Tidal Volume (TV) - is the volume of air that is breathed ...



Respiratory System Lab 1. Lung ModelThe lung model works by simulating our lungs and diaphragm. As you move the diaphragm down, the lungs will partially inflate. As you move the diaphragm up, the lungs will deflate. The rubber stopper in the top of the model simulates your trachea, which sends air into the lungs. Operate the model a few times, moving the diaphragm up and down. For each of the following cases, check the column appropriate to your observations on the operation of the model lung. Diaphragm UpDiaphragm DownChange observedIncreasedDecreasedIncreasedDecreasedInternal volume of bell jar (thoracic cage)Internal pressureSize of balloons (lungs) Analysis Questions: 1. Under what conditions does air flow into the lungs? Out of the lungs? 2. Activation of the diaphragm and intercostals muscles begins the inspiration process. What effect does the contraction of these muscles have on thoracic volume? 2. Thoracic ObservationsUsing the tape measure provided, determine your partner’s chest circumference in the following situations. Place the tape measure in the auxiliary region of your partner’s chest. If you feel uncomfortable working with your partner, you may take your own readings. Quiet Breathing (Breathing Normally)Inspiration ____________________________Expiration ________________________Forced Breathing (Taking Deep Breaths) Inspiration ____________________________Expiration ________________________Analysis Questions: 1. What was the approximate increase in diameter of chest circumference during quiet inspiration? ___________________________________2. What was the approximate increase in diameter of chest circumference during forced inspiration?___________________________________3. Respiratory SoundsAs air flows in and out of the respiratory tree, it produces two unique sounds that you can hear via the stethoscope. The bronchial sounds are produced when air rushes through the trachea and bronchi. Vesicular breathing sounds are a result of air filling the alveolar sacs in the lungs and resembles the sounds of a rustling or muffled breeze. -Obtain a stethoscope -Place the stethoscope on the throat of your lab partner just below the larynx. Listen for bronchial sounds with inspiration and expiration. -Place the stethoscope on your partner’s BACK in the following areas and listen for vesicular breathing-Intercostal spaces (between the ribs) -The area medial to the inferior portion of the scapula (triangle of auscultation) Analysis Questions: 1. Which was easier to hear, bronchial breathing sounds or vesicular breathing sounds? _____________________________________________2. Where did you best hear the vesicular breathing sounds? _________________________________4. Respiratory Volumes and Capacities - SpirometryThere are three volumes that we are going to test for in this lab: Tidal Volume, Expiratory Reserve Volume, and Vital Capacity.Tidal Volume (TV) - is the volume of air that is breathed in and out during a normal respiration cycle. The average TV is .5 liters.Breathing normally, exhale one normal (not forced) breath into the dry spirometer. Record your TV - ______________ mlExpiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) - is the volume of air that can be expired forcibly after a normal expiration. The average ERV is 1 L.Breathe in normally, exhale one normal (not forced) breath and then blow as much air as you can into the dry spirometer before you take in another breath.Record your ERV - _______________ mlVital Capacity (VC) - is the maximum volume of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort. The average VC is 4.5 L.Breathe in as much as possible and then blow as much as possible into the dry spirometer.Record your VC - ________________ ml ................
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