Erikson’s Eight Stages of Man – Development towards ...



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|Erikson’s Eight Stages of Man – Development towards Maturity (Compared to Freud and Piaget) |

| | |Basic |Developmental Task | |Freud’s |Piaget’s |

|Stage |Age Period |Component |to be achieved |Developmental Hazard |Psychosexual Stages |Cognitive Stages |

| | | |Sense of trust or security – derived |Neglect, abuse or deprivation of consistent |Oral Stage (0-18 months) |Sensorimotor (birth to 2 years) |

|1 |Infancy |Trust v. Mistrust |from affection and gratification of |and appropriate love in infancy; harsh or |Pleasure centers on the mouth – |Experiencing the world through |

| |(Birth to 1-1.5) | |needs |early weaning |sucking, biting and chewing |senses and actions(looking, |

| | | | | | |touching, mouthing, grasping; |

| | | | | | |Object Permanence and Stranger |

| | | | | | |anxiety |

| | | |Sense of duty and accomplishment – |Excessive competition, personal limitations, |Latency (6- puberty) |Concrete Operational (about 7-11) |

|4 |School Age |Industry v. Autonomy |laying aside of fantasy and play |or other conditions which lead to experiences|Dormant sexual feelings and same sex |Logical thinking about concrete |

| |(6 – 11 Years) | |undertaking real tasks, developing |of failure, resulting in feelings of |play |events; concrete analogies and |

| | | |academic and social competence |inferiority and poor work habits | |arithmetic operations; |

| | | | | | |Conservation |

| | | |Sense of identity – clarification in |Failure of society to provide clearly defined|Genital Stage (puberty on) |Formal Operational (about |

|5 |Adolescence |Identity v. Identity |adolescence of who one is and what |roles and standards; formation of cliques |Maturation of sexual interests |12-adulthood) Abstract Reasoning; |

| |(12 – 18 Years) |Confusion |one’s role is |which provide clear but not always desirable | |Abstract Logic and potential for |

| | | | |roles and standards | |moral reasoning |

| | | |Parental sense – productivity and |Failure to master developmental tasks, | | |

|7 |Adulthood |Generativity v. |creativity for others as well as self |resulting in egocentric nonproductivity | | |

| |(35 – 50 Years) |Stagnation | | | | |

| | | |Sense of integrity – acceptance of the |Lack of tradition, consistent values, and | | |

|8 |Mature Adulthood |Ego Integrity v. |dominant ideals of one’s culture, sense|support from culture leaves much for the | | |

| |(50 + Years)_ |Despair |of continuity of past, present and |individual to work out for himself; thus many| | |

| | | |future and the meaningfulness of life |are unable to find meaning in life and to | | |

| | | | |accept its limitations | | |

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