply erosion control measures before the rainy season begins preferably immediately following construction. Install erosion control measures as each construction site is completed.
In all construction sites, install sediment control structures where needed to slow or redirect runoff and trap sediment until vegetation is established. Sediment control structures include windrows of logging slash, rock berms, sediment catchment basins, straw bales, brush fences, and silt
Control water flow through construction sites or disturbed areas with ditches, berms, check structures, live grass barriers, and rock
Maintain and reapply erosion control measures until vegetation is successfully established.
Spray water on dirt roads, cuts, fill material and stockpiled soil to reduce wind-induced erosion, as needed
Maintenance:
Identify and demarcate equipment maintenance areas (>15m from rivers, streams, lakes or wetlands). Fuel storage shall be located in proper areas and approved by the Project Engineer.
Ensure that all equipment maintenance activities, including oil changes, are conducted within demarcated maintenance areas; never dispose spent oils on the ground, in water courses, drainage canals or in sewer systems.
All spills and collected petroleum products shall be disposed of in accordance with standard environmental procedures/guidelines. Fuel storage and refilling areas shall be located at least 300m from all cross drainage structures and important water bodies or as directed by the Engineer.
Earthworks, Cut and Fill Slopes
All earthworks shall be properly controlled, especially during the rainy season.
The Contractor shall maintain stable cut and fill slopes at all times and cause the least possible disturbance to areas outside the prescribed limits of the works.
The Contractor shall complete cut and fill operations to final cross-sections at any one location as soon as possible and preferably in one continuous operation to avoid partially completed earthworks, especially during the rainy season.
In order to protect any cut or fill slopes from erosion, in accordance with the drawings, cut off drains and toe-drains shall be provided at the top and bottom of slopes and be planted with grass or other plant cover. Cut off drains should be provided above high cuts to minimize water runoff and slope erosion.
Any excavated cut or unsuitable material shall be disposed of in designated disposal areas as agreed to by the Project Engineer.
Disposal sites should not be located where they can cause future slides, interfere with agricultural land or any other properties, or cause soil from the dump to be washed into any watercourse. Drains may need to be dug within and around the tips, as directed by the Engineer
Stockpiles and Borrow Pits
Operation of a new borrowing area, on land, in a river, or in an existing area, shall be subject to prior approval of the Project Engineer, and the operation shall cease if so instructed by the Project Engineer. Borrow pits shall be prohibited where they might interfere with the natural or designed drainage patterns. River locations shall be prohibited if they might undermine or damage the river banks, or carry too much fine material downstream.
The Contractor shall ensure that all borrow pits used are left in a trim and tidy condition with stable side slopes, and are drained ensuring that no stagnant water bodies are created which could breed mosquitoes.
Rock or gravel taken from a river shall be far enough removed to limit the depth of material removed to one-tenth of the width of the river at any one location, and not to disrupt the river flow, or damage or undermine the river banks.
The location of crushing plants shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer, and not be close to environmentally sensitive areas or to existing residential settlements, and shall be operated with approved fitted dust control devices.
In any borrow pit and disposal site, the Contractor shall:
1. Identify and demarcate locations for stockpiles and borrow pits, ensuring that they are 15 meters away from critical areas such as steep slopes, erosion-prone soils, and areas that drain directly into sensitive water bodies
2. Limit extraction of material to approved and demarcated borrow pits.
3. Stockpile topsoil when first opening the borrow pit. After all usable borrow has been removed, the previously stockpiled topsoil should be spread back over the borrow area and graded to a smooth, uniform surface, sloped to drain. On steep slopes, benches or terraces may have to be specified to help control erosion.
4. Excess overburden should be stabilized and revegetated. Where appropriate, organic debris and overburden should be spread over the disturbed site to promote revegetation. Natural revegetation is preferred to the extent practicable.
5. Existing drainage channels in areas affected by the operation should be kept free of overburden.
6. Once the job is completed. all construction -generated debris should be removed from the site.
Disposal of Construction and Vehicle Waste
The Contractor shall establish and enforce daily site clean-up procedures, including maintenance of adequate disposal facilities for construction debris
Debris generated due to the dismantling of the existing structures shall be suitably reused, to the extent feasible, in the proposed construction (e.g. as fill materials for embankments). The disposal of remaining debris shall be carried out only at sites identified and approved by the Project Engineer. The contractor should ensure that these sites (a) are not located within designated forest areas; (b) do not impact natural drainage courses; and (c) do not impact endangered/rare flora. Under no circumstances shall the contractor dispose of any material in environmentally sensitive areas.
In the event any debris or silt from the sites is deposited on adjacent land, the Contractor shall immediately remove such, debris or silt and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Project Engineer.
All arrangements for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, where necessary, will be considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the contractor as approved and directed by the Engineer.
Safety during Construction
The Contractor’s responsibilities include the protection of every person and nearby property from construction accidents. The Contractor shall be responsible for complying with all national and local safety requirements and any other measures necessary to avoid accidents, including the following:
1. Carefully and clearly mark pedestrian-safe access routes;
2. If school children are in the vicinity, include traffic safety personnel to direct traffic during school hours;
3. Maintain supply of supplies for traffic signs (including paint, easel, sign material, etc.), road marking, and guard rails to maintain pedestrian safety during construction;
4. Conduct safety training for construction workers prior to beginning work;
5. Provide personal protective equipment and clothing (goggles, gloves, respirators, dust masks, hard hats, steel-toed and –shanked boots, etc.,) for construction workers and enforce their use;
6. Post Material Safety Data Sheets for each chemical present on the worksite;
7. Require that all workers read, or are read, all Material Safety Data Sheets. Clearly explain the risks to them and their partners, especially when pregnant or planning to start a family. Encourage workers to share the information with their physicians, when relevant;
8. Ensure that the removal of asbestos-containing materials or other toxic substances be performed and disposed of by specially trained workers;
9. During heavy rains or emergencies of any kind, suspend all work.
10. Brace electrical and mechanical equipment to withstand seismic events during the construction.
Nuisance and Dust Control
To control nuisance and dust the Contractor should:
1. Maintain all construction-related traffic at or below 15 mph on streets within 200 m of the site;
2. Maintain all on-site vehicle speeds at or below 10 mph.
3. To the extent possible, maintain noise levels associated with all machinery and equipment at or below 90 db.
4. In sensitive areas (including residential neighborhoods, hospitals, rest homes, etc.) more strict measures may need to be implemented to prevent undesirable noise levels.
5. Minimize production of dust and particulate materials at all times, to avoid impacts on surrounding families and businesses, and especially to vulnerable people (children, elders).
6. Phase removal of vegetation to prevent large areas from becoming exposed to wind.
7. Place dust screens around construction areas, paying particular attention to areas close to housing, commercial areas, and recreational areas.
8. Spray water as needed on dirt roads, cut areas and soil stockpiles or fill material.
9. Apply proper measures to minimize disruptions from vibration or noise coming from construction activities.
Community Relations
To enhance adequate community relations the Contractor shall:
1. Inform the population about construction and work schedules, interruption of services, traffic detour routes and provisional bus routes, as appropriate.
2. Limit construction activities at night. When necessary ensure that night work is carefully scheduled and the community is properly informed so they can take necessary measures.
3. At least five days in advance of any service interruption (including water, electricity, telephone, bus routes) the community must be advised through postings at the project site, at bus stops, and in affected homes/businesses.
.
Physical Cultural Property Chance-finds Procedures
If the Contractor discovers archeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, including graveyards and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractor shall:
a) Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find;
b) Delineate the discovered site or area;
c) Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be arranged until the responsible local authorities or the state central administrative body take over;
d) Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the state central administrative body immediately (within 24 hours or less);
e) Responsible local authorities and the state central administrative body would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archeologists of state central administrative body. The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values;
f) Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities and state central administrative body. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage;
g) Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by relevant local authorities; and
h) Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities or state central administrative body concerning safeguard of the heritage.
HIV/AIDS Education
The Contractor shall ensure that detection screening of sexually transmitted diseases, especially with regard to HIV/AIDS, amongst laborers is actually carried out and will submit a certificate of compliance to the Head Construction Engineer.
Environmental Supervision during Construction
The Project Engineer will supervise compliance with these specifications. Major non-compliance by the Contractor will be cause for suspension of works and other penalties until the non-compliance has been resolved to the satisfaction of the Project Engineer. Contractors are also required to comply with national and municipal regulations governing the environment, public health and safety.
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[1]Aimag refers to provinces. There are 21 aimags in Mongolia. Aimags are split into districts known as soums. There are approximately 330 soums in Mongolia. The average population of rural soums is 3000. Urban districts are known as duuregs
[2] [3] (#-89=
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Local Development Fund Activities
Instruction:
The goal of this checklist is to determine sensitive environmental baseline condition of proposed project area and provide necessary information to EIA local experts
Checklist must be filled out for each proposed project.
Checklist is must be attached to the project proposal
÷~ø~äåý€þ€??E‚F‚€‚ð‚Ÿƒéƒ¨„ô„†Ž†Ð†/‡0‡J‡K‡óóóChecklist must be filled out by Soum Environmental Inspector and stamped and signed
If necessary checklist should be checked and approved by Environmental Inspector of Special Protected area
Necessary drawings, maps and photo could be attached to this checklist
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