Table 1 - Ramayah



A GUIDE TO PRESENTING TABLES IN A RESEARCH REPORT

Prepared by:

T. Ramayah

School of Management

Universiti Sains Malaysia

1. Frequency Table

Table 1

Profile of respondents

|Variable |Frequency |% |

|Gender | | |

|Male |71 |25.8 |

|Female |204 |74.2 |

|Race | | |

|Malay |38 |13.8 |

|Indian |8 |2.9 |

|Chinese |223 |81.1 |

|Others |6 |2.2 |

|Living Arrangement | | |

|On Campus |107 |38.9 |

|Outside Campus |168 |61.1 |

|CGPA | | |

|Below 2.00 |1 |0.4 |

|2.00 – 2.33 |20 |7.3 |

|2.34 – 2.67 |59 |21.5 |

|2.68 – 3.00 |97 |35.3 |

|3.01 – 3.33 |81 |29.5 |

|3.34 – 3.67 |11 |4.0 |

|Above 3.67 |6 |2.2 |

2. Factor Analysis

A factor analysis with varimax rotation was done to validate whether the respondents perceived the three constructs to be distinct. The results showed a three factor solution with eigenvalues greater than 1.0 and the total variance explained was 62.07% of the total variance. KMO measure of sampling adequacy was 0.887 indicating sufficient intercorrelations while the Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was significant (Chi square=3143.58, p< 0.01). The criteria used by Igbaria et al., 1995 to identify and interpret factors were: each item should load 0.50 or greater on one factor and 0.35 or lower on the other factor. Table 1 shows that result of the factor analysis. These results confirm that each of these constructs is unidimensional and factorially distinct and that all items used to measure a particular construct loaded on a single factor.

Table 2

Results of the factor Analysis

| |Component |

| |1 |2 |3 |

|I find the PC useful in my job. |0.910 |0.114 |-0.056 |

|Using the PC enables me to accomplish tasks more quickly. |0.940 |0.150 |-0.022 |

|Using the PC increases my productivity. |0.918 |0.173 |-0.018 |

|If I use the PC, I will increase my chances of getting a raise. |0.859 |0.045 |-0.170 |

|My interaction with the PC is clear and understandable. |0.214 |0.837 |0.040 |

|It is easy for me to become skillful at using the PC. |-0.010 |0.795 |-0.077 |

|I find the PC easy to use. |0.103 |0.867 |-0.103 |

|Learning to operate the PC was easy for me. |0.172 |0.831 |-0.174 |

|Fun/Frustrating |-0.060 |-0.046 |0.749 |

|Pleasant/Unpleasant |-0.021 |-0.029 |0.689 |

|Pleasurable/Painful |-0.065 |-0.006 |0.763 |

|Exciting/Dull |0.044 |-0.085 |0.676 |

|Enjoyable/Unenjoyable |-0.178 |-0.153 |0.710 |

|Eigenvalue |3.42 |2.88 |2.66 |

|Percentage Variance (68.90) |26.31 |22.13 |20.46 |

3. Reliability Analysis results

Table 3

Reliability coefficients for the major variables

|Variable |Number of items |Items dropped |Cronbach Alpha |

|Need for achievement |4 |- |0.88 |

|Locus of control |3 |- |0.87 |

|Self efficacy |2 |- |0.86 |

|Instrumental readiness |3 |- |0.85 |

|Subjective norms |3 |- |0.86 |

|Entrepreneurial intention |3 |1 |0.87 |

4. Descriptive Analysis

Table 4

Descriptive for the major variables

|Variable |Mean |Standard Deviation |

|Attitude |4.68 |1.10 |

|Subjective norm |3.87 |0.95 |

|Perceived Usefulness |5.12 |0.76 |

|Perceived Ease of Use |4.92 |1.33 |

|Intention |4.23 |1.25 |

Note: All items used a 7-point Likert scale with (1=Strongly disagree and 7=Strongly agree)

5. Chi Square Analysis

Table 5

Percentage Distribution of Complainers and Non-Complainers

|Variable | |% |n | (2 |

| | |Complainers |Non-Complainers | | |

|Gender |Male |40.3 |59.7 |67 |5.80** |

| |Female |20.0 |80.0 |55 | |

| | | | | | |

|Marital |Single |18.2 |81.8 |33 |3.55* |

|Status |Married |36.0 |64.0 |89 | |

| | | | | | |

|Ethnicity |Malay |30.8 |69.2 |52 |1.21 |

| |Chinese |30.0 |70.0 |40 | |

| |Indian |35.7 |64.3 |28 | |

| |Others |0.0 |100.0 |2 | |

| | | | | | |

|Age group (years) |15 – 24 |23.1 |76.9 |13 |2.54 |

| |25 – 29 |20.8 |79.2 |24 | |

| |30 – 34 |37.8 |62.2 |45 | |

| |( 35 |32.5 |67.5 |40 | |

|Educational | | | | | |

|Level |SRP |0.0 |100.0 |1 |12.32*** |

| |SPM/STPM |4.5 |95.5 |22 | |

| |Cert/Diploma |25.8 |74.5 |31 | |

| |( Degree |42.6 |57.4 |68 | |

|Job Category | | | | | |

| |White Collar |17.8 |82.2 |45 |5.94** |

| |Blue Collar |39.0 |61.0 |77 | |

Note: *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05 and * p < 0.1

6. T-test

Table 6

Differences in the major variables by gender

|Variables |Male |Female | |

| |(Mean) |(Mean) |t-value |

|Need for achievement |5.21 |5.14 |1.19 |

|Locus of control |4.60 |4.68 |-1.46 |

|Self efficacy |4.43 |4.17 |3.27** |

|Instrumental readiness |4.23 |3.96 |3.78** |

|Subjective norms |4.22 |4.12 |2.92** |

|Entrepreneurial intention |4.48 |3.98 |3.92** |

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