A SOCIO-PRAGMATIC COMPARATIVE STUDY OF - Language in India

UNIVERSITY OF ISFAHAN FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

A SOCIO-PRAGMATIC COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OSTENSIBLE INVITATIONS IN ENGLISH AND FARSI

by Mohammad Ali Salmani-Nodoushan

A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Studies Office in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of M.A. in

Teaching English as a Foreign Language

Khordad 8, 1374 (May 29, 1995)

UNIVERSITY OF ISFAHAN FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

We, members of thesis committee, hereby certify that we have read this thesis written by Mohammad Ali Salmani-Nodoushan, entitled A Sociopragmatic Comparative Study of Ostensible Invitations in English and Farsi, and that it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts in Teaching English as a Foreign Language.

Dr. Akbar Afghari (Supervisor)

Dr. Mohammad Hasan Tahririan (Advisor)

Dr. Mahmoud Ketabi (External Examiner)

Dr. Mansour Koosha (Internal Examiner)

Dr. Manuchehr Tavangar Rizi (Head of English Department) (Representative of Graduate Studies Office)

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May 29, 1995

ii

TO MY PARENTS FOR

THEIR LOVE AND SUPPORT

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I am greatly indebted to Dr. A. Afghari whose help and support during the writing of this thesis were manifested in more ways than I can say without writing a whole other thesis on the subject. I also acknowledge the cooperation and assistance of Dr. M. H. Tahririan, who read the thesis and provided me with useful comments which enabled me to convert turgid prose into readable English. Grateful acknowledgement is also made to Dr. M. Kousha, whose sympathy, support, high spirit, and friendly behavior during the last three years were manifested in so many ways that I can never forget no matter how much I try. I am very grateful to Dr. M. A. Eslami-Nodoushan, Dr. Z. Eslamirasekh, Dr. A. Jafarpur, Dr. F. Moshfeghi, Dr. F. Pourgiv, Dr. S. Rahbar-Nia, Dr. A. Tavakoli, Dr. M. Tavangar, and Dr. L. Yar-Muhammadi for the comments and suggestions they made for improving the study. I alone have to answer for its faults and shortcomings. I am also indebted to the field workers who were kind enough to tolerate the painstaking task of collecting the data. To all, many thanks again for your assistance and encouragement.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Approval

ii

Dedication

iii

Acknowledgements

iv

Table of contents

v

List of figures

viii

Abstract

ix

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.0. Preliminaries

1

1.1. Purpose of the study

7

1.2. Significance of the study

8

1.3. Scope of the study

9

1.4. Outline of the study

10

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

2.0. Introduction

12

2.1. Structuralism

12

2.2. Generativism

13

2.3. Transition from structuralism to contextualism

14

2.4. The birth of sociolinguistics

15

2.5. Communicative competence

16

2.6. Form, meaning, and function

17

2.7. Context

17

2.8. Pragmatics

18

2.9. Pragmatic failure

20

2.9.1. Pragmalinguistic failure

21

2.9.2. Sociopragmatic failure

21

2.10. Speech acts

22

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