Multinational Naval Cooperation in the Spanish Civil War, 1936

and Germany in 1936-37 to wage clandestine naval war against the Spanish Republic and its supporters, and the Anglo-French Nyon patrols of 1937-39 to deter just such covert action, which threatened British and French interests. Yet from July until October 1936, a dark era in the slide of Europe and the world ................
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