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Standard USHC-8: The student will demonstrate an understanding of social, economic and political issues in contemporary America.USHC-8.4 Analyze the causes and consequences of the resurgence of the conservative movement, including social and cultural changes of the 1960s and 1970s, Supreme Court decisions on integration and abortion, the economic and social policies of the Reagan administration, and the role of the media.Conservatives vs. LiberalsMAIN IDEAS: 1. ___________________ and _______________________ have been in conflict throughout the history of the U.S., especially in times of great social and cultural change and economic uncertainty.Examples: 1920s and 1930s, then 1960s and 1970s2. The main issue that split the Federalists and Democratic Republicans was the appropriate role and power of the ________________ _________________________, and this remains the major division between the parties today.3. The basic differences between conservatives and liberals in the 1980s and today developed as a result of the varied responses to the ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Events that strengthened the Conservative Movement:Social upheaval and the counterculture of the 1960sBrown vs. Board of EducationThe Civil Rights MovementAnti-poverty programs and Affirmative Action plansPresident Johnson’s Great SocietyThe Women’s Rights MovementRoe vs. Wade 1973VietnamConservative “Hawks” (pro-war) vs. Liberal “Doves” (anti-war)The Sexual RevolutionDrug use, divorce rate, unmarried people living togetherPolitical Parties and the role of the National Government:Conservatives: Conservatives believe that a large ______________________________ threatens individual __________________ and that the majority of governing should be left to the _________________ (states’ rights) Conservatives believe in personal responsibility and that the government should leave charity to the private sectorConservatives do not support extension of welfare because they believe that welfare programs make their recipients permanently dependent on government and are too costlyLiberals:Liberals believe that the __________________________________ should take an active role in protecting the ______________ and ______________ of the individual and of minority groups against local prejudicesLiberals advocate government programs to aid those who are least able to care for themselvesRICHARD NIXON:A moderate Republican, he was elected under the campaign slogan “law and order” amid urban riots and anti-war protestsSouthern Strategy: The Watergate Scandal, and Nixon’s pardon by President Ford (previously Nixon’s VP), led to the election of democrat Jimmy CarterJIMMY CARTER:The Carter administration was negatively affected by economic problems exacerbated by spending in the Vietnam War and the ongoing crisis in the Middle EastDouble digit inflation, a energy crisis that eroded middle class prosperity, which undermined support for social welfare programsWhen the administration was unable to end the ___________________________ the stage was set for changeRONALD REAGAN:Reagan’s patriotism and “can do” attitude appealed to American voters Television coverage of the return of the hostages on the day of Reagan’s inauguration added to his can-do imageHe launched the “__________________________________”, cutting taxes for the wealthy to promote investment and the creation of jobs, while also cutting government spendingThe Reagan administration limited the enforcement of regulations on _________________ and ___________ (laissez-faire) and ___________________ protectionsReagan also increased __________________ spending tremendously during the Cold War in order to bring an end to the tension between the U.S. and the Soviet UnionConservatives credit Reagan with bringing about the dissolution of the Soviet Union and ending the Cold WarLiberals attribute the fall of the USSR to _____________________________President Reagan successfully changed the vocabulary of politics so that conservative was now seen as synonymous with economic growth and traditional values and liberalism with wasteful spending and overweening government.Liberals attempted to counter this interpretation, portraying themselves as the champions of the middle class and the role of government as protecting the middle classPolitical Parties and the Economy:Conservatives:“Reaganomics”: Conservatives advocate belt-tightening and balanced budgetAnti-regulation (businesses, banks)Liberals:Liberals believe that the economic well being of the nation depends on the ability of all of the people to __________________________ produced because increased _________________ will prompt businesses to create more __________ and more people with jobs will spend more _________________ (demand side)They believe the wealthy should pay taxes proportion to their ability to pay and that tax cuts should go to the lower and middle class Liberals hold that in economic hard times, the federal government should stimulate the economy through deficit spendingPro-regulation (businesses, banks)Liberals believe that “Reaganomics” and increased defense spending led to an increase in __________________________________GLOBALIZATION: Problems due to Globalization:Exodus of manufacturing jobs to places with lower labor costsNew jobs created were most often in low-paying service industries resulting in lower tax _________________________ ................
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