Wappingers Central School District / Overview



VIETNAM ERACh.27The United States became involved in the fighting in Vietnam becauseA. the United Nations sent American troops there.B. the Soviet Union asked the United States for help.C. the United States wanted to keep the communists from taking over.D. the American public demanded that the government send troops in. One reason the United States became involved in the Vietnam War was toA. prevent the spread of communism in Southeast Asia.B. reduce French influence in Vietnam.C. stop China from seizing Vietnam.D. support the government of North Vietnam.What was one major result of the Watergate controversy?A. Presidential veto power was expanded.B. The president resigned from office.C. Congressional power was reduced.D. The Supreme Court was weakened.The domino theory was used by the United States as justification forA. participating in the Vietnam War (1960's-1970's).B. extending diplomatic recognition to the People's Republic of China (1979).C. negotiating with Iran to release American hostages (1979-1980).D. sending armed forces to the Middle East (1990-1991).The United States became involved in the Korean and Vietnam conflicts mainly toA. reestablish the colonial interests of European allies in the Far East.B. gain better access to resources and markets in Asia.C. respond to direct military attacks on the United States.D. attempt to control the spread of communism.A similarity between the Korean War and the Vietnam War is that each wasA. a reaction to attacks on American territory.B. an effort during the Cold War to contain the spread of communism.C. continually supported by the American public.D. fought by individual nations under United Nations command.The United States became involved in the fighting in Vietnam becauseA. the United Nations sent American troops there.B. the Soviet Union asked the United States for help.C. the United States wanted to keep the communists from taking over.D. the American public demanded that the government send troops in. Ch.26 CIVIL RIGHTSThe Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed in an effort to correctA. racial discrimination.B. limitations on freedom of speech.C. unfair immigration quotas.D. segregation in the armed forces."Rosa Parks Arrested""Supreme Court Rules Against School Segregation""Martin Luther King, Jr. Speaks at March on Washington"Which movement is best represented by these newspaper headlines?A. abolitionistB. PopulistC. ProgressiveD. civil rights"Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." - Brown V. Board of EducationThe effect of this Supreme Court ruling was toA. establish affirmative action programs in higher education.B. require the integration of public schools.C. desegregate the armed forces and military academies.D. force states to spend an equal amount on each public school student.The major goal of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s was toA. establish a separate political state for African Americans.B. gain passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution.C. end segregation based on race.D. permit unlimited immigration to the United States.When Rosa Parks was arrested for not moving for a white person on a bus, the blacks in Montgomery decided toA. boycott the bus system.B. take no action.C. move to Montgomery.D. violently resist the decision.The Brown v. Board of Education decision, the Montgomery bus boycott, and the 1963 March on Washington were all efforts toA. protect freedom of speech as guaranteed by the Bill of Rights.B. guarantee civil rights to all citizens of the United States.C. promote economic reform.D. end the persecution of the McCarthy era.Which method was used by Martin Luther King, Jr., to protest social injustice?A. formation of GreenpeaceC. armed rebellionB. civil disobedience D. support for a new political partyIn Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the Supreme Court ruled thatA. schools must be desegregated with all deliberate speed.B. the armed forces must be integrated.C. the bus boycott in Montgomery was illegal.D. lunch counter sit-ins were illegal.THE COLD WARCh.25One similarity between the League of Nations and the United Nations is that both were created toA. establish and international armed force to police trouble spots in the world.B. manage the development of industry in economically distressed nations.C. prevent international disputes from escalating into major wars.D. bring democratic government to member nations.In 1940, 50 nations established an organization of nations to discuss problems and avoid war.A. United Nations.B. League of Nations.C. Warsaw Pact.D. Bretton Woods Agreement.“United States Airlift Supplies to Berlin”“U-2 Spy Plane Shot Down Over Soviet Union”“Soviet Missiles Placed in Cuba”These headlines discuss events duringA. Stalin’s Reign of Terror.B. World War II.C. the Cold War.D. the post-Cold War era.The fall of the Berlin Wall was followed byA. an end to democratic rule in Germany.B. the rise of a Neo-Nazi movement in Spain.C. an expansion of the Warsaw Pact.D. the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union.“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.”-- Winston Churchill (1946)This statement refers to theA. beginning of the Cold War.B. unification of Germany.C. end of World War I.D. Russian Revolution.The end of the Cold War is best symbolized by theA. establishment of the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan.B. formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.C. withdrawal of United Nation forces from Somalia and from Kuwait.D. destruction of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany.What was one result of World War II?A. The arms race ended.B. The Cold War ended.C. Communism was eliminated.D. Two superpowers emerged.After World War II, the Marshall Plan was proposed as a way toA. improve diplomatic relations with the Soviet UnionB. help European nations recover economically.C. remove nuclear weapons from Western Europe.D. bring Nazi war criminals to justice.The Truman Doctrine was originally designed toA. stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons.B. contain communism by giving aid to Greece and Turkey.C. use the United Nations as a tool to eliminate threats posed by the Soviet Union.D. rebuild Southeast Asia by extending economic aid.The main reason for proposing the Marshall Plan was toA. establish spheres of influence in China.B. limit communist influence in Western Europe.C. establish American neutrality in the Cold War.D. prevent European intervention in the Western Hemisphere.The main reason for providing aid to Europe under the Marshall Plan was toA. guarantee American factories a supply of cheap raw materials.B. create disagreements between Western European nations.C. encourage the Soviet Union to withdraw from the United Nations.D. rebuild the economies of European nations.The Berlin Airlift involvedA. sending supplies to Berlin to end a blockade.B. bombing Berlin in early1945.C. removing the Soviets from East Germany.D. bringing American citizens out of Berlin which was about to fall to Communism.What was the Soviet organization formed in response to NATO?A. United NationsB. Warsaw PactC. Moscow Treaty OrganizationD. Yalta ConferenceDuring the Cold War Era (1945-1990), the United States and the Soviet Union were reluctant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because ofA. the peacekeeping role of the United Nations.B. pressure from nonaligned nations.C. the potential for global nuclear war.D. increased tensions in the Middle East.Which statement about the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) is most accurate?A. The crisis showed that the United States and the Soviet Union could agree on total disarmament.B. The crisis brought the two major world powers very close to war.C. The United States wanted to establish missile sites in Cuban territory.D. The Communist government in Cuba was overthrown.What was one result of the launch of Sputnik in 1957?A. Americans feared the Soviets could launch missiles into outer space.B. The Soviets were the first nation to reach the moon.C. The Soviets uses the satellite as an important military tool.D. The Soviets were able to gain more respect from the international community.The Marshall Plan provided economic aid after World War II in order toA. strengthen Western European nations against communism.B. assist soldiers returning to civilian life.C. help Japan rebuild damage caused by the atomic bombs.D. raise the standard of living in Asia and Africa. The United Nations was intended to be A. a group of nations joined to fight the Soviet Union. B. a group of nations joined to fight Nazi Germany. C. an international organization that could settle disputes between nations. D. a group of nations that joined to fight the spread of communism after World War II. The Marshall Plan, the Berlin airlift, and the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were all steps taken by the United States during theA. Cold War. C. Vietnam War.B. Korean War. D. Persian Gulf War.Base your answer to question the next question on the web diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies.Which label best completes this web diagram?A. United States Domestic PolicyC. Monroe DoctrineB. Cold War Clashes D. Tensions in EuropeWORLD WAR IICh.24The event that started the beginning of World War II wasA. the German invasion of Poland.B. the German merger with Austria.C. the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.D. the Italian invasion of Ethiopia.Which event brought the United States directly into World War II?A. the sinking of the Lusitania by Germany.B. the invasion of Poland by Germany.C. the murder of many Jews throughout Europe.D. the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japan.The immediate cause of the United States entry into World War II was that the United StatesA. had to fulfill its collective security agreements with Western European nations.B. felt it necessary to defend the principle of freedom of the seas.C. Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor.D. was ready to use its superior military and atomic capabilities.“Kamikaze” wasA. a fighter plane used for suicide missions by Japanese pilots in World War II.B. the Japanese plan to win World War II by preemptively attacking the U.S..C. the Japanese honorable method of committing suicide with a short sword.D. the Japanese operation which planned to invade the U.S. via California.The Lend-Lease ActA. lent the Allies supplies to be paid for after the war.B. prevented the Axis from charging towards America.C. convinced war hawks not to support joining the war.D. helped the French fight off German invasion.“Island hopping” wasA. the Spanish plan for expansion during the early 16th century.B. the American strategy of taking the Philippines in the Spanish American War.C. the Allied strategy used to defeat Japan in World War II.D. the American strategy for liberalizing Asian nations for trade in the 1850s and 1860s.On “D-Day” the AlliesA. invaded Normandy, France.B. landed on the Solomon Islands.C. pushed the German forces out of Stalingrad.D. bombed the Germans at Dresden.During World War II, many women experienced a change in role in that theyA. served in military combat positions.B. worked in jobs formerly held by men.C. controlled most corporations.D. chaired several congressional committees.Which World War II action was later determined to be a violation of civil liberties?A. rationing of scarce commoditiesB. employment of women in factoriesC. internment of Japanese AmericansD. use of military draftWhich situation was a direct result of the Holocaust and other atrocities committed by the Nazis during World War II?A. development of the Cold WarB. war crimes trials in NurembergC. formation of the League of NationsD. separation of Germany into Eastern and Western zonesThe reason President Harry Truman decided to use atomic weapons against Japan was toA. end the war while limiting the loss of American lives.B. punish the Japanese people by destroying their country.C. increase Japan’s potential as a future aggressor.D. divert forces to fight Germany.The war crime trials of Germany and Japanese military officials following World War II established thatA. it is difficult to convict leaders of crimes against humanity.B. civil liberties must be expanded for civilians during wartime.C. individuals can be held responsible for wartime atrocities against civilians.D. genocidal acts are acceptable during wartimeAtomic bombs were dropped during World War II onA. Tokyo and Yokohama.B. Sapporo and Kobe.C. Fukoka and Kyoto.D. Hiroshima and Nagasaki.President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1940 Lend-Lease program was created toA. expand New Deal programs to help sharecroppers.B. provide war materials to the Allied powers without the US fighting in Europe. C. relocate Japanese Americans.D. establish the United Nations.Which event was the immediate cause of the entrance of the U.S. into World War II?A. The invasion of Poland by the Soviet Union.B. Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia.C. Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor.D. Germany’s conquest of France.During World War II, the federal government reacted to shortages of various goods byA. raising prices to increase consumer demand.B. rationing certain products.C. increasing imports when shortages develop.D. imposing a national sales tax.Base your answer to the following question on the poster below and your knowledge of social studies. The main idea of this World War II poster is that womenA. helped the war effort by working in factories and defense plants.B. served in the military without national recognition.C. were denied admission to the military.D. had major responsibility for planning military strategy.Which group later received an apology and money from the federal government as a result of their internment during World War II?A. German AmericansC. Mexican AmericansB. Japanese AmericansD. Italian Americans Read the following headlines and then the answer next question. “Nuremberg Laws Take Away Jewish Citizenship in Germany”“Synagogues and Jewish-Owned Businesses Destroyed Across Germany”“Mass Extermination of Jewish People, Other Victims at Auschwitz”These headlines are most directly associated with theA. German blitzkrieg.C. Manhattan Project.B. Holocaust.D. building of the Berlin Wall. President Harry Truman made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima because heA. believed America should win the war in Asia firstB. did not want the Soviet Union to obtain atomic technologyC. wanted to shift focus away from economic problems at homeD. wanted to end the war quickly and save American livesThe Marshall Plan provided economic aid after World War II in order toA. strengthen Western European nations against communism.B. assist soldiers returning to civilian life.C. help Japan rebuild damage caused by the atomic bombs.D. raise the standard of living in Asia and Africa.Ch.23 THE GREAT DEPRESSION Which New Deal program still exists today?A. Works Progress AdministrationB. Federal Emergency Relief AdministrationC. Civilian Conservation CorpsD. Social Security AdministrationBase your answer to next question on the photograph below and on your knowledge of social studies. As a way of criticizing the federal government during the early 1930s, areas such as those shown in this photograph were often referred to asA. tenements. C. Levittowns.B. ghettos. D. HoovervillesBase your answers to the next two questions on the graph below and on your knowledge of social studies.During the Great Depression, unemployment reached its highest level betweenA. 1928 and 1930. C.1932 and 1934.B. 1930 and 1932. D.1934 and 1936. If the graph were extended through 1945, unemployment would continue to show a decrease due to theA. increased production of military supplies.B. elimination of child labor.C. decrease in college enrollment.D. adoption of workmen’s compensation insurance.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Base your answer to the next question on the graphic organizer below and on your knowledge of social studies.What is an appropriate title for this graphic organizer?A. Reforms Related to the Progressive EraB. Events Associated with the Great DepressionC. Programs Proposed by the Square DealD. Economic Problems Occurring After World War IIThe Great Depression was caused in part byA. increasing government support of big business.B. the overuse of credit and installment buying.C. high wages and low unemployment.D. the scarcity of farm products.Which event is most closely associated with the end of the Great Depression?A. passage of the Social Security ActB. beginning of World War IIC. reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940D. announcement of the Marshall PlanCh.22 THE ROARING TWENTIESWhat was a major result of Prohibition in the United States during the 1920s?A. restriction of immigrationB. growth of communismC. destruction of family valuesD. increase in organized crimeThe Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s can best be described asA. an organization created to help promote African-American businesses.B. a movement that sought to draw people back to inner cities.C. a relief program to provide jobs for minority workers.D. a period of great achievement by African-American writers, artists, and performers.A study of the "flappers" of the 1920's would indicate thatA. some women rejected traditional feminine rolesB. many women were elected to national political office.C. women were fired from traditionally male occupations.D. the earning power of women was equal to that of men in the same occupation.Which event of the 1920's promoted pride in the African American culture?A. Red ScareB. Harlem RenaissanceC. Sacco-Vanzetti trailD. resurgence of the Ku Klux KlanSpeakeasies wereA. illegal bars run by bootleggers during prohibition.B. stops on the underground railroad before the civil war.C. places in Vietnam where American soldiers went during the Vietnam War.D. French rest stops for American soldiers during World War II.“Flappers” wereA. independent, young women in the 1920s.B. men who waved flags indicating surrender in the Revolutionary War.C. women who fought for suffrage rights against the will of their husbands.D. supporters of the War of 1812.In the 1920s, a revived Ku Klux KlanA. was against new technology.B. claimed to defend white interests against blacks, Roman Catholics, Jews, and Communists.C. used nonviolent methods of protest.D. failed to win followers outside of the South.What was one main reason for the rise of organized crime during the 1920s?A. More people were living in rural areas.B. The manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages was illegal.C. Federal laws limited the power of the police.D. The automobile improved access to suburban areas.Ch.21 WORLD WAR IWhat was the immediate cause of the outbreak of World War I (1914)?A. formation of secret alliancesB. competition over Asian and African coloniesC. accumulation of arms and weaponsD. assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of AustriaIn 1914, fighting increased rapidly from a local conflict in Europe to a world war becauseA. several nations had colonies in the region.B. southeastern Europe was a major oil producing area.C. powerful nations had opposing alliances.D. the League of Nations failed in its efforts to achieve a cease-fire.Which of the following was the most characteristic of warfare in World War I?A. air raidsC. trench warfare B. cavalry chargesD. blitzkrieg The United States was drawn into World War I mainly because ofA. exaggerated stories by yellow journalists.B. the unrestricted use of submarine warfare.C. a direct attack on an American military base.D. commitments made to the United Nations. President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points was a plan toA. acquire European colonies. C. prevent future wars.B. control European trade. D. limit imports to the United StatesThe U.S. Senate would not allow the United States to join the League of Nations because it was thought thatA. membership would involve the U.S. in world affairs too much.B. Germany would be a member.C. Communist countries would control the League.D. the League was too weak.At the beginning of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson continued the traditional foreign policy of the United States byA. asking Congress to declare war against Germany.B. refusing to allow trade with either side.C. adopting a policy of neutrality.D. sending troops to aid Britain and France.At the outbreak of World War I in 1914, most Americans believed thatA. their country should stay out of the war.B. sending direct aid to Russia was necessary and desirable.C. the government should immediately declare war against Germany.D. the government should be more concerned with conditions in the Far East than with events in Europe.Woodrow Wilson's first reaction to World War I was toA. move the U.S. toward war.B. declare neutrality.C. draw up plans to invade Europe.D. develop its new fighter planes.Which situation was the immediate cause of the United States entry into World War I in 1917?A. the League of Nations requested help.B. The Maine was blown up in Havana Harbor.C. Nazi tyranny threatened Western Democracy.D. German submarines sank United States merchant ships.The "Zimmerman Note" wasA. a note from Khrushchev to Fidel Castro to fire missiles in Cuba.B. a note from Spain to the Philippines warning of U.S. invasion.C. a note from Germany to Mexico encouraging them to work against the US.D. a note from the US to France warning of Nazism.World War I began with A. the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.B. the invasion of Poland.C. the German invasion of France.D. the Battle of a Britain.The sinking of what ship helped incite the American public against the Germans in World War I?A. The ConstitutionB. The TitanicC. The LusitaniaD. The MerrimacPresident Wilson's peace plan for World War I in which he called for peace without victory wasA. The Versailles treaty.B. The Fourteen Points.C. The Portsmouth Treaty.D. The Four Freedoms.Many senators who opposed United States membership in the League of Nations argued that joining the League wouldA. involve the nation in future wars.B. reduce freedom of the seas.C. end the country's free-trade policy.D. danger the nation's military.Imperialism was a cause of World War I mainly because itA. encouraged nations to establish trade relations.B. created conflicts between nations over colonies.C. supported military dictators throughout Europe.D. discouraged participation in the League of Nations.Ch.20 THE UNITED STATES LOOKS OVERSEASThroughout the 1800's, an increased need for both raw materials and new markets for manufactured goods led various European nations to pursue policies ofA. imperialism. C. isolationismB. socialism. D. communism.."Seward's Folly" referred toA. William Seward's decision to press for Congressional Reconstruction.B. William Seward's decision to push Maximillion out of Mexico.C. William Seward's purchase of Alaska.D. William Seward's support of Andrew Jackson.A major reason the United States began to seek colonies during the late 1890's was that theA. Monroe Doctrine required such action.B. expansion of American industry made gaining new markets and resources desirable.C. overpopulation within the United States became more severe.D. cold-war rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union had heightened.The chief reason the United States built the Panama Canal was to A. close the Western Hemisphere to new European colonization.B. reduce the travel time for commercial and military shipping.C. promote an isolationist foreign policy.D. prevent the spread of communism.The main purpose of the Open Door policy, announced by the United States in 1899, was toA. encourage the introduction of modern government into China.B. establish United States domination of Asian affairs.C. increase United States trade with China.D. provide China with military weapons.Which of the following causes of the Spanish-American War was most important to the public?A. the sinking of the MaineB. Jose Marti's revolutionary doctrineC. the Zimmerman telegramD. the need for a market in AfricaA major reason the United States wanted to build the Panama Canal was toA. improve United States relations with Latin America.B. increase trade with England.C. protect United States citizens living in South America.D. shorten the sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.“Yellow Journalism” involvedA. printing sensational stories. C. using complex editing process.B. sticking to the facts only. D. double checking the truth of informationIn the late 1800s, the United States became an imperialist nation when itA. acquired overseas territories. C. formed military alliancesB. declared its neutrality. D. reduced trade with other nations.Ch.19 POLITICAL REFORM and the PROGRESSIVE ERAWhich event led to the passage of laws that created safer working conditions?A. Haymarket riotC. Triangle Shirtwaist fireB. Pullman strikeD. breakup of the Standard Oil CompanyAntitrust laws such as the Sherman Antitrust Act were passed by Congress in an effort toA. regulate the power of big business.B. limit low-priced imported goods.C. encourage more immigration.D. provide safer consumer products.The 1906 publication of Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle helped to expose theA. unfair treatment of women.B. cruelty of modern warfare.C. unsafe living conditions in tenements.D. unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.Muckrakers contributed to the rise of Progressivism in the early 20th century byA. challenging big government to return to past conditions.B. exposing widespread corruption in business and government.C. writing biographies about wealthy Americans.D. joining with the women’s suffrage movement.Which law was passed as a result of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle?A. Interstate Commerce Act C. Meat Inspection ActB. Sherman Antitrust Act D. Federal Reserve Act.A writer who publishes articles about corruption in business and government might be called a modern-dayA. nativist. C. philanthropist.B. muckraker. D. abolitionist.A major goal of reformers during the Progressive Era was to A. end segregation. C. limit immigration from Latin AmericaB. correct the abuses of big business. D. enact high tariffs to help domestic industry grow.The major purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was toA. reduce the role of the courts in labor disputes. C. restrict the growth of monopolies.B. declare unions illegal. D. introduce civil service reforms.Cartoons by Thomas Nast and books such as Upton Sinclair's The Jungle illustrate how the arts in the United States. A. created demands for change in society.B. were just the beginning to reach many people.C. generally were about themes from nature.D. still lagged behind European standards.Which novel about the meatpacking industry moved Congress to pass the Pure Food and Drug Act?A. The Jungle C. The FactoryB. The Octopus D. ButcheryThe Jungle, a novel that exposed the filthy, unsanitary conditions of the Chicago meatpacking plants was written by which of the following?A. Lincoln SteffensB. Ida M. TarbellC. Upton SinclairD. Robert M. LaFolletteWhich president was known as a trustbuster?A. George WashingtonB. Calvin CoolidgeC. Theodore RooseveltD. Dwight D. EisenhowerBase your answer on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.The cartoon illustrates President Theodore Roosevelt's attempt toA. ignore antitrust laws.B. conserve natural resources.C. limit the power of monopolies.D. eliminate foreign ownership of United States corporations.Ch.18 INDUSTRY and URBAN GROWTHAn increase in the number of factories in the mid-1800s led toA. an increased dependence on products made in homes.B. an increase in urbanization.C. a decrease in levels of water and air pollution.D. a reduction in immigration from Europe.In the period from 1890 to 1910, most immigrants from eastern and southern Europe settled in large cities of the eastern United States primarily becauseA. farmland had become very scarce.B. factory jobs were available for unskilled workers.C. there was much less discrimination in those cities.D. they came mainly from large cities in their home countries.Immigrants to the U.S. have met opposition in this country becauseA. most have come from the British Isles.B. they have made no valuable contribution.C. they immediately began speaking our language and adopting our customs.D. they compete with Americans for jobs.In 1892, the United States government opened Ellis Island primarily toA. process immigrants arriving from overseas.B. defend New York City from attack.C. check the safety of imported products.D. serve as the first federal prison in New York State.During the early 1900s, large numbers of African Americans from the South found better job opportunitiesA. in northern cities. C. on southwestern ranches.B. in Pacific Coast lumber yards. D. on Great Plains farms.Mass production is a term that can best be defined as theA. number of hours employees are required to work.B. manufacture of large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply.C. profit made by a large business or corporation.D. formation of a business monopoly..What automobile industrialist was responsible for the Model T and the assembly line?A. Henry Ford C. Charles GoodyearB. John Rockefeller D. James HillThe term business monopoly can best be described as A. the most common form of business in the United States.B. government control of the means of production.C. an agreement between partners to manage a corporation.D. a company that controls or dominates an industry.The term “robber barons” was used during the Gilded Age to characterizeA. plantation owners. C. leaders of big business.B. carpetbaggers. D. union organizers.Base your answer on the graph below and on your knowledge of social studies.Which generalization concerning population trends during the 19th century is most clearly supported by the information provided by the graph?A. Jobs attracted about 60% of the population to urban areas.B. Most immigrants moved to rural areas.C. Family size was greater in rural areas than in urban areas.D. The percentage of the population living in urban areas grew.What was a direct result of the growth of industries in the United States during the 19th century?A. A decline in the influence of big business. C. The decreasing influence of the middle class.B. A decrease in child labor. D. The growth of citiesWhat was the main benefit that labor unions of the late 19th century gained for their members?A. job security C. paid vacationsB. improved wages and hours D. health insuranceAt the turn of the century, why did most immigrants to the United States settle in cities?A. Jobs were readily available.B. Government relief programs required immigrants to settle in cities.C. Labor union leaders encouraged unrestricted immigration.D. immigrants were no1t permitted to buy farmland.The overcrowded and poorly built apartments immigrants lived in the early 20th century were calledA. Hoovervilles. C. studio apartments.B. tenements. D. rent control.During most of the 19th century, the United States had an open immigration policy mainly becauseA. people were for immigration.B. there was a great demand for workers.C. United States population growth was too low.D. very few people were interested in coming to live in the United States.RECONSTRUCTION and the NEW SOUTHCh.16At the end of the Civil War, the South hadA. bustling cities and booming factories.B. prosperous cotton fields.C. ruined cities and plantations that needed rebuilding.D. plenty of money to invest in industry. During the period of Reconstruction, progress made by former slaves was due to the efforts ofA. the Freedmen’s Bureau. C. the Ku Klux Klan.B. segregation laws. D. the practice of discrimination.Poll taxes, literacy tests, and the grandfather clause were all created during the late 1800s torestrict the voting rights ofA. Native American Indians. C. immigrants.B. women.D. African Americans.The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were added to the Constitution during the Reconstruction period toA. bring an end to the Civil War.B. limit the powers of the president.C. improve the operation of the electoral college.D. grant legal rights to African Americans.The term carpetbaggers was used during Reconstruction to describeA. Southern whites who supported Radical Republican programs.B. African Americans who gained control of former Southern plantations.C. Northerners who moved to the South seeking personal gain.D. formerly enslaved African Americans who moved to the West.Beginning in the late 1800s, poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses were used toA. protect important civil rights. C. prevent African Americans from voting.B. improve public education D. restrict immigration.Which historic period was marked by the military occupation of a portion of the United States, attempts to remove the President from office, and major constitutional revisions?A. ReconstructionB. Roaring TwentiesC. Depression and New Deal D. Vietnam War EraAbraham Lincoln’s policies towards rebuilding the SouthA. were very lenient towards the South.B. was very strict regarding black's rights in the South.C. made it difficult for states to rejoin the Union.D. were the same as Congress' plan.Radical Republicans wereA. Republicans who were like Democrats in all but name.B. Republicans who particularly sided with Abraham Lincoln.C. Republicans who wanted to punish the South severely for their role in the Civil War.D. Republicans who opposed the war.The most long-lasting victory for civil rights achieved during Reconstruction was theA. ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution.B. establishment of a strong two-party political system in the South.C. increased prominence given to the Office of the President.D. passage of the Black Codes throughout the South.After the Civil War, the poll tax, literacy test, and grandfather clause were used to ensure thatA. all citizens exercised the right to vote.B. poor people were given equal voting rights.C. the voting rights of most former slaves were denied.D. the elderly in the South could vote in Federal elections.The grandfather clause and the literacy test were similar in that both were designed toA. drive the carpetbaggers permanently from the South.B. force Southern leaders to agree with Northern views on Reconstruction.C. prevent African Americans in the South from voting.D. stop former slaves from obtaining an education.Ch.17 THE WEST TRANSFORMEDThe Homestead Act encouraged people to move west because itA. established ranching towns for cattle drivers.B. offered free land to those willing to farm it.C. offered gold to prospectors. D. promised protection from Native Americans. During the late 1800s, barbed wire fences and sod houses were most likely foundA. on the Great Plains. C. along the Great Lakes.B. in the deep South. D. in the Pacific Northwest.The Homestead Act was important in the growth of the West because itA. set aside reservation land for Native American Indians.B. created the Department of Agriculture.C. encouraged settlement of the Great Plains.D. provided land to build a canal system.The main reason for the passage of the Homestead Act in 1862 was to provide forA. irrigation of desert lands. C. farms and Great Plains.B. national parks. D. reservations for Native American Indians. ................
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