MIGRATION, SOCIAL CAPITAL AND REPRODUCTIVE …



MIGRATION, SOCIAL CAPITAL, AND REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR AND OUTCOMES IN ARMENIA

Case Identification IDEN _______

Village VILLAGE _____________________ [ ] Interviewers ID INT_ID ______ [ ]

When interview was conducted DATE_________/day, month/ [ ]

Selection of household SELEC

1. Random 2. Second selection 3.Not random

Place of interview PLACE 1. home 2. other /specify/ ______________

Start _____________End__________ Duration /minutes/ ______ DUR [ ]

Result RESULT plete 2. incomplete /mention why/ __________________

Supervisor’s Initials SUPER ____ [ ] Data entry person’s initials DATA_ID____ [ ]

MODUL A. THE STRUCTURE OF HOUSEHOLD AND INDIVIDUAL CHARACETRISTICS

|I would like to start with some questions about you and your household |

|No. |Question |Answer |Skip |

|A1 |How many people usually live at your household including you, all adults and children? (by | | |

| |household we mean people who usually live together, share the same house and have the same |_____Number of usual HH members | |

| |budget) | | |

|A2 |For all these people, please, state their relation to you, their sex, age, whether they are currently staying here or at some other place, whether they bring |

| |any income or not, whether they study or not? |

| | A. Relation to you |B. Sex |C. Age |D. Is she/he currently |E. Bring income (incl. |F. Is she/he studying? |

| | | | |living with you? |pension, benefits)? | |

| |2. | 1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |3. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |4. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |5. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |6. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |7. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |8. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |9. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| |10. |1.M. 2. F | |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

|IF NECESSARY, USE TABLE (I): CHECK THE CURCLE IF YOU USED THE TABLE |

|A3 |Who is the head of your household? | | |

| | |______ [ ] | |

| |WRITE AN CORRESPONDING NUMBER FROM THE PREVIOUS TABLE. IF RESPONDENT IS THE HEAD OF FAMILIY, WRITE | | |

| |1 | | |

|A4x. Now I would like to ask you some questions about yourself |

|A4 |In which year were you born? | Year______ | |

|A5 |In how many places have you lived for the period of 6 months or more starting from your birthplace | | |

| |and ending with your current place of residence? |Number of places _____ | |

|A6 |For each place, please, specify the name and location of the place, years of moving in and of moving out. |

| |Please start with the place, where you were born and end with your current place of residence. |

| |Name of place |A. Marz and shrjan or foreign country (Soviet Union republic)|B. Urban or rural? |C. Year moved in |D. Year moved out |

| | | | | | |

|1 | | |1.U 2.R | | |

|2 | | |1.U 2.R | | |

|3 | | |1.U 2.R | | |

|4 | | |1.U 2.R | | |

|5 | | |1.U 2.R | | |

|A7 |What is your level of education? |1. Incomplete secondary or less | |

| | |2. Secondary | |

| | |3. Vocational/secondary special | |

| | |4. Incomplete higher | |

| | |5.Higher or more | |

|A8 |Are you currently studying? |1.Yes | |

| | |2. No | |

|A9 |To which religion/church do you belong? |0. Not religious/atheist/ ( ( |A11 |

| | |1. Armenian Apostolic | |

| | |96.Other_______________[ ] | |

|A10 |How many times did you attend religious services in the past 4 weeks? |0.Never | |

| | |1. 1-2 times | |

| | |2. 3-4 times | |

| | |3. More than 4 times | |

|A11 |How many hours a day do you usually watch TV? |1.Never ( |A13x |

| | | | |

| | |2. 1-2 times | |

| | |3. 3 or more times | |

|A12 |During the past week how many times did you watch on the TV the following? | | |

| |A. News program |A. _________98.Don’t remember | |

| |B. Films or serials |B. _________98.Don’t remember | |

| |C. Musical or other shows |C. _________98.Don’t remember | |

| |D. Any program in Russian |D. _________98.Don’t remember | |

|A13x. Now I would like to ask some questions about any work you have been done during your life for which you got remuneration in money or kind. It could be work in the |

|factory, office, business, market or paid agricultural work |

|A13 |Have you ever done any activity for which you have got remuneration in money or kind? |1.Yes | |

| | |2.No ( |A16 |

|A14 |Please, tell me about each your work the following: what did you exactly do, did you work in state organization, in private business, in your own or family |

| |business. Please, tell the year and month you started and stopped this work, as well as why you stopped it? Please, begin with your first work and end with |

| |the last or current one. |

| |THAT ACTIVITIES THAT HAVE BEEN RESUMED AFTER A LONG INTERRUPTION ARE TREATED AS SEPARATE ACTIVITIES |

| |A. Work/Activity |B. Type of employer |C. |D. |E. Year |F. Month |G. Reason of ending/interruption|

| | |1. State |Year started|Month |ended |ended | |

| | |2. Private company/employer | |started | | | |

| | |3 Self-employed/family | | | | | |

|1 | | | | | | | [|

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|2 | | | | | | | [|

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|IF NECESSARY, USE TABLE (II): CHECK THE CURCLE IF YOU USED THE TABLE |

|A15 |IF RESPOINDENT HAS WORKED IN THE PAST 4 WEEKS. | | |

| | |A. Amount ___________ | |

| | |B. Currency | |

| |How much have you earned each week, each month or each year from this occupation? If you don’t know|1.Dram 2.US dollar 3 Russian ruble | |

| |the exact amount, please tell an approximate amount. If you have been paid in kind, please tell an |C. Period | |

| |approximate equivalent amount in drams. |1. Per week | |

| | |2. Per month | |

| | |3. Per year | |

|A16 |Have you ever taken a loan from a bank or another organization? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No | |

MODULE B. MARRIAGE AND HUSBAND’S CHARACTERISTICS

|B1x. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your marital life |

|B1 |How many times have you been either in official (ZAGS) marriage or civil marriage? |Number of marriages____ | |

|B2 |For each of your marriages, please tell me whether it was registered in ZAGS or not, year and month when it started and ended, as well as the reason| |

| |why it ended. | |

| |Order of |A. ZAGS or civil |B. Year started|C. Month started |D. Year ended |E. Month ended |F. Reason why ended |

| |marriage |1.ZAGS | | | | |1. Divorce/ separation |

| | |2.Civil | | | | |2. Death |

| |1 |1 2 | | | | |1 2 |

| |2 |1 2 | | | | |1 2 |

| |3 |1 2 | | | | |1 2 |

| |4 |1 2 | | | | |1 2 |

|B3x.Now I would like to ask you about your husband |

|B3 |Was your husband born in the same locality as you were or in a different locality? |1. Same ( ( |B5 |

| | |2. Different | |

|B4 |In what shrjan and marz was your husband born? If he was born outside of Armenia, please specify |Region & marz or country | |

| |the country. |________________________[ ] | |

|B5 |How old is your husband? |______ | |

|B6 |What’s your husband’s education? |1. Incomplete secondary or less | |

| | |2. Secondary | |

| | |3. Vocational/secondary special | |

| | |4. Incomplete higher | |

| | |5. Higher or more | |

|B7 |Is your husband currently studying? |1.Yes | |

| | |2. No | |

| B8x. Now I would like to ask some questions about your husband’s work |

|B8 |Since January 2001 or since your marriage, if you married after January 2001, what were/is your | | |

| |husband’s main occupations or activity, i.e., the activity which provided/provide most income? |____________________ [ ] | |

|B9 |Now let’s talk about any of your husband’s paid activities which have provided most income since 2001. If you got married after January 2001, my questions will refer to the period from your marriage till now. |

| |We will talk about all activities that last 3 months or more. If there was an interruption of 2 months or more for reasons other than vacation or illness, we will treat them as separate activities. For each |

| |activity I would like to know what exactly he did and where he worked, whether he worked for a state organization, in private business or in his personal/family business. Please indicate the year and month he |

| |started and ended each work, as well as the reason why he ended it. |

| |

|B9z |WRITE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF HUSBAND’S ACTIVITIES. IF STARTING FROM 1/2001 OR MARRIAGE HE HAS NOT WORKED, WRITE “0” ____ |

|QUESTIONS B10-B18 ARE ASKED ONLY OF THOSE WOMEN, WHOSE HUSBANDS WERE ABSENT FROM VILLAGE SINCE JANUARY 2005 FOR 3 OR MORE MONTHS. IF HUSBAND HAS NOT BEEN ABSENT FROM |

|VILLAGE FOR WORK REASONS SINCE JANUARY 2005 FOR 3 OR MORE MONTHS, SKIP TO( ( ( B19 |

|B10x.Now I would like to ask you about your husband’s last or current work-related absence from the village |

|B10 |How often do/did you speak with him on the phone while he is/was away? |A._______ Number of times | |

| | |B. Period | |

| | |1. Month 2. Year | |

|B11 |How often do/did you get letters from him? |_____ Number of letters per month | |

|B12 |Approximately how much does he earn per month? |A.___________ Amount | |

| | |B. Currency | |

| | |1.Dram 2.US dollar 3.RU ruble | |

|B13 |How often does he send you money? |A. _____ Times | |

| | |B. Period | |

| | |1. Month 2. Year | |

|B14 |On average how much money does/did he send you in a month? |A.___________ Amount | |

| | |B. Currency | |

| | |1.Dram 2.US dollar 3.RU ruble | |

|B15 |How often does/did he send you presents other than money? |A. _____ Times | |

| | |B. Period | |

| | |1. Month 2. Year | |

|B16 |How many times did he come back for brief visits since he had left for that place? | | |

| | |______ Number of visits | |

|B17 |Have you ever visited the place of his work? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No | |

|B18 |In your opinion, have the material conditions of your household improved, worsened or more or |1. Improved | |

| |less stayed the same since he left? |2. Worsened | |

| | |3. Stayed the same | |

| | |98. Not sure/difficult to say | |

|B19 |Since January 2001 (or since your marriage) has your husband been away from your village for |1.Yes | |

| |reasons other than work for 3 or more months (for example, study, travel, army, etc)? |2.No ( ( |B21 |

|B20 |Which were the main reasons of his absence during that period? |A. Education | |

| | |B. Army | |

| |SEVERAL ANSWERS ARE POSSIBLE |C. Illness | |

| | |D. Visit of relatives and friends | |

| | |96.Other_________________[ ] | |

|B21 |In your opinion, how likely is your husband to leave the village for work next year? |1.Surely/very likely | |

| | |2.Possible | |

| | |3.Unlikely ( ( |B24x |

| | |98. Don’t know/not sure ( ( |B24x |

|B22 |Where is he most likely to go to work? |1. Yerevan | |

| | |2.Other region of Armenia | |

| | |3. Russia | |

| | |4. Other country___________[ ] | |

|B23 |How likely is that you will go with him? |1.Surely/very likely | |

| | |2.Possible | |

| | |3.Unlikely | |

| | |98. Don’t know/not sure | |

|B24x. Now I would like to ask you about places where, to your knowledge, your close adult relatives and in-laws are living. By close I mean your and your husband’s |

|relatives, like parents, adult children, aunts, uncles, adult nieces and nephews. |

|B24 |Approximately how many of your or your husband’s relatives are currently living in Yerevan? | | |

| | |____ Number | |

|B25 |Approximately how many of your or your husband’s relatives are currently living in other villages| | |

| |or cities of Armenia (not in Yerevan)? |____ Number | |

|B26 |Since the beginning of this year has any of your relatives or in-laws who are living in Armenia |A. Times sent/brought money____ | |

| |sent or brought you or someone from your family money or gifts? |B. Times sent/brought gifts ____ | |

|B27 |Approximately how many of your or your husband’s adult relatives are currently living outside of |0 ( |B30 |

| |Armenia? |( | |

| | |____ Number | |

|B28 |Where does the majority of them live/work? |A. Country_____________ | |

| | |B. Country _____________ | |

| | |C. Country _____________ | |

| | |D. Country_____________ | |

|B29 |Since the beginning of this year has any of your relatives or in-laws, who is living out of |A. Times sent/brought money____ | |

| |Armenia sent or brought you or someone from your family money or gift? |B. Times sent/brought gifts ____ | |

|B30 |Now let’s talk about your friends (not relatives). Approximately how many of your friends are |0 ( |B33 |

| |living/working outside of Armenia? |( | |

| | |____ Number | |

|B31 |Where does the majority of them live? |A. Country_____________ | |

| | |B. Country _____________ | |

| | |C. Country _____________ | |

| | |D. Country_____________ | |

|B32 |Since the beginning of this year has any of your friends who lives/works outside of Armenia sent |A. Times sent/brought money____ | |

| |or brought you or anyone in your family money or gifts? |B. Times sent/brought gifts ____ | |

|B33 |If the circumstances allowed, would you like to move permanently out of this village? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No ( ( |C1x |

| | |98. Not sure ( ( |C1x |

|B34 |Where would you like to move to? |1. Yerevan | |

| | |2. Other region of Armenia | |

| | |3. Russia | |

| | |4. Other country__________ [ ] | |

| | |98.Don’t know/doesn’t matter | |

MODULE C. HEALTH AND REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR

|C1x. Now I will ask you some questions about your health |

|C1 |How would you describe your health: good, average, or bad? |1. Good | |

| | |2. Average | |

| | |3. Bad | |

| | |98. Don’t know/not sure | |

|C2 |Compared to the state of your health one year ago, do you think your health has improved, |1.Improved | |

| |worsened, or stayed the same? |2.Worsened | |

| | |3. Stayed the same | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|C3 |If you have a serious health problem or disability, please, describe it. |0. Don’t have any serious problem or | |

| | |disability | |

| | |A. Problem _____________[ ] | |

| | |B. Disability____________ [ ] | |

|C4 |Since the beginning of the year, how many times, were you so ill that you had to stay in bed for |____ Number of times | |

| |at least one day? |98. Don’t remember | |

|C5 |The last time that you were ill, where did you get the drugs to treat your illness? |0. Didn’t take any drugs | |

| | |1. Bought from pharmacy | |

| | |2. Used drugs she had at home | |

| | |3. Used drugs she got from relatives | |

| | |4. Used drugs she got from friends | |

| | |96. Other_______________ [ ] | |

|C6 |Since the beginning of the year, did you have any illness for which you had to see (call) a |1. Yes | |

| |doctor? |2. No( ( |C8 |

|C7 |The last time you saw (called) a doctor or a nurse because of an illness, who paid for that? |0.Didn’t pay at all | |

| | |1.Myself | |

| | |2.Relatives helped | |

| | |3. Friends and neighbors helped | |

| | |96. Other ______________ [ ] | |

|C8 |Since the beginning of the year, did you have an illness that resulted in hospitalization? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No ( ( |C10x |

|C9 |The last time you were hospitalized who paid for that? |0. Didn’t pay at all | |

| | |1. I paid myself | |

| | |2.Relatives helped | |

| | |3. Friends and neighbors helped | |

| | |96. Other ______________ [ ] | |

|C10x. Now I would like to ask about your pregnancies and children |

|C10 |Are you currently pregnant? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No | |

|C11 |Have you ever been pregnant before? |1.Yes | |

| | |2 No( ( |C22x |

|C12 |For each of your pregnancies please tell me the year and month when the pregnancy ended, whether it ended in a miscarriage, stillbirth, an abortion, or a live|

| |birth with or without cesarean section. For each pregnancy that ended in a live birth tell the sex of the child and whether or not the child is now alive. If |

| |any of your children died, tell me the year and month of death. |

| |Order of pregnancy |

|C13 |WRITE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF LIVING CHILDREN HERE [ ] | |

|C14 |IF RESPONDENT HAS AT LEAST ONE BIOLOGICAL CHILD | | |

| |How many of your living children did you have with your current husband? |_____ | |

|C15 |How many of children who are living with you are not your biological children (were adopted)? | | |

| | |_____ | |

|IF RESPONDENT DOESN”T HAVE ANY UNDERAGE CHILDREN (18 or younger) LIVING WITH HER SKIP( ( ( C22x |

|C16x. Now I would like to ask you about the health of your youngest child |

|C16 |In the past three months how many times did your [youngest] child have any of the following |0. Never( ( |C20 |

| |symptoms: fever, strong cough, respiration difficulties, headache, stomachache, or diarrhea? |_____ Number of times | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|C17 |The last time that your [youngest] child was ill, where did you get the drugs to treat his/her |0. Didn’t take any drugs | |

| |illness? |1. Bought from pharmacy | |

| | |2. Used drugs she had at home | |

| | |3. Used drugs she got from relatives | |

| | |4. Used drugs she got from friends | |

| | |96. Other______________ [ ] | |

|C18 |In the past three months, how many times did you have to take your [youngest] child to a doctor |0.Never( ( |C20 |

| |(call a doctor) because of his/her illness? |_____ Number of times | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|C19 |The last time that you had to take your [youngest] child to a doctor (call a doctor) who paid for |0.Didn’t pay at all | |

| |that? |1. Herself | |

| | |2. Relatives helped to pay | |

| | |3. friends and neighbors helped | |

| | |96. Other _____________[ ] | |

|C20 |Since the beginning of the year, did your [youngest] child have an illness that resulted in |1. Yes | |

| |hospitalization? |2. No ( ( |C22x |

|C21 |The last time your [youngest] child was hospitalized who paid for that? |0. Didn’t pay at all | |

| | |1. Herself | |

| | |2. Relatives helped to pay | |

| | |3. friends and neighbors helped | |

| | |96. Other _____________[ ] | |

|C22x Now I would like to ask you about your future plans |

|C22 |Would you ever like to have (another) child? |1.Yes( ( |C24 |

| | |2. No | |

| |IF RESPONDENT IS PREGNANT NOW, ASK IF SHE WOULD LIKE TO HAVE ANOTHER CHILD AFTER THE BIRTH OF THE |3 Can’t have children ( |C28 |

| |CHILD SHE IS PREGNANT WITH. |98.Don’t know/not sure ( |C28 |

|C23 |Why would you not like to have (another) child? |A. I have enough children | |

| | |B. Because of age | |

| |SEVERAL ANSWERS ARE POSSIBLE |C. Lack of money/ resources | |

| | |D. My husband doesn’t want ( | |

| |AFTER GETTING AN ANSWER PROBE: |E. My husband is away | |

| | |F. I have marital problems | |

| |Is there any other reason why you don't want to have (another) child? |G. I have health problems | |

| | |Z. Other _______________ [ ] | |

|( ( ( ( SKIP ( ( ( ( C28 |

|C24 |ONLY IF SHE IS NOT PREGNANT NOW |1.Yes ( ( |C27 |

| |Would you like to have (another) child in the near future? |2. No | |

|C25 |Why don’t you want to have a child in the near future? |A. I have marital problems | |

| | |B. I have health problems | |

| | |C. Youngest child is too small | |

| |SEVERAL ANSWERS ARE POSSIBLE. |D. Husband doesn’t want | |

| | |E. Husband is away | |

| |AFTER GETTING AN ANSWER PROBE: |F. Lack of money/resources | |

| |Is there any other reason why you don't want to have (another) child in the near future? |G. Plans to move | |

| | |Z. Other________________ [ ] | |

|C26 |How many years would you like to wait before having a (next) child? | | |

| | |_____ Number of years | |

|C27 |How many more children would you like to have? Please do not count the children you already have. |Number ___ | |

| | |55. As many as I can/ God gives | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|C28 |How many more children does your husband want to have? | Number ___ | |

| | |55. As many as he can/God gives | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|C29 |Have you ever used any modern or traditional method to avoid or postpone pregnancy, even for a |1. Yes | |

| |short period? |2. No ( ( |C34 |

|C30 |How many children did you have when you used a method to prevent a pregnancy for the first time? |___ Number of children | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|C31 |Are you currently doing anything to avoid or postpone pregnancy? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No ( ( |C34 |

|C32 |What main method to avoid pregnancy are you currently using? |1. Pill | |

| | |2. IUD | |

| | |3. Condom | |

| | |4. Injections | |

| | |5. Diaphragm/spermicides | |

| | |6. Calendar | |

| | |7. Interrupted intercourse | |

| | |96. Other ______________ [ ] | |

|C33 |How much did you pay the last time you got the method that you are currently using? |0. Free | |

| | |____________ Amount in drams | |

| | |98.Don’t remember | |

|C34 | |1.Couldn’t have children | |

| |IF RESPONDENT IS NOT PREGNANT AND IS NOT DOING ANYTHING TO PREVENT A PREGNANCY |2.Wants to be pregnant | |

| | |3.Husband is away | |

| |Why are you not doing anything to prevent a pregnancy? |4. Doesn’t know where to find a method | |

| | |5. Afraid of side-effects | |

| | |5. Contraceptives are too dear | |

| | |6. Husband opposes | |

| | |7. Religious reasons | |

| | |96. Other______________ [ ] | |

MODULE D. SOCIAL CAPITAL AND COMMUNITY

|D1x. Now I would like to ask you about your relationships with other residents of this village. |

|D1 |More or less what portion of adult residents of your village do you know by name: all or almost |1.All or almost all | |

| |all, more than half, about half, less than half, or almost no one? |2. More than half | |

| | |3. About half | |

| | |4. Less than half | |

| | |5. Almost no one | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|D2 |Since the beginning of the year, approximately how many celebrations and parties, such as | | |

| |weddings, birthdays, baptisms, etc, did you attend in this village? |______ Approximate number | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|D3 |Since the beginning of the year, approximately how many funerals or memorial services did you |______ Approximate number | |

| |attend in this village? |98. Don’t remember | |

|D4 |Approximately how many of your own adult relatives live in this village (but not in your |0 Has no relatives in this village ( |D7 |

| |household)? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Don’t know | |

|D5 |In the past week, approximately in how many houses of your own adult relatives living in this | | |

| |village did you enter, even if only to greet them? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|D6 |In the past week, approximately how many of your own adult relatives living in this village | | |

| |entered your residence, even if only to greet you? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|D7 |Approximately how many of your husband’s adult relatives live in this village (but not in your |0 Has no in-laws in this village ( |D10 |

| |household)? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Don’t know | |

|D8 |In the past week, approximately in how many houses of your husband’s adult relatives living in | | |

| |this village did you enter, even if only to greet them? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Doesn’t remember | |

|D9 |In the past week, approximately how many of your husband’s adult relatives living in this | | |

| |village entered your residence, even if only to greet you? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Doesn’t remember | |

|D10 |In the past week, approximately in how many houses in this village whose residents are neither | | |

| |your nor your husbands’ relatives did you entered, even if only to greet them? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Doesn’t remember | |

|D11 |In the past week, approximately how many village residents who are neither your or your | | |

| |husbands’ relatives entered your residence, even if only to greet you? |______Approximate number | |

| | |98. Doesn’t remember | |

|D12x. Now I would like to ask you about different forms of assistance among relatives and friends in your village. I will first ask about how other people have helped |

|you and then about how you have helped other people. |

|D12 | |1. Relatives |2. In-laws |3. Other |

| |Since the beginning of the year, have you received any of the following forms of financial | | | |

| |assistance from your relatives, in-laws, or non-relatives: | | | |

| |A. Money as an interest-free loan? | | | |

| |B. Money as a loan with interest? | | | |

| |C. Money as a gift? | | | |

| | | | | |

| | | | | |

| | |A. 1.Yes 2. No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| | |B. 1.Yes 2. No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

| | |C. 1.Yes 2. No |1. Yes 2.No |1. Yes 2.No |

|D13 |In the past 3 months, have you received any of the following forms of non-financial assistance |1. Relatives |2. In-laws |3. Other |

| |from your relatives, in-laws, or non-relatives: | | | |

| |A. Food | | | |

| |B. Childcare |A 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| |C. Home care for a sick household member |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| |D. Drugs or medical advice | | | |

| |E. House construction or repair |B 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| |F. Work in the field or tending domestic animals |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| |G. Borrowing agricultural or other equipment | | | |

| |Z. Any other form of assistance_______________ |C 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| | |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| | | | | |

| | |D 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| | |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| | | | | |

| | |E 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| | |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| | | | | |

| | |F 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| | |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| | | | | |

| | |G 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| | |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| | | | | |

| | |Z 1.Y |1.Y |1.Y |

| | |2.N |2.N |2.N |

| | | | | |

|D14 |In the past 3 months did you cooperate with other women of your village to do the following: | | |

| |A. Working in the field or tending animals | | |

| |B. Selling produce in the market |A 1.Yes 2.No | |

| |C. Making preserves for winter |B 1.Yes 2.No | |

| |D. Making carpets or other decorations or clothing |C 1.Yes 2.No | |

| |E. After school activities for children |D 1.Yes 2.No | |

| |Z. Other activities _______________________________ |E 1.Yes 2.No | |

| | |Z 1.Yes 2.No | |

|D15x. Now I would like to ask you about problems in your village that affect all or most of its residents. |

|D15 |In your opinion, which are the biggest problems of your village? Please tell me no more than | | |

| |three problems. |A. _____________________ [ ] | |

| | | | |

| | |B. _____________________ [ ] | |

| | | | |

| | |C. _____________________ [ ] | |

|IF RESPONDENTS COULD NOT IDENTIFY ANY PROBLEM, SKIP ( (( D20 |

|D16 |In your opinion, since the beginning of this year has the government authorities done a lot, | |A |B |C |

| |something, or almost nothing to solve or mitigate these problems? |1.A lot | | | |

| | |2.Something | | | |

| | |3. (Almost) nothing | | | |

| | |98. Doesn’t know | | | |

| | | |1 |1 |1 |

| | | |2 |2 |2 |

| | | |3 |3 |3 |

| | | |98 |98 |98 |

|D17 |In your opinion, since the beginning of this year have non- governmental organizations done a |1. A lot |1 |1 |1 |

| |lot, something, or almost nothing to solve or mitigate these problems? |2. Something |2 |2 |2 |

| | |3. (Almost) nothing |3 |3 |3 |

| | |98. Doesn’t know |98 |98 |98 |

|D18 |In your opinion, since the beginning of this year, have the residents of this village |1. A lot |1 |1 |1 |

| |themselves made any joint efforts to solve or mitigate these problems? |2. Something |2 |2 |2 |

| | |3. (Almost) nothing |3 |3 |3 |

| | |98. Doesn’t know |98 |98 |98 |

|D19 |I will read you a list of groups and organizations. Please, tell me if you participate in the | Doesn’t |

| |activities of these organizations and if you have any leadership role in these organizations. |participate Member Leader |

| | | |

| |A. Cooperative or business organizations |A |

| |B. Avagani |1 |

| |C. Water consumer organization? |2 |

| |D. Political party or organization? |3 |

| |E. Volunteer organization? | |

| |F. Women’s group or organization? |B |

| |G. Religious or spiritual group? |1 |

| |H. Cultural or sports groups? |2 |

| |Z. Other social or civil organization ________________ |3 |

| | | |

| | |C |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

| | |D |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

| | |E |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

| | |F |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

| | |G |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

| | |H |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

| | |Z |

| | |1 |

| | |2 |

| | |3 |

| | | |

|D20 |Since the beginning of the year, have you personally participated with other residents in any |1. Yes | |

| |activity to benefit your village (e.g, cleaning, school or road repairs)? |2. No | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|D21 |In your opinion, do residents of your village help each other a lot, more or less, or don’t |1. A lot | |

| |help each other at all? |2. More or less | |

| | |3. (Almost) not at all | |

| | |98. Don’t know | |

|D22 |Since the beginning of the year, how many times were you or any members of your household | | |

| |victims of assault, theft, or robbery in this village? |____ Number of times | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

|D23 |Since the beginning of the year, have you ever been a victim of sexual violence or sexual |1. Yes | |

| |assault (any attempts to force you to have sexual relationship)? |2. No | |

| | |98. Don’t remember | |

MODULE E. GENDER ATTIDUTES

|E1x. Now I would like to ask you opinions about what men and women should and should not do. |

|E1 |Do you consider acceptable sexual relations before marriage for | | |

| |A. Women |A 1.Yes 2. No 98. Don’t know | |

| |B. Men |B 1.Yes 2.No 98. Don’t know | |

|E2 |What age do you consider optimal for marriage--for men and for women? |A. Women _____ 98. Don’t know | |

| | |B. Men ______ 98. Don’t know | |

|E3 |In your opinion, if a young woman wants to get married but her parents are against it, should she |1. Yes/rather yes |

| |get married? |2. No/rather not |

| | |98. Not sure/depends on circumstances |

|E4 |In your opinion, if a young man wants to get married but his parents are against it, should he get |1. Yes/rather yes |

| |married? |2. No/rather not |

| | |98. Not sure/depends on circumstances |

|E5 |In your opinion, if an unmarried woman with no financial resources has an unplanned pregnancy, |1. Have the baby |

| |should she have the baby or get an abortion? |2. Get an abortion |

| | |98. Not sure/depends on circumstances |

|E6 |In your opinion, if an married woman with no financial resources has an unplanned pregnancy, should |1. Have the baby |

| |she have the baby or get an abortion? |2. Get an abortion |

| | |98. Not sure/depends on circumstances |

|E7 |In your opinion, is it acceptable that a woman leaves her husband if: | | |

| |A. The husband doesn’t support her and her children? |A. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |B. The husband beats her up? |B. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |C. The husband doesn’t satisfy her sexually? |C. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |D. The husband gets himself a lover? |D. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |E. The woman falls in love with another man? |E. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

|E8 |In your opinion, is it acceptable that a man leaves his wife if: | | |

| |A. The wife doesn’t cook well and doesn’t take care of house? |A. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |B. The wife nags him all the time? |B. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |C. The wife doesn’t satisfy him sexually? |C. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |D. The wife gets herself a lover? |D. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

| |E. The husband falls in love with another woman? |E. 1.Yes 2.No 98.DK | |

|E9 |In your opinion is it acceptable for a woman to spend money on family needs (such as food, school |1.Yes | |

| |material, children’s clothes, etc) without informing her husband? |2. No | |

| | |98. Don’t know/not sure | |

|E10 |In your opinion is it acceptable for a woman to spend money on her personal needs (such as clothes, |1.Yes | |

| |shoes, cosmetics, etc.) without informing her husband? |2.No | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|E11 |Do you think it is acceptable for a women to work outside the home (to earn money), even if her |1.Yes | |

| |husband is against that? |2.No | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|E12 |Do you think it is acceptable that a woman who doesn’t want to get pregnant uses contraception to |1.Yes | |

| |prevent pregnancy even if her husband is against that? |2. No | |

| | |98.Don’t know/not sure | |

|E13 |In your opinion, if a married man wants to move to a different village or town but his wife doesn’t |1. Husband’s | |

| |want to and they cannot come to a common decision, whose opinion should prevail? |2. Wife’s | |

| | |98. .Don’t know/not sure | |

|E14 |In your opinion, if a married woman wants to move to a different village or town but her husband |1. Husband’s | |

| |doesn’t want to and they cannot come to a common decision, whose opinion should prevail? |2. Wife’s | |

| | |98. .Don’t know/not sure | |

MODULE F. HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS AND LIVING CONDITIONS

|F1x. Now I would like to ask some questions about your household and living conditions |

|F1 |Now many rooms do you usually use for sleeping? | | |

| | |____ Number of rooms | |

|F2 |Tell me if in your household there are the following objects (in working conditions). | | |

| |A. Color TV | | |

| |B. Stereo system | | |

| |C. Video or DVD player |A. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| |D. Refrigerator or freezer |B. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| |E. Gas or electric stove |C. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| |F. Fixed line phone |D. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| |G. Motorcycle |E. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| |H. Automobile |F. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| | |G. 1 Yes 2 No | |

| | |H. 1 Yes 2 No | |

|F3 |Do personally have a mobile phone which you are currently using? |1. Yes | |

| | |2. No | |

|F4 |Does your family own or rent this residence? |1.Own ( ( |F6 |

| | |2.Rent | |

|F5 |How much is the monthly rent? If you pay in products, please tell me an approximate equivalent |A.______ amount | |

| |amount in drams or dollars. |B. Currency 1. Dram 2. Dollar | |

|F6 |What is the main construction material of the floor in your residence? |1. Dirt floor | |

| | |2. Basic wood | |

| | |3. Cement | |

| | |4. Parquet | |

| | |5. Tile | |

| | |96. Other _______________ | |

|F7 |Approximately how many hours during the day do you have electricity? |_____Hour | |

| | |98. Don’t know | |

|F8 |Where does your household get water from? |1. Piped water inside the house | |

| | |2. Piped water in the yard | |

| | |3. Own well | |

| | |4. Community well or fountain | |

| | |96 Other _________________ | |

|F9 |What is the primary type of fuel used for cooking in your household? |1 Wood | |

| | |2 Charcoal | |

| | |3. Gomaxt (dung) | |

| | |4 Kerosene | |

| | |5. Natural gas | |

| | |6 Electricity | |

| | |96.Other__________________ | |

|F10 |What kind of toilet does your home have? |1 Indoor flush toilet | |

| | |2. Outdoor toiler | |

| | |96 Other _________________ | |

|F11 |Does you household own agricultural land? |1.Yes | |

| | |2. No( ( |F13 |

|F12 |How much land does your household own? |_____ hectares | |

| | |98. Doesn’t know | |

|F13 |Does your household rent any agricultural land? |1.Yes | |

| | |2. No( ( |F15 |

|F14 |How much do you pay in rent? If you pay in products, please tell me an approximate equivalent |A.________ amount | |

| |amount in drams or dollars. |B. Currency 1. Dram 2. Dollar | |

|IF THE HOUSEHOLD HAS NO OWN OR RENTED LAND, SKIP( ( ( F18 | |

|F15 |Does your household sell produce from the fields, exchange it for other products or uses it only |1.Sell/exchange at least one part | |

| |for household consumption? |2. Use only for hh consumption( | |

| | | |F17 |

|F16 |Approximately how much money does your household make yearly from the sale of all the agricultural | | |

| |produce that you harvest? If you exchange it for other products, please tell me the approximate |A.________ amount | |

| |equivalent amount in drams or dollars. |B. Currency | |

| | |1. Dram 2. Dollar | |

|F17 |Does your household own any domestic animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, etc? |1.Yes | |

| | |2.No ( ( |F21 |

|F18 |I will read you a list of animals and ask you to tell me approximately how many of each does your | | |

| |household own? | | |

| |A. Cattle | | |

| |B. Sheep |A. ____ 98.Doesn’t know | |

| |C. Goats |B. ____ 98.Deosn’t know | |

| |D. Pigs |C. ____ 98.Deosn’t know | |

| |E. Chickens/ducks/geese |D. ____ 98.Deoesn’t know | |

| |F. Rabbits |E. ____ 98.Doesn’t know | |

| |Z. Other ___________ |F._____ 98.Doesn’t know | |

| | |Z. _____ 98.Doesn’t know | |

|F19 |Does your household sell animals or animal products, exchange it for other products, or use it only| | |

| |for household consumption? |1.Sell/exchange at least one part | |

| | |2. Use only for hh consumption( |F21 |

|F20 |Approximately how much money does your household make yearly from the sale of all animals and | | |

| |animal products? If you exchange them for other products, please tell approximate equivalent amount|A.______ Amount | |

| |in drams or dollars. |B. Currency 1. Dram 2. Dollar | |

|F21 |How much is your household’s overall income per month/year, including salaries, pensions, benefits,|A.___________ Amount | |

| |income from selling of agricultural products, etc? |B. Currency 1. Dram 2. Dollar | |

| | |C. Period 1.Month 2.Year | |

|F22 | |1. Richer | |

| |In your opinion, are the majority of households in your village richer than yours, poorer than |2. Poorer | |

| |yours, or have the same material level? |3.Have the same material level | |

| | |98. Doesn’t know/ not sure | |

|F23 |Please remember the last big purchase or expense of your household, one that was 25,000 drams or |0 Can’t recall any big purchase | |

| |more. Tell me please who made a final decision of that purchase? |1. I or mostly I | |

| | |2.Husband or mostly husband | |

| | |3. My husband and I together | |

| | |96.Other____________ | |

| | |98.Don’t remember | |

|F24 |In the past week how many days did you eat meat or chicken? | | |

| |A. Meat |A. Meat ____ 98.Don’t remember | |

| |B. Chicken |B. Chicken __ 98.Don’t remember | |

|F25 |In your opinion, a year from now will the material conditions of your household improve, worsen or |1. Will improve | |

| |stay more or less the same? |2. Will worsen | |

| | |3. Will stayed the same | |

| | |98. Not sure/difficult to say | |

|F26x.To end our interview, I would like to ask you about how you usually spend your typical day. Please tell me what you did last Wednesday and then last Sunday. |

|F26 | Approximately when did you get up and when did you go to sleep last Wednesday? |A. Get up ___ _ 98. Difficult to say | |

| | |B. Went to sleep_ __98.Difficult to say | |

|F27 |How much time did you spend on the following last Wednesday? |WRITE TIME IN HOURS AND FRACTIONS THEREOF | |

| | | | |

| |A. Working in the field |A.______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |B. Tending domestic animals |B. _____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |C. Doing work for which you got or expected to get an income (including you main paid activity) | | |

| |D. Preparing food |C._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |E. Cleaning, washing, etc |D._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |F. Making or mending clothes |E._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |G. Shopping | | |

| |H. Caring for the children and playing with them |F._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |I. Watching TV |G. _____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |J. Socializing with relatives, friends and neighbors |H. _____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |K. Taking a nap during the day |I. ______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| | | | |

| | |J. ______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| | |K. ______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

|F28 |Now let’s talk about Sunday. Approximately when did you get up and when did you go to sleep last |A. Get up ____ 98. Difficult to say | |

| |Sunday? |B.Go to sleep___98.Difficult to say | |

|F29 |How much time did you spend on the following last Sunday? |WRITE TIME IN HOURS AND FRACTIONS THEREOF | |

| | | | |

| |A. Working in the field |A.______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |B. Tending domestic animals |B. _____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |C. Doing work for which you got or expected to get an income (including you main paid activity) | | |

| |D. Preparing food |C._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |E. Cleaning, washing, etc |D._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |F. Making or mending clothes |E._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |G. Shopping | | |

| |H. Caring for the children and playing with them |F._____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |I. Watching TV |G. _____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |J. Socializing with relatives, friends and neighbors |H. _____ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |K. Taking a nap during the day |I. ______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| |L. Participating in a religious service | | |

| | |J. ______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| | |K. ______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

| | |L._______ 98. Doesn’t remember | |

These are all qustions which I wanted to ask you. Do you have any questions for me?

IF YOU CAN’T ANSWER THE RESPONDENT’S QUESTIONS, REFER HER TO THE CO-INVESTIGATORS OF THE PROJECT: Victor Agadjanyan /tel. 56 58 42, 093 38 99 63/ and Gohar Shahnazaryan /55 22 15, 093 24 42 09/.

Thank you for participating in our study!

WRITE THE TIME OF THE END OF INTERVIEW HERE AND ON THE FIRST PAGE___________

GIVE THE PRESENT TO THE RESPONDENT

If we want to revisit you in the future and talk about similar issues, will you mind if we do it?

1.Yes 2.No FUTURE

IF THE ANSWER IS “YES” AKS THE NAME AND SURNAME OF RESPONDENT AND ADDRESS OR ANY OTHER CONTACT INFORMATION. STRESS THAT INFORMATION IS FULLY CONFIDENTIAL AND WILL BE USED ONLY IF WE DECIDE TO REVISIT THE REPONDENT IN THE FUTURE.

INFORMATION ABOUT RESPONDENT.

INTERVIEWR’S NOTES

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C29

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