The Classification of Matter



The Classification of Matter

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Pure Substances

Definition: A substance that has a fixed composition which cannot be broken down except by chemical means.

• Constant/fixed composition

• Uniform physical properties

• Constant melting and boiling temperatures

E.g.

__________________________________________

Mixtures

Definition: A system made up of a combination of 2 or more substances in which the composition of each can be varied.

• Variable composition/no definition proportions

• Variable melting and boiling temperatures

• Can be separated by physically

E.g.

___________________________________________

Matter

Definition: Everything that has a mass and a volume, occupying space.

• Exits in 3 states (plus some exotic states)

• Can undergo chemical and physical changes

E.g.

_____________________________

Element

Definition: A substance that

contains only one type of atom

which cannot be decomposed

(broken down).

E.g._____________________

Heterogeneous

Not the same throughout

Homogeneous

The same throughout

Compound

Definition: A substance with

consists of more than

one type

of atom.

E.g.

______________________

Mechanical Mixtures

Definition: A heterogeneous

mixture of two or more

substances.

E.g._________________

____________________

Solution

Definition: A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

• Transparent

(light travels through)

E.g.

______________________

Suspension

Definition: A heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which particles are suspended in the mixture.

• Cloudy or opaque

• Larger particles

settle to the bottom

• Can be filtered

E.g.

______________________

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