Lab 21: Stoichiometry – Decomposition of Baking Soda



Stoichiometry – Decomposition of Baking SodaFor our soul is humbled down to the dust. Psalms 43:25 Lab Report for: _______________________________TABLE 1 – Data Collection Table1Mass of empty crucible2Mass of crucible + baking soda3Mass of baking soda BEFORE heating (Line 2 – Line 1 = Line 3)4MOLES of baking soda BEFORE heating5Mass of solid and crucible AFTER heating6Mass of solid remaining in crucible (Line 5 – Line 1 = Line 6)7Change in mass by heating (gas/gases)(Line 3 – Line 6 = Line 7)NOTE to STUDENT: Often students do not review their data with respect to the chemical reaction they have just performed. Take a moment to review Table 1 and Question 1 before proceeding. Notice that there are 3 highlighted lines corresponding to either the Reactant or the Products of interest. You will use these in your stoichiometric calculations.Line 3: Reactant – Baking Soda or Sodium BicarbonateLine 6: Remaining solid. You will determine if it is sodium oxide, sodium hydroxide, or sodium carbonateLine 7: Gas or Gases – You will determine if it is carbon dioxide alone, or carbon dioxide and water. This is the type of initial analysis that you should make in each experiment that you encounter. TABLE 1 – Using StoichiometryTheoretical and Actual Yield of Solid ProductREACTIONSTOICHIOMETRIC CALCULATIONSTHEORETICAL YIELD OF SOLID PRODUCT (g)ACTUAL YIELD (g)Reaction AReaction BReaction CData AnalysisThere are 3 possible decomposition reactions for sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). Write a balanced chemical equation for each. Reaction A:Sodium bicarbonate (s) sodium oxide (s) + carbon dioxide (g) + water (g)___________________________________________________________________________Reaction B:Sodium bicarbonate (s) sodium hydroxide (s) + carbon dioxide (g) ___________________________________________________________________________Reaction C:Sodium bicarbonate (s) sodium carbonate (s) + carbon dioxide (g) + water (g)___________________________________________________________________________Based on the Theoretical Yield and the Actual Yield (Table 2), determine which of the three reactions occurred in the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate. Explain your answer.What was the solid product remaining in the crucible after heating?What gas – or gases were released from sodium bicarbonate upon heating?Discuss three experimental sources of error with this procedure. In the “Introduction” we discussed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide:2 H2O2 2 H2O + O2Why is it necessary to relate the quantities in a chemical reaction to moles rather than grams?What is the mole ratio between hydrogen peroxide and oxygen in the balanced equation?How many grams of H2O2 are required to produce 10.00 g of O2? Show your work. ................
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