High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 Richard Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament 2019Head Edited by Emmett LaurieEdited by Abhinav Karthikeyan, Adam Howlett, Anson Berns, Alex Hu, Jakob Boeye, Katherine Lei, Naveen Raman, Olivia Chen, and Vishwa ShanmugamWritten by the members of the Richard Montgomery and Montgomery Blair Quizbowl teams: Alex Constantino, Aries Wang, Chris Tong, Christine Zhu, Derek Chu, Danesh Sivakumar, Daniel Yang, Daniel Zhu, Grant Yang, Jaewoo Chung, Justin Posner, Kevin Lu, Matthew Shu, Michael Xie, Sophia Weng, Shawn Zhao, and Tejas Nazare Tossups1. This substance is described by the T value and the equation A = RKLSCP, called the RUSLE [[“Russell”]]. Gelisols are one order of this substance, which are poorly drained when hydric. This substance can be described as platy, prismatic, columnar, or massive and is classified using a texture triangle. Leaching can occur in this substance, which has a type called loam and is divided into (*) horizons. This substance includes humus and can undergo liquefaction during earthquakes. The pH of this substance can be indicated by the color of hydrangea flowers. For 10 points, name this combination of sand, silt, clay, and organic matter that plants grow on.ANSWER: soil [accept dirt or earth] <Other Science, KLei><ed. KLei>2. In Plutarch’s Parallel Lives, the second king of Rome, Numa Pompilius, is compared to this city’s founder, both of whom preached “moderation and frugality." Its land was divided into kleroi and distributed to its citizens, who were required to donate parts of their harvest to their syssitia, or dining groups. This city was nominally ruled by (*) two kings of the Agiad and Eurypontid families, and its youth were brutally educated in the agoge system and would be sent out to murder members of the helot slave class during the krypteia to maintain a regime of terror. For 10 points, name this city-state whose leaders include Lycurgus and Leonidas, a frequent rival of Athens.ANSWER: Sparta <Other History, DC><ed. AH>3. This architect designed a brick building to which the sculptor Theodore Roszak added an aluminum spire and bell tower. Another of his buildings is raised on a circular brick platform while the roof curves down to the ground at three equidistant points, forming an eighth-sphere. Those are the (*) MIT Chapel and the Kresge Auditorium. Mobile lounges are employed to move visitors between this architect’s Dulles airport terminals, which make use of his iconic catenary curves. His most prominent use of a catenary curve is visible in the tallest accessible building in Missouri. For 10 points, name this architect of the Gateway Arch in St. Louis.ANSWER: Eero Saarinen <Other Fine Arts, GY><ed. AH>4. In this work, a man accused of raping a pregnant woman is viciously torn apart by a crowd. The narrator wishes to assign her friend a “daring and spectacular” end after seeing her wearing a rabbit costume at Jezebel's. Another character, Janine, gradually goes insane after her child is deemed a “shredder.” The protagonist misses her husband (*) Luke, from whom she is separated and taken to Aunt Lydia’s Red Center before the novel begins. She is told to spy for the Mayday resistance while having an affair with Nick and playing Scrabble with her Commander, the husband of Serena Joy. For 10 points, name this novel about Offred in the Republic of Gilead, written by Margaret Atwood.ANSWER: The Handmaid’s Tale <Long Fiction, OC><ed. OC>5. One theorem formulated by this scientist claims that, if quantum numbers are large enough, quantum systems behave similarly to classical systems. A quantity named for this scientist approximates the magnetic moment of an electron, while another, approximating the distance from a nucleus to an (*) electron, is his “radius.” This man explained why hydrogen’s spectral lines have distinct, discrete wavelengths by proposing that electrons have fixed energy levels in a model that superseded the Rutherford and plum pudding models. For 10 points, electrons have circular orbits around a nucleus in which Danish physicist’s atomic model?ANSWER: Niels Henrik David Bohr [accept the Bohr radius or the Bohr magneton or the Bohr model] <Physics, VS><ed. VS>6. In one play by this man, Lady Hunstanton fears that English “clever talk” will shock the Puritan Hester; a character later kisses her without consent, angering his son Gerald. In another play, Margaret threatens to slap a party guest with the title object for supposedly having an affair with her husband; that guest saves her from disgrace at the home of (*) Lord Darlington and is revealed to be her mother. Another play opens with the servant Lane preparing sandwiches for Aunt Augusta and Cecily Cardew. In that play, Algernon and Jack woo their lovers by pretending to have the title name. For 10 points, name this Irish playwright of Lady Windermere’s Fan and The Importance of Being Earnest. ANSWER: Oscar Wilde <Drama, OC><ed. OC>7. This country’s government refused its citizens medicine for malaria to sustain its policy of self-sufficiency. French missionary Francois Ponchaud documented guerilla fighters’ burning of homes in this country. A high school in this country was converted into the torture center S-21 after the institution of puppet leader Norodom (*) Sihanouk. A leader of this country carried out mass executions at Choeung Ek and implemented the Year Zero program. People who wore glasses and spoke foreign languages were executed in the “Killing Fields” of this country. For 10 points, name this country once controlled by the Khmer Rouge under Pol Pot. ANSWER: Cambodia [accept Republic of Kampuchea, accept Khmer Republic before “Khmer Rouge”] <World History, AK><ed. OC>8. Secretion of this hormone is triggered through the closing of octameric potassium channels that consist of four IRK channels and four sulfonylurea [[“sulf-on-ill-you-ree-uh”]] receptors. This hormone is synthesized from its precursor through the cleavage of the 24-amino acid leader sequence and the 31-amino acid C-peptide. The bovine form of this protein was sequenced by Frederick (*) Sanger. In the liver, this hormone stimulates production of glycogen. This hormone has the opposite effect of glucagon and is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. For 10 points, name this hormone whose deficiency results in diabetes mellitus.ANSWER: insulin <Biology, DY><ed. KLei>9. A music video for this song ends by interspersing images of a burning book with a librarian’s broken glasses. The singer of this song notes he wants “to cure what’s deep inside” and is “frightened of this thing that I’ve become.” Another version of this song was released with a cover image of only a (*) tweet; that music video replaces Rivers Cuomo with “Weird Al” Yankovic. The chorus of this song notes that “there’s nothing that a hundred men or more could ever do.” For 10 points, name this song originally performed by Toto and covered by Weezer, in which the singer says he will “bless the rains” in the title continent.ANSWER: “Africa” <Pop Culture/Mixed Academic, KLu><ed. KLu>10. This composer wrote an opera in which the title character wins his fortune by catching three golden fish and marries Volkhava in the realm of the Sea-King. Five cadenzas open the fourth movement of another piece by this composer of Sadko. Another work of his contains references to the Obikhod and is titled (*) Russian Easter Festival Overture. The title character declares her love to Mizgir and dies at the end of his opera The Snow Maiden. “The Sea and Sinbad’s Ship” is a movement from his Arabian Nights inspired suite Scheherazade. For 10 points, name this Russian Mighty Five composer of “The Flight of the Bumblebee.”ANSWER: Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov <Auditory Art, DY><ed. NR>11. A speaker in one of this author’s poems compares his lover to “the night, with its stillness and constellations” and proclaims “I like for you to be still.” Another poem invokes a “white bee that buzzes” in the speaker’s soul, “drunk with honey.” In addition to “Ah Vastness of Pines,” this author wrote a poem that describes the “white hills, white (*) thighs” of a woman’s body. The final poem in that collection refers to a woman as a “pit of debris” and a jar that “house[s]…infinite tenderness,” repeating the refrain “in you everything sank!” Another poem begins “Tonight I can write the saddest lines.” For 10 points, name this Chilean author of Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.ANSWER: Pablo Neruda <Non-Epic Poetry, OC><ed. OC>12. One section of this work analogizes organizing the central concept to painting a statue, noting that it would be absurd to make the eyes purple and disregard the rest of the body. That discussion was reached after explaining the Noble Lie, which postulates the existence of gold, silver, and bronze-souled people, (*) or guardians, auxiliaries, and laborers respectively. Beginning after this work’s central figure is forced by Polemarchus to attend a dinner conversation where he discusses the nature of justice, for 10 points, name this seminal work of western political philosophy written by Plato.ANSWER: The Republic <Philosophy, AH><ed. AH>13. Manú National Park is located in this country’s Madre del Dios region. Another region in this country, Loreto, occupies a third of its area. A major river in this country is the Mara?ón, a tributary of the Ucayali, and the summit of the tallest mountain in this country has the weakest gravitational force in the world; that mountain is Huascarán. Its second largest city, (*) Arequipa, is located in its southwest, as well as hundreds of designs traced in the desert, the Nazca Lines. Along with Bolivia, this country shares the world’s highest navigable lake, Lake Titicaca. For 10 points, name this country with capital at Lima.ANSWER: Peru <Geography, CT><ed. KLu and AK>14. This figure seduces his niece Tyro, who kills their children when she learns of his ruse to kill his brother Salmoneus. To solve his city’s water shortage, this figure receives a spring from a river god in exchange for the information that his daughter Aegina is one of Zeus’s lovers. This figure orders his wife to prepare his body without funeral rites such as placing a (*) coin under his tongue; that wife, Merope, obeys, and Charon sends him back to the world of the living. In another of his ruses, this man tricks Thanatos into his own chains, preventing all living beings on earth from dying. For 10 points, name this crafty king of Corinth, condemned to push a boulder up a hill for all eternity.ANSWER: Sisyphus <Mythology, OC><ed. OC>15. These substances can be formed using dithiocarbamates [[“die-thy-o-carb-uh-mates”]]in a RAFT reaction. Substances repeatedly used as reactants in processes to make these substances are termed “telechelic.” The equation 1 over 1 minus p gives the degree to which these substances are made and is called Carother’s equation. “Living” types of reactions that generate these compounds don’t terminate and are a subtype of (*) “chain-growth” reactions to synthesize them. Thermoplastics like ABS [[“A-B-S”]] used in 3D printing are examples of these materials, which are strengthened by cross-linking after their formation. For 10 points, name these materials like rubber and nylon, made of repeating subunits called monomers.ANSWER: polymers <Chemistry, VS><ed. VS>16. During this battle, Michael Wittmann’s audacious defence of his battalion’s left flank repulsed an assault that would have destroyed one side’s communication lines. During this battle, Walter Model's forces were halted after just one day, leading to largely inconclusive fighting at Ponyri and Okhovatka. The more successful southern offensive was tactically successful at (*) Prokhorovka, but withdrew following the Allied invasion of Sicily. For 10 points, name this decisive World War II battle code-named Operation Citadel, where the Germans attempted to close a large Soviet salient on the Eastern Front.ANSWER: Battle of Kursk [accept Prokhorovka before mentioned] <European History, AH><ed. JB>17. One of these texts with disputed authorship opens with the words “Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets,” while another analogizes the community to a human body to explain the diversity of spiritual gifts. That explanation is followed by the proclamation that “love is (*) patient, love is kind,” while another warns that “the wages of sin is death.” They were supposedly written by a figure who visited the Third Heaven, although the authorship of Ephesians, Colossians, and Timothy are heavily disputed. For 10 points, the fourteen books of the New Testament allegedly authored by Saul of Tarsus are known by what name?ANSWER: Pauline Epistles [accept Epistles of Paul or Letters of Paul] <Religion, AH><ed. JB>18. In one story by this author, a man is given a pair of rusty scissors by a group of animals that later devour a camel while being whipped. In another story by this author of “Jackals and Arabs,” a character is instantly teleported after receiving a team of horses from the Groom. In addition to “A Country Doctor,” this man wrote a story where (*) Grete plays the violin for three bearded boarders. That work’s protagonist tries to save a gilt-framed picture of a woman in furs and becomes paralyzed after his father throws an apple into his back. For 10 points name this Czech-German author who wrote about Gregor Samsa’s transformation into a giant insect in “the Metamorphosis.”ANSWER: Franz Kafka <Short Fiction/Other, JB><ed. OC>19. During this man’s presidency, the Polar Bear Expedition was ordered to Arkhangelsk. The Arabic and Sussex pledges were issued to appease this president, who passed the Keating-Owen Act and the Underwood Tariff. Late in this man’s presidency, the Justice Department arrested and deported radicals (*) in the Palmer raids. He was aided in one election by the existence of the Bull Moose Party, which split the Republican Party’s votes. For 10 points name this man known for his Fourteen Points, the 28th President of the United States who failed to keep America out of WWI. ANSWER: Thomas Woodrow Wilson <American History, JB><ed. AH>20. In the Philippe Halsman photograph In Voluptas Mors, a giant version of this object composed of 7 nude women is depicted behind Salvador Dalí. Paul Cézanne kept three of these object on the mantelpiece in his studio and often painted still lifes with them, including a Pyramid of [these objects]. In another painting, one of these objects appears highly (*) distorted beneath a shelf that holds scientific instruments and a broken lute. Often appearing in depictions of St. Jerome as a memento mori symbolizing the omnipresence of death, for 10 points, name this skeletal object found at the bottom of The Ambassadors that gives structure to the human head.ANSWER: skull <Visual Arts, GY><ed. AH>Bonuses1. A man of this profession named Canio sings the aria “Vesti la giubba,” meaning “put on the costume”, as he prepares to go on stage. For 10 points each:[10] Name this profession shared by many characters in Pagliacci. Rigoletto is a hunchbacked one of these characters that entertains the Duke of Mantua.ANSWER: clowns [accept court jesters][10] After frightening his wife with his vehemence, Canio’s wife Nedda sings this aria about birds “screeching up in the sky.”ANSWER: Stridono lassù[10] Pagliacci is often paired with this other verismo opera by Pietro Mascagni, in which Turiddu and Alfio kill each other in a duel over Lola.ANSWER: Cavalleria Rusticana <Other Fine Arts, DY><ed. AB>2. This ancient game is derived from the Indian game, Chaturanga. For 10 points each:[10] Name this game played on an eight by eight board between black and white pieces. A win in this game is achieved through checkmating the opposing side’s king.ANSWER: chess[10] This computer program developed by Google that learned chess in 4 hours crushed the best chess engine in the world, Stockfish, in a series of 1000 matches in December 2018.ANSWER: AlphaZero[10] This American chess prodigy defeated Boris Spassky in the World Chess Championships of 1972, ending an era of Soviet dominance. He was the first FIDE world number one player, and wrote My 60 Memorable Games.ANSWER: Bobby Fischer <Pop Culture/Mixed Academic, MX and JC><ed. KLu, AK, and AdH>3. Is the Hebrew Bible a normatively misogynistic text, or does it root for women in the same way that God favors underdogs generally? For 10 points each, name these women of the Bible. [10] Although this wife of Isaac plotted for Jacob to receive his father’s blessing in place of his brother Esau, she did so in order to fulfill the wishes of God.ANSWER: Rebekah[10] And while this handmaid of Abraham was cast out into the desert after Sarah believed her to be acting too haughty with her son Ishmael, their emotional tension is arguably non-reductive. ANSWER: Hagar[10] Furthermore in the Book of Joshua, this prostitute of Jericho is hailed as a hero for aiding the Hebrew spies, who reward her by sparing her family when the city is taken.ANSWER: Rahab <Religion, AH><ed. JB>4. This man executed Guru Tegh Bahadur because he refused to convert from Sikhism to Islam. For 10 points each:[10] Name this ruler who defeated his brother Dara Shikoh in a civil war and brought the empire he ruled to its greatest extent. He succeeded his father Shah Jahan.ANSWER: Aurangzeb [or Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad; accept Alamgir I][10] Aurangzeb, his father Shah Jahan, and his great-grandfather Akbar the Great, were rulers of this Indian empire. After Aurangzeb’s son Shah Alam repealed his father’s religious practices, this empire eventually declined.ANSWER: Mughal Empire[10] Akbar the Great notably repealed this tax, which was to be paid by all non-Muslims living in Muslim land.ANSWER: jizya tax <World History, AB><ed. AB>5. On the 17th of September, 1859, Joshua Norton declared himself “Emperor of these United States.” For 10 points each.[10] Emperor Norton lost most of his fortune (and his sanity) after he failed to corner the market for this commodity that had skyrocketed in price thanks to a famine in China.ANSWER: rice[10] Emperor Norton demanded that this man be sent as a prisoner to America. This Emperor, who banned unsanctioned armed groups with his Black Decree, was captured following the Siege of Querétaro. ANSWER: Maximilian I[10] Emperor Norton repeatedly urged for the construction of a suspension bridge over San Francisco Bay. In 1937, his vision was realized with the completion of this iridescent structure.ANSWER: Golden Gate Bridge <Other History, JB><ed. AH>6. This experiment confirmed the de Broglie [["duh BROY”]] hypothesis. For 10 points each:[10] Name this experiment that fired a beam of electrons at nickel, creating a diffraction pattern.ANSWER: Davisson–Germer experiment[10] The de Broglie equation states that wavelength is equal to this constant divided by momentum. This constant, denoted h, has a reduced form when divided by two pi and will soon define the kilogram.ANSWER: Planck’s constant[10] One form of this inequality states that sigma x times sigma p is greater than or equal to h-bar over two.ANSWER: Heisenberg's uncertainty principle <Physics, KLei><ed. VS>7. The 2018 G7 Conference, a gathering of leaders from the most powerful countries around the world, was held in La Malbaie, Quebec, for 10 points each:[10] This Canadian Prime Minister hosted the event. In February 2018, this man controversially used the term “peoplekind” instead of “mankind” in an allusion to feminism.ANSWER: Justin Trudeau [prompt on Trudeau; do not accept or prompt on “Pierre Trudeau”][10] At the conference, President Trump pushed other leaders to recognize this region as part of Russia. In 2014, Russia annexed this region and incorporated its largest city of Sevastopol as federal subjects.ANSWER: Crimea [accept Crimean peninsula][10] Twelve heads of states were invited to the conference as part of an Outreach Session, including this man. This man, the current chair of the G20, has been the president of Argentina since 2015.ANSWER: Mauricio Macri <Current Events, AK><ed. AdH>8. One of these individuals was a Russian aristocrat, whose pseudonym came from the six figures he observed “sitting on the big walnut tree in front of the window.” For 10 points each:[10] Name these individuals who included “Wolf Man.” Another one of these individuals endured a disastrous nasal surgery, which was explained through the concept of “deferred action.”ANSWER: patients of Sigmund Freud [accept reasonable equivalents such as subjects or case studies; prompt on patients or subjects][10] The guilt of that botched surgery was catalogued in a work named after these entities. In that work on the interpretation of these things, Freud claimed that these entities were a form of “wish fulfillment.”ANSWER: dreams [accept The Interpretation of Dreams][10] Freud stated that dreams consist of manifest content and this other type of content. This sort of content consists of the hidden and suppressed drives of the unconscious.ANSWER: latent content <Social Science, AK><ed. JB>9. The illegal sale of these items was addressed in Cohens v. Virginia, in which the Supreme Court declared state laws contradicting federal laws “absolutely void.” For 10 points each:[10] Name these items. In Champion v. Ames the Court held that these items could be subject to interstate commerce regulations.ANSWER: lottery tickets [prompt on partial answer][10] Champion v. Ames built on this 1824 case which established the Court’s plenary power in interstate commerce. This case arose from a steamboat monopoly the state of New York granted to Robert Livingston and Robert Fulton.ANSWER: Gibbons v. Ogden [prompt on partial answer][10] Cohens v. Virginia and Gibbons v. Ogden were presided over by this longest serving chief justice who also presided over Marbury v Madison.ANSWER: John Marshall <American History, JL><ed. EL>10. This macromolecule is single stranded and contains the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. For 10 points each:[10] Name this macromolecule which, unlike a similar double stranded molecule, does not contain thymine.ANSWER: RNA [or ribonucleic acid][10] This type of RNA is small and noncoding. Along with siRNA, it can be found in an RNA-induced silencing complex, which participates in RNA interference.ANSWER: miRNA [or microRNA][10] miRNAs bind to the untranslated region denoted by [this number]-prime, which is followed by the poly(A) tail. Nucleotides are added to the end of the nucleic acid denoted [this number]-prime, which is attached to an OH group.ANSWER: 3 [or 3-prime] <Biology, KLei><ed. VS>11. For 10 points each, answer the following about inequalities in mathematics:[10] An inequality named for this three-sided polygon states that the sum of two of its sides must be greater than the third.ANSWER: triangle inequality[10] An inequality named for this man and Schwarz gives a lower bound for the sums of the squares of two sets of numbers. This man’s integral theorem states that the line integral on a closed path of a holomorphic function f of z with respect to z is zero.ANSWER: Augustin-Louis Cauchy[10] This man names an inequality with Louis Mordell that relates a point’s distances from a triangle’s sides and vertices. This man’s number describes one’s collaborative distance to him through the co-authorship of papers. ANSWER: Paul Erd?s [["err-dosh”]] <Other Science, CT><ed. VS>12. At the end of this work, a character tells her husband that she has found a new apartment, prompting him to reveal that their stillborn child was a boy. For 10 points each:[10] Name this short story in which Shoba and Shukumar rekindle their marriage when their power goes out five nights in succession. This story was published as the first in the collection The Interpreter of Maladies.ANSWER: “A Temporary Matter”[10] The Interpreter of Maladies was written by this author of The Namesake. She recently translated her short story “The Boundary” from Italian for the New Yorker. ANSWER: Jhumpa Lahiri[10] Many of Lahiri’s works center around her roots in Calcutta, a city in this country. Other authors from this country include Vikram Seth and Salman Rushdie.ANSWER: India <Short Fiction/Other, OC><ed. OC>13. This artist superimposed multicolored numbers in his painting 0 through 9, a motif which he built upon along with targets, maps, and letters. For 10 points each:[10] Name this artist who dripped red, white, and blue encaustic over a collage of newspapers, creating 48 waxy stars. One of his depictions of the American flag is on display at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.ANSWER: Jasper Johns[10] Leo Castelli launched Johns’ career by chance while trying to find this artist’s studio. This artist created many combines, including one called Monogram which depicts a stuffed Angora goat passing through a car tire.ANSWER: Robert Rauschenberg[10] Johns and Rauschenberg influenced the rise of this art movement that rejected the highbrow egoism of abstract expressionism. Artists of this movement include Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol.ANSWER: pop art <Visual Arts, GY><ed. OC>14. After moving west, a character in this novel makes a living as a tombstone engraver and nude model for an art school. For 10 points each:[10] Oskar Matzerath is the glass-shattering protagonist of this novel, whose title refers to his most prized possession.ANSWER: The Tin Drum[10] The Tin Drum is partially set during this war, which annihilates Oskar’s hometown. Gunter Grass’s memoir Peeling the Onion discusses his service in the Waffen SS, an armed branch of the Nazi Party during this war.ANSWER: World War II [10] In The Tin Drum, Oskar Matzerath leads this gang of street urchins that conducts raids on the offices of the SS.ANSWER: The “Dusters” <Long Fiction, AK><ed. OC>15. Has anyone seen the new Aquaman movie? It is another rewrite of the legend of this mythical King of Britain. For 10 points each:[10] Name this son of Uther Pendragon who won the throne of England by drawing a sword from a stone, according to the account of Geoffrey of Monmouth. ANSWER: King Arthur[10] In that account, not only does Arthur bring peace to Britain, but he defeats a massive army led by one of these figures named Lucius Tiberius.ANSWER: Emperor of Rome[10] The bad fanfictions start to kick off in the 12th century with the French writer Chrétien de Troyes, who decided that this adulterous Lord of Joyous Gard ought to have an affair with Guinevere.ANSWER: Lancelot du lac <Mythology, AH><ed. AH>16. This man was condemned to continuously gnaw at the brains of the Archbishop Ruggieri, who locked him up with his sons in the Tower of Hunger. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Pisan naval commander who Dante accused of treason in the Divine Comedy. It is ambiguous as to whether he ate his sons.ANSWER: Ugolino de Gherardesca[10] Ugolino appears in Dante’s Inferno and is found in the 9th Circle of this location, where Satan chews on the bodies of Judas, Brutus, and Cassius.ANSWER: Hell [accept underworld][10] Dante is guided through Hell by Virgil, who is condemned with all the other righteous pagans to this first circle of Hell traditionally reserved for unbaptized infants.ANSWER: Limbo <Long Fiction, AH><ed. OC>17. This country’s national anthem, the “Wilhelmus," pays homage to its independence leader, William I of Orange. For 10 points each:[10] Name this nation preceded by the Dutch Republic. Its capital is at The Hague, where its king Willem-Alexander resides at Villa Eikenhorst.ANSWER: Netherlands [prompt on Holland][10] The Dutch Revolt began against this Spanish monarch. This monarch appointed the Duke of Alba to suppress dissidents in the Council of Blood and dispatched the Spanish Armada against England.ANSWER: Philip II of Spain [prompt on Philip][10] This city’s brutal sacking in what is known as the “Spanish Fury” united the Netherlands against Habsburg rule. A later battle in this city saw the use of “hellburners” against the army of Alexander Farnese.ANSWER: Antwerp <European History, DC><ed. AH>18. Answer the following about the great works of chamber music, for 10 points each:[10] This piece was based on a song cautioning young girls to be wary of their seducers. Recurring sextuplet arpeggios in this work evoke the leaping of the title animal.ANSWER: Trout Quintet [accept Schubert Piano Quintet in A Major, prompt on partial answer][10] This Russian composer’s String Quartet No. 8 features his signature DSCH motif and was dedicated “to the victims of fascism and war.” Historians have speculated that the dedication was imposed by Soviet authorities.ANSWER: Dmitri Shostakovich[10] This composer of the “Clock” and “Surprise” Symphonies wrote over seventy quartets, and was consequently dubbed the “father of the string quartet.”ANSWER: Joseph Haydn <Auditory Art, OC><ed. OC>19. A quantity named for Mulliken is calculated by averaging this quantity with ionization energy. For 10 points each:[10] Name this quantity which represents the energy released in the formation of a one minus anion of a gas phase atom.ANSWER: electron affinity[10] The electron affinity for this element is about negative seven kilojoules per mole. This element is found in nature as a diatomic molecule with a triple bond that makes up most of the atmosphere.ANSWER: nitrogen [accept N][10] Since the nitrogen one-minus anion has a complete 2p orbital with electrons of opposite spin while nitrogen does not, the former is energetically unfavorable by this principle and therefore has negative electron affinity.ANSWER: Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity <Chemistry, CT><ed. KLei>20. In Edward Arlington Robinson’s poem “The Master,” this man “Met rancor with a cryptic mirth Laconic—and Olympian.” For 10 points each:[10] Walt Whitman’s poems “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d” and “O Captain! My Captain” eulogize what 16th President of the United States?ANSWER: Abraham Lincoln[10] George Saunders’ Lincoln in the Bardo won the 2017 edition of this prestigious prize, which is awarded to the best novel written in English each year.ANSWER: Man Booker Prize for Fiction[10] “Abraham Lincoln Walks at Midnight” is by this poet who instructed a bass drum to be beaten at the beginning of his masterpiece “General William Booth Enters Into Heaven.”ANSWER: Vachel Lindsay <Non-Epic Poetry, JB><ed. OC> ................
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