Anatomy and Physiology | class web site
A&P I 2013 Comp Exam Name ____________________________________________RussoFigure 12.1Using Fig. 12.1, Match the following:1) White fiber tractsAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 440; Fig. 12.102) ThalamusAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 440; Fig. 12.103) PonsAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 440; Fig. 12.104) HypothalamusAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 440; Fig. 12.105) Medulla OblongataAnswer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 440; Fig. 12.10Multiple Choice6) Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?A) central fissureB) longitudinal fissureC) parieto-occipital fissureD) lateral fissureAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 431; Fig. 12.4Figure 15.3Using Figure 15.3, match the following:7) Acts as a reflexively activated diaphragm to vary pupil size.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 548-549; Fig15.48) The only tissue in the body that can be transplanted from one person to another with little or no rejection.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 548-549; Fig15.49) Controls lens shape.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 548-549; Fig15.410) Holds the retina firmly against the pigmented layer.Answer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: 548, 551 Fig15.411) Fluid blockages cause glaucoma.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 548, 553 Fig15.4Match the following:A) VestibuleB) Pharyngotympanic tubeC) Tympanic membraneD) Otoliths12) Ear stones.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 58013) Connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 57214) Separates external acoustic meatus from the middle ear.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 57215) Contains utricle and saccule.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 57616) Detects linear acceleration.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 573Answers: 12) D 13) B 14) C 15) A 16) AT/F17) The acidity of a solution reflects the free hydrogen ions in the solutionAnswer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 40-4118) A chemical bond is an energy relationship between outer electrons and neighboring atoms.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 3119) All organic compounds contain carbon.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 4120) A dipeptide can be broken into two amino acids by dehydration synthesis.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 48; Fig. 2.1821) The pH of body fluids must remain fairly constant for the body to maintain homeostasis.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 40-4122) Mixtures are combinations of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but are not bound by chemical bonds.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 29Multiple Choice23) Select the correct statement about isotopes.A) Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but differ in their atomic masses.B) All the isotopes of an element have the same number of neutrons but differing numbers of electrons.C) All the isotopes of an element are radioactive.D) Isotopes occur only in the heavier elements.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 2724) The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are ________.A) carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, calciumB) nitrogen, hydrogen, calcium, sodiumC) carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogenD) sodium, potassium, hydrogen, oxygenAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 26; Tbl. 2.125) ________ is fat soluble, produced in the skin on exposure to UV radiation, and necessary for normal bone growth and function.A) Vitamin KB) CortisolC) Vitamin AD) Vitamin DAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 46; Tbl. 2.2Match the following:A) NucleusB) MicrotubulesC) Endoplasmic reticulumD) RibosomesE) Nucleoli26) Plays a role in the synthesis of steroid-based hormones and proteins.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 94; Table 3.327) The actual site of protein synthesis.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 94; Table 3.328) Hollow cytoskeletal elements that act as organizers for the cytoskeleton.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 95; Table 3.329) Dense spherical bodies in the nucleus that are the synthesis site for ribosomal RNA.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 96; Table 3.330) Houses DNA and RNA.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 95; Table 3.3Answers: 26) C 27) D 28) B 29) E 30) AMultiple Choice31) What moves cell organelles from one location to another inside a cell?A) Motor proteinsB) MicrotubulesC) MicrofilamentsD) Intermediate filamentsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 88-8932) Once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole, which of the following statements best describes what happens?A) A ribosome enters the vacuole and uses the amino acids in the "invader" to form new protein.B) A lysosome combines with the vacuole and digests the enclosed solid material.C) The vacuole remains separated from the cytoplasm and the solid material persists unchanged.D) The phagocytized material is stored until further breakdown can occur..Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 86-8733) Riboswitches are folded RNAs that act as switches to turn protein synthesis on or off in response to ________.A) changes in the environmentB) specific tRNAsC) specific codes from the DNAD) the presence or absence of ubiquitinsAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 10534) Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?A) circulating antibodyB) molecular transport through the membraneC) forms a lipid bilayerD) oxygen transportAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 65-66; Fig. 3.435) Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA?A) Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis.B) If the base sequence of DNA is ATTGCA, the messenger RNA template will be UCCAGU.C) There is exactly one specific type of mRNA for each amino acid.D) rRNA is always attached to the rough ER.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 10236) Which of the following would not be a constituent of a plasma membrane?A) glycolipidsB) messenger RNAC) glycoproteinsD) phospholipidsAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 63-6537) Mitosis ________.A) is the formation of sex cellsB) is division of the nucleusC) creates diversity in genetic potentialD) is always a part of the cell cycleAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 9838) The electron microscope has revealed that one of the components within the cell consists of pinwheel array of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged to form a hollow tube. This structure is a ________.A) centrosomeB) centrioleC) chromosomeD) ribosomeAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 8939) ________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane.A) Stratified cuboidalB) Stratified columnarC) TransitionalD) Pseudostratified columnarAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 120-12240) A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as ________.A) simple cuboidalB) simple squamousC) transitionalD) stratified squamousAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 12241) Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.A) Simple epithelia form impermeable barriers.B) Stratified epithelia are tall, narrow cells.C) Stratified epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important.D) Pseudostratified epithelia consist of at least two layers of cells stacked on top of one another.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 11942) Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.A) interstitial growth of the epiphyseal platesB) the secretion of bone matrix into the medullary cavityC) differentiation of osteoclasts into osteocytesD) calcification of the matrix of the zone underlying articular cartilageAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 185-18643) Growth of bones is controlled by a symphony of hormones. Which hormone is of greatest importance for bone growth during infancy and childhood?A) thyroid hormoneB) somatomedinsC) growth hormoneD) prolactinAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 186-18744) In some cases the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early. What might be the cause?A) overproduction of thyroid hormoneB) elevated levels of sex hormonesC) too much vitamin D in the dietD) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activityAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 186T/F45) A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 407-41046) If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 38947) The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 38748) The autonomic nervous system is under voluntary control; whereas, the somatic nervous system is involuntary.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 38749) Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 406Multiple Choice50) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________.A) a change in sodium ion permeabilityB) hyperpolarizationC) opening of voltage-regulated channelsD) lowering the threshold for an action potential to occurAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 41151) Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________.A) astrocytesB) oligodendrocytesC) microgliaD) Schwann cellsAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 38952) Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________.A) ependymal cellsB) microgliaC) oligodendrocytesD) astrocytesAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 39053) Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open?A) sodiumB) chlorideC) calciumD) potassiumAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 40154) During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?A) myosin filamentsB) actin filamentsC) Z discsD) thick filamentsAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 28955) Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?A) perimysiumB) endomysiumC) epimysiumD) fascicleAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 278; Fig. 9.1T/F56) A resting potential is caused by a difference in the concentration of certain ions inside and outside the cell.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 28657) The effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 28658) When a muscle fiber contracts, the I bands diminish in size, the H zones disappear, and the A bands do not diminish in length.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 28559) The thin filaments (actin) contain a polypeptide subunit G actin that bears active sites for myosin attachment.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 281Multiple Choice60) After nervous stimulation stops, what prevents ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction?A) calcium ions returning to the terminal cisternaeB) the tropomyosin blocking the myosin once full contraction is achievedC) acetylcholinesterase destroying the AChD) the action potential stops going down the overloaded T tubulesAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 286Xtra Credit (1 point each)1) Which of the following does not serve as a signal for cell division?A) repressor genesB) joining of cyclins and CdksC) loss of contact inhibitionD) shrinking surface-to-volume ratioAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 992) Caveolae are closely associated with all of the following except ________.A) lipid raftsB) receptors for hormonesC) enzymes involved in cell regulationD) enzymes involved in cell metabolismAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 763) Normal bone formation and growth are dependent on the adequate intake of ________.A) calcium, phosphate, and vitamin DB) potassium, phosphate, and vitamin DC) sodium, calcium, and vitamin ED) vitamin D, phosphate, and chlorideAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 1874) If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________.A) the impulse would move to the axon terminal onlyB) muscle contraction would occurC) the impulse would spread bidirectionallyD) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only, and the muscle contraction would occurAnswer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 400-4015) Which of the following statements is most accurate?A) Muscle tension remains relatively constant during isotonic contraction.B) T tubules may be sliding during isotonic contraction.C) The I band lengthens during isotonic contraction.D) Myofilaments slide during isometric contractions.Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 297-298 ................
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