WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS FOR THE REACTANTS AND …
Lab - Writing Chemical Equations
PRE-LAB
1. What do the following physical state symbols mean when they are written behind chemical formulas?
(s) (g)
(l) (aq)
2. What is the role of the catalyst in a chemical reaction?
3. What is a precipitate?
4. What does the term diatomic mean?
5. List the seven elements that are diatomic in the elemental state?
PROCEDURE:
Reaction #1: Pour 3.0 mL of hydrogen peroxide into a clean test tube. Add a very small amount of manganese (IV) oxide to the hydrogen peroxide in the test tube. The manganese (IV) oxide is called a catalyst. Test the gas bubbles given off during the reaction with a glowing wooden splint. The splint should relight. This a positive test for the gas oxygen. The colorless liquid that is formed is water.
1. Write the correct chemical formulas for the reactant and products of reaction #1.
Write a physical state symbol behind each formula. Balance the equation.
Hydrogen peroxide ( water + oxygen
______________ ( ) ( _________ ( ) + _____________ ( )
2. What is the reactant in reaction #1?
3. Classify Reaction #1
Reaction #2: Pour 3.0 mL of hydrochloric acid into a clean test tube. Add a small piece of magnesium metal to the test tube. Test the gas given off during the reaction with a lighted or flaming splint. The gas should explode. This is a positive test for hydrogen gas. The colorless solution is magnesium chloride.
4. Write the correct chemical formulas for the reactants and products of reaction #2.
Write the physical state symbol behind each formula. Balance the equation.
Magnesium + hydrochloric acid ( magnesium chloride + hydrogen
___________ ( ) + __________ ( ) ( __________ ( ) + ___________ ( )
5. What are the reactants in reaction # 2?
6. Classify Reaction #2
Reaction #3: Pour 3.0 mL of a sodium chloride solution into a clean test tube. Add 6 drops of silver nitrate solution into the test tube. Stopper and shake the contents of the test tube. A precipitate (an insoluble solid formed during a chemical reaction) should appear suspended in a colorless solution. The precipitate is silver chloride and the colorless solution is sodium nitrate. What color is the precipitate? _______________
7. Write the correct chemical formulas for the reactants and products of reaction #3.
Write a physical state symbol behind each formula. Balance the equation.
Sodium chloride + silver nitrate ( silver chloride + sodium nitrate
__________ ( ) + ____________ ( ) ( __________ ( ) + ____________ ( )
8. What are the products in the reaction # 3?
9. Classify Reaction #3
Reaction #4: Pour 3.0 mL of acetic acid solution into a clean test tube. Add a small scoop of sodium bicarbonate to the acid in the test tube. A colorless gas is formed, as well as a colorless solution. The colorless solution is sodium acetate and liquid water. Test the gas given off during the reaction with a lighted or flaming splint. The flame should go out. This is a positive test for carbon dioxide gas.
10. Write the correct chemical formulas for the reactants and products of reaction #4.
Write a physical state symbol behind each formula. Balance the equation.
acetic acid + sodium bicarbonate ( sodium acetate + water + carbon dioxide
_________ ( ) + _________ ( ) ( ________ ( ) + ________ ( ) + _________ ( )
11. Classify Reaction #4
Reaction #5: Pour 3.0 mL of sodium iodide solution into a clean test tube. Add 5 drops of lead (II) nitrate to the test tube. Stopper and shake the contents of the test tube. A precipitate should appear suspended in a colorless solution. The precipitate is lead (II) iodide and the colorless solution is sodium nitrate. What color is the precipitate? ____________
12. Write the correct chemical formula for the reactants and products of reaction #5.
Write a physical state symbol behind each formula. Balance the equation.
Lead (II) nitrate + sodium iodide ( lead (II) iodide + sodium nitrate
__________ ( ) + __________ ( ) ( __________ ( ) + ___________ ( )
13. Classify Reaction #5
Reaction #6: Use tweezers to insert a small piece of magnesium into a flame. Do not look directly at the light. Use cobalt glass to protect your eyes. The solid magnesium reacts with oxygen in the air to produce a solid white magnesium oxide.
14. Write the correct chemical formulas for the reactant and products of reaction #6.
Write a physical state symbol behind each formula. Balance the equation.
Magnesium + oxygen ( magnesium oxide
______________ ( ) + ____________ ( ) ( _____________ ( )
15. What is the evidence a reaction occurred?
16. Classify Reaction #6
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