Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday Life ...



Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday LifeEleventh EditionDavid M. Newman, DePauw UniversityISBN: 9781506305448Pub Date: 1/5/16Price: $95 Page Count: 560Availability DatesSample Chapters Available Online: Chapter 1 and Chapter 2Ancillaries: YesCourse Cartridge: YesVital Source eBook: PlannedInteractive E-book: NoANCILLARY GUIDEInstructor Resource SiteSAGE edge for Instructors,?supports teaching by making it easy to integrate quality content and create a rich learning environment for students.Test banks?provide a diverse range of pre-written options as well as the opportunity to edit any question and/or insert personalized questions to effectively assess students’ progress and understandingEditable, chapter-specific?PowerPoint??slides?offer complete flexibility for creating a multimedia presentation for the courseEXCLUSIVE! Access to full-text?SAGE journal articles?have been carefully selected to support and expand on the concepts presented in each chapter to encourage students to think criticallyVideo and multimedia links?includes original SAGE videos that appeal to students with different learning stylesLively and stimulating?chapter activities?that can be used in class to reinforce active learning. The activities apply to individual or group projects.A?Course cartridge?provides easy LMS integrationStudent Study SiteSAGE edge?offers a robust online environment featuring an impressive array of tools and resources for review, study, and further exploration, keeping both instructors and students on the cutting edge of teaching and learning. SAGE edge content is open access and available on demand. Learning and teaching has never been easier!SAGE edge?for Students?provides a personalized approach to help students accomplish their coursework goals in an easy-to-use learning environment.Mobile-friendly?eFlashcards?strengthen understanding of key terms and conceptsMobile-friendly practice?quizzes?allow for independent assessment by students of their mastery of course materialA ?customized online?action plan?includes tips and feedback on progress through the course and materials, which allows students to individualize their learning experienceVideo and multimedia content?that enhance student engagement and appeal to different learning styleEXCLUSIVE! Access to full-text?SAGE journal articles??that have been carefully selected to support and expand on the concepts presented in each chapterTABLE OF CONTENTS – SIDE BY SIDE COMPARISONTENTH EDITIONELEVENTH EDITIONPART I.THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY 1 1. Taking a New Look at a Familiar World 3Sociology and the Individual 6The Insights of Sociology 8The Sociological Imagination 9?mile Durkheim: A Sociological View of Suicide 12Conclusion 14YOUR TURN 17CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 17KEY TERMS 18STUDENT STUDY SITE 18 2. Seeing and Thinking Sociologically 19How Individuals Structure Society 20Social Influence: The Impact of Other People in OurEveryday Lives 23Stanley Milgram: Ordinary People and Cruel Acts 25Societal Influence: The Effect of Social Structure on OurEveryday Lives 26Statuses and Roles 26Groups 28Organizations 30Social Institutions 30Marion Nestle: The Economics and Politics of Food 34Culture 35Values 36Micro-Macro Connection: Family Privacy VersusChildren’s Welfare 36Norms 38Social Structure in a Global Context 38Three Perspectives on Social Order 39The Structural-Functionalist Perspective 40The Conflict Perspective 41Symbolic Interactionism 42Conclusion 43YOUR TURN 43CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 44KEY TERMS 44STUDENT STUDY SITE 45PART II THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF ANDSOCIETY 47 3. Building Reality: The Social Construction ofKnowledge 49Understanding the Social Construction of Reality 50Laying the Foundation: The Bases of Reality 52Culture and Language 52Micro-Macro Connection: The Language of War 56Self-Fulfilling Prophecies 57Faith and Incorrigible Propositions 58Hugh Mehan and Houston Wood: The Infallible Oracle 59Building the Walls: Conflict, Power, and Social Institutions60The Economics of Reality 60The Politics of Reality 62The Medium Is the Message 63Moral Entrepreneurs 65Appreciating the Contributions of Sociological Research65The Empirical Nature of Sociological Research 67Qualitative and Quantitative Research 68Theories, Variables, and Hypotheses 68Modes of Research 70Experiments 70Field Research 71Surveys 72Unobtrusive Research 73The Trustworthiness of Social Research 74Samples 74Micro-Macro Connection: The WEIRDest People in theWorld 76Indicators 76Values, Interests, and Ethics in Sociological Research 77Laud Humphreys: The Tearoom Trade 79Conclusion 80Visual Essay: Personal Billboards 81YOUR TURN 90CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 90KEY TERMS 91STUDENT STUDY SITE 92 4. Building Order: Culture and History 93Dimensions of Culture 95Material and Nonmaterial Culture 95Micro-Macro Connection: The Chair 96Global Culture 97Subcultures 99Susan Blum: Plagiarism and the College Subculture 100History: The “Archives” for Everyday Living 101Cultural Expectations and Social Order 102Micro-Macro Connection: Can You Hear Me Now? 104Social Institutions and Cultural Norms 107Micro-Macro Connection: I’ve Got a Feeling 108Norms and Sanctions 109Cultural Relativism and Ethnocentrism 110Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo: The Economic Lives ofPoor People 111Cultural Variation and Everyday Experience 113Health and Illness 114The Sexes 116Conclusion 118Visual Essay: Funeral Rituals in the Netherlands 119YOUR TURN 129CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 129KEY TERMS 130STUDENT STUDY SITE 130 5. Building Identity: Socialization 131Genes, Social Structure, and the Construction of HumanBeings 132Socialization: Becoming Who We Are 134The Acquisition of Self 134The Differentiation of Self 135Language Acquisition and the Looking-Glass Self 136The Development of Role Taking 137Resocialization 139Spencer Cahill: The Professional Resocialization ofFuneral Directors 140The Self in a Cultural Context 141Socialization and Stratification: Growing Up WithInequality 142Social Class 142Race and Ethnicity 143Gender 145Micro-Macro Connection: Girls’ Toys and Boys’ Toys 148Institutions and Socialization 150Education 150Religion 152Mass Media 154Conclusion 157YOUR TURN 157CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 158KEY TERMS 158STUDENT STUDY SITE 159 6. Supporting Identity: The Presentation of Self 161Forming Impressions of Others 162Social Group Membership 162Physical Appearance 163Is Beauty Only Skin Deep? 163Sizing People Up 165Verbal and Nonverbal Expression 168Managing Impressions 168Dramaturgy: Actors on a Social Stage 170Front Stage and Back Stage 170Peter Ubel: Elevator Talk Among Doctors and Nurses 170Props 171Image Making 172The Alteration of Appearance 172Political Portraits 174Social Influences on Impression Management 176Race and Ethnicity 176Elijah Anderson: Streetwise 177Social Status 178Collective Impression Management 180Mismanaging Impressions: Spoiled Identities 182Embarrassment 182Remedies for Spoiled Identities 183Stigma 185Conclusion 187YOUR TURN 188CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 188KEY TERMS 189STUDENT STUDY SITE 189 7. Building Social Relationships: Intimacy andFamilies 191Life With Others 192Micro-Macro Connection: That’s What (Facebook) FriendsAre For 193Social Diversity and Intimate Choices 195Exogamy 195Endogamy 196Religious Endogamy 196Racial and Ethnic Endogamy 197Social Class Endogamy 198Family Life 199Defining Family 199Historical Trends in Family Life 200Trends in Family Structure 201Trends in Household Size 202Trends in Divorce 203Cultural Variation in Intimacy and Family 203Family and Social Structure 206How Other Institutions Influence Family 206The Influence of Law and Politics 206The Influence of Religion 208The Influence of Economics 209Micro-Macro Connection: Dual-Earner Households 210How Social Diversity Influences Family 212Mary Pattillo-McCoy: Privilege and Peril in Middle-ClassBlack Families 213Family Challenges 214Divorce 214The Normalization of Divorce 215Children, Divorce, and Single Parenting 217Remarriage and Stepfamilies 219Family Violence 220Intimate-Partner Violence 220Child Abuse 221Intimate Violence in a Cultural Context 221Personal and Institutional Responses to Intimate Violence223Conclusion 224Visual Essay: The Blending of America: Mixed Race 225YOUR TURN 229CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 229KEY TERMS 230STUDENT STUDY SITE 2308. Constructing Difference: Social Deviance 231Defining Deviance 233Absolutist Definitions of Deviance 233Relativist Definitions of Deviance 236The Elements of Deviance 239Micro-Macro Connection: Sexual Abuse and the Clergy240Explaining Deviant Behavior 242Deterring Deviance 242Labeling Deviants 244Nancy Herman: Becoming an Ex-Crazy 247Linking Power, Deviance, and Social Control 248The Criminalization of Deviance 248The Social Reality of Crime 250Corporate and White Collar Crime 252The Menace of “Illegal” Drugs 255The Medicalization of Deviance 258Individualizing Complex Social Issues 259Micro-Macro Connection: The Pharmaceutical Personality261Depoliticizing Deviance 263Conclusion 264Visual Essay: Juvenile in Justice 265YOUR TURN 270CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 271KEY TERMS 271STUDENT STUDY SITE 271PART III SOCIAL STRUCTURE, INSTITUTIONS, ANDEVERYDAY LIFE 273 9. The Structure of Society: Organizations, SocialInstitutions, and Globalization 275Social Structure and Everyday Life 276Micro-Macro Connection: Social Structure andCatastrophe 278Social Dilemmas: Individual Interests and StructuralNeeds 281The Tragedy of the Commons 282The Free-Rider Problem 283Solutions to Social Dilemmas 284The Structure of Formal Organizations 285Bureaucracies: Playing by the Rules 286George Ritzer: The McDonaldization of Society 287The Hierarchical Makeup of Organizations 289The Upper Echelons 289The Middle Ground 290The Lower Echelons 291The Construction of Organizational Reality 292Organizations and Institutions 294Organizational Networks Within Institutions 294Micro-Macro Connection: The U.S. Health Care System295Institutional Pressures Toward Similarity 296Globalization and Social Institutions 297Economics 297Education 300Religion 302Conclusion 304Visual Essay: The Trail of the Tomato 305YOUR TURN 313CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 313KEY TERMS 314STUDENT STUDY SITE 314 10. The Architecture of Stratification: Social Class and Inequality 315Stratification Systems 316Slavery 316Micro-Macro Connection: Buying and Selling Humans 317Caste Systems 318Estate Systems 318Social Class Systems 319Sociological Perspectives on Stratification 319The Structural-Functionalist View of Stratification 320The Conflict View of Stratification 321The Marxian Class Model 322Neo-Marxist Models of Stratification 323Weber’s Model of Stratification 325Class Inequality in the United States 326Class and Everyday Life 326Class Distinctions 328The Upper Class 328The Middle Class 329The Working Class 331Mike Rose: The Mind at Work 332The Poor 333What Poverty Means in the United States 333The Poverty Line 334The Near-Poor 335The Poverty Rate 336The Consequences of Poverty 338Poverty and Health 338Poverty and Education 340Out on the Streets 341Why Poverty Persists 341Enduring Disparities in Income and Wealth 342The Social “Benefits” of Poverty 344The Ideology of Competitive Individualism 345The Culture of Poverty 346Global Development and Inequality 348The Global Economic Gap 348Micro-Macro Connection: The Global Health Divide 348Explanations for Global Stratification 349Global Financial Organizations 350Multinational Corporations 351Conclusion 354YOUR TURN 355CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 355KEY TERMS 356STUDENT STUDY SITE 357 11. The Architecture of Inequality: Race and Ethnicity359Race and Ethnicity: More Than Just Biology 361Micro-Macro Connection: Why Isn’t Barack ObamaWhite? 364Histories of Oppression and Inequality 365Native Americans 366Latino/as 367African Americans 367Asian Americans 369Muslim Americans 370Racial and Ethnic Relations 372Personal Racism 372Stereotypes 372Prejudice and Discrimination 373The Privilege of Having No Color 375Class, Race, and Discrimination 376Quiet Racism 377Joe Feagin and Eileen O’Brien: Wealthy White Men onRace 378The Cultural Ideology of Racism 380Racism in Language 380The Myth of Innate Racial Inferiority 381Micro-Macro Connection: Racial Superiority and theDominant Black Athlete 383Institutional Racism: Injustice Built Into the System 385Micro-Macro Connection: A House Divided—ResidentialDiscrimination 386Racial Inequality in the Economic System 387Racial Inequality in the Health Care System 389Racial Inequality in the Educational System 392Remedies for Institutional Racism 395Global Perspectives on Racism 397Conclusion 400Visual Essay: “Civilizing” the Indians 401YOUR TURN 407CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 407KEY TERMS 407STUDENT STUDY SITE 408 12. The Architecture of Inequality: Sex and Gender409Sexism at the Personal Level 410Sexism and Social Interaction 411Laura Miller: Gender, Power, and Harassment in the U.S.Military 414Sexual Orientation 415Violence Against Women 416Rape as a Means of Social Control 416Victim Blaming 417The Ideology of Sexism: Biology as Destiny 420Institutions and Gender Inequality 423Masculinized Institutions 423Gender Inequality in Health and Health Care 424Gender Inequality in the Media 426Micro-Macro Connection: Can Media Images BeHazardous to Your Health? 427Gender Inequality in Families 428Gender Inequality in Education 431Gender Inequality in the Economy 433Segregation in the Workplace 434The Wage Gap 436The Global Devaluation of Women 438Conclusion 440YOUR TURN 441CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 441KEY TERMS 442STUDENT STUDY SITE 442 13. Demographic Dynamics: Population Trends 443The Influence of Birth Cohorts 444Baby Boomers 446Generation X 447The Millennium Generation 447Micro-Macro Connection: Generation Wars? 449Demographic Dynamics 450Population Growth 450Global Imbalances in Population Growth 450Politics, Culture, and Population Growth 453Age Structure 455Geographic Distribution 457Migration Within a Country 457Migration From One Country to Another 458Population Trends in the United States 459Immigration and the Changing Face of the United States460The Immigrant Surge 460Social Responses to Immigrants 461Micro-Macro Connection: The Peculiar Politics ofImmigration 462The “Graying” of the United States 464Conclusion 466Visual Essay: Immigrant Nation 468YOUR TURN 477CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 478KEY TERMS 478STUDENT STUDY SITE 479 14. Architects of Change: Reconstructing Society 481Social Change 483Micro-Macro Connection: Parental Pressure in ChildhoodSports 485The Speed of Social Change 486Causes of Social Change 487Environmental and Population Pressures 488Cultural and Technological Innovation 488Micro-Macro Connection: Technology and the Erosion ofPrivacy 490Diffusion of Technologies and Cultural Practices 493Social Movements 494Types of Social Movements 494Elements of Social Movements 496Ideology 497Rising Expectations 500Resource Mobilization 500Bureaucratization 502Political Opportunity Structure 502The Sociological Imagination Revisited 504Conclusion and Farewell 506YOUR TURN 507CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 508KEY TERMS 508STUDENT STUDY SITE 509References 511Photo Credits 575Glossary/Index 577Part I The Individual and Society1 Taking a New Look at a Familiar World 2Sociology and the Individual 5The Insights of Sociology 9The Sociological Imagination 10?mile Durkheim:A Sociological View of Suicide 13Conclusion 15YOUR TURN18CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 18KEY TERMS 19STUDENT STUDY SITE 192 Seeing and Thinking Sociologically 20How Individuals Structure Society 21Social Influence: The Impact of Other People in Our Everyday Lives 24Stanley Milgram: Ordinary People and Cruel Acts 26Societal Influence: The Effect of Social Structure on Our Everyday Lives 27Statuses and Roles 27Groups 29Organizations 30Social Institutions 32Marion Nestle: The Economics and Politics of Food 35Culture 36Values 37Micro-Macro Connection: Family Privacy Versus Children’s Welfare 38Norms 37Social Structure in a Global Context 37Three Perspectives on Social Order 40The Structural-Functionalist Perspective 41The Conflict Perspective 42Symbolic Interactionism 43Conclusion 44YOUR TURN44CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 45KEY TERMS 45STUDENT STUDY SITE 46Part II The Construction of Self and Society 473 Building Reality: The Social Construction of Knowledge 48Understanding the Social Construction of Reality 49Laying the Foundation: The Bases of Reality 51Culture and Language 51Micro-Macro Connection: The Language of War 55Self-Fulfilling Prophecies 56Faith and Incorrigible Propositions 58Hugh Mehan and Houston Wood: The Infallible Oracle 58Building the Walls: Conflict, Power, and Social Institutions 59The Economics of Reality 60The Politics of Reality 62The Medium Is the Message 63Moral Entrepreneurs 65Appreciating the Contributions of Sociological Research 66The Empirical Nature of Sociological Research 67Qualitative and Quantitative Research 68Theories, Variables, and Hypotheses 68Modes of Research 70Experiments 70Field Research 71Surveys 72Unobtrusive Research 72The Trustworthiness of Social Research 74Samples 75Micro-Macro Connection: The WEIRDest People in the World 76Indicators 75Values, Interests, and Ethics in Sociological Research 77Laud Humphreys: The Tearoom Trade 79Conclusion 79YOUR TURN 80CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 80KEY TERMS 81STUDENT STUDY SITE 824 Building Order: Culture and History 83Dimensions of Culture 85Material and Nonmaterial Culture 85Micro-Macro Connection: The Chair 87Global Culture 86Subcultures 89Susan Blum: Plagiarism and the College Subculture 90History: The “Archives” for Everyday Living 91Cultural Expectations and Social Order 92Micro-Macro Connection: Can You Hear Me Now? 94Social Institutions and Cultural Norms 93Micro-Macro Connection: I’ve Got a Feeling 98Norms and Sanctions 97Cultural Relativism and Ethnocentrism 100Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo: The Economic Livesof Poor People 101Cultural Variation and Everyday Experience 103Health and Illness 104The Sexes 107Conclusion 110YOUR TURN110CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 111KEY TERMS 112STUDENT STUDY SITE 1125 Building Identity: Socialization 113Genes, Social Structure, and the Construction of Human Beings 114Socialization: Becoming You 116The Acquisition of Self 116The Differentiation of Self 117Language Acquisition and the Looking-Glass Self 118The Development of Role Taking 119Resocialization 121Spencer Cahill: The Professional Resocialization of Funeral Directors 121The Self in a Cultural Context 123Socialization and Stratification: Growing Up With Inequality 123Social Class 124Race and Ethnicity 125Gender 126Micro-Macro Connection: Girls’ Toys and Boys’ Toys 130Institutions and Socialization 129Education 129Religion 134Mass Media 136Conclusion 140YOUR TURN140CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 141KEY TERMS 142STUDENT STUDY SITE 1426 Supporting Identity: The Presentation of Self 143Forming Impressions of Others 144Social Group Membership 144Physical Appearance 145Is Beauty Only Skin Deep? 145Sizing People Up 151Verbal and Nonverbal Expression 151Managing Impressions 151Dramaturgy: Actors on a Social Stage 153Front Stage and Back Stage 153Peter Ubel: Elevator Talk Among Doctors and Nurses 154Props 155Image Making 155The Alteration of Appearance 155Political Portraits 156Social Influences on Impression Management 159Race and Ethnicity 159Elijah Anderson: Streetwise 160Social Status 161Collective Impression Management 163Mismanaging Impressions: Spoiled Identities 164Embarrassment 165Remedies for Spoiled Identities 166Stigma 168Conclusion 170YOUR TURN170CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 171KEY TERMS 171STUDENT STUDY SITE 1727 Building Social Relationships: Intimacy and Families 173Life With Others 174Micro-Macro Connection: That’s What (Facebook) Friends Are For 176Social Diversity and Intimate Choices 175Exogamy 175Endogamy 178Religious Endogamy 178Racial and Ethnic Endogamy 179Social Class Endogamy 180Family Life 182Defining Family 182Historical Trends in Family Life 183Trends in Family Structure 184Trends in Household Size 185Trends in Divorce 185Cultural Variation in Intimacy and Family 186Family and Social Structure 188How Other Institutions Influence Family 188The Influence of Law and Politics 189Micro-Macro Connection: The Sagaof Same-Sex Marriage 190The Influence of Religion 191The Influence of Economics 192Micro-Macro Connection: Dual-Earner Households 193How Social Diversity Influences Family 192Mary Pattillo-McCoy: Privilege and Peril in Middle-Class Black Families 196Family Challenges 197Divorce 197The Normalization of Divorce 198Children, Divorce, and Single Parenting 200Remarriage and Stepfamilies 201Family Violence 202Intimate-Partner Violence 202Child Abuse and Neglect 204Intimate Violence in a Cultural Context 204Personal and Institutional Responses to Intimate Violence 205Conclusion 206YOUR TURN207CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 208KEY TERMS 208STUDENT STUDY SITE 2098 Constructing Difference: Social Deviance 210Defining Deviance 212Absolutist Definitions of Deviance 212Relativist Definitions of Deviance 216The Elements of Deviance 218Micro-Macro Connection: Sexual Abuse and the Clergy 220Explaining Deviant Behavior 219Deterring Deviance 222Labeling Deviants 224Nancy Herman: Becoming an Ex-Crazy 227Linking Power, Deviance, and Social Control 228The Criminalization of Deviance 228The Social Reality of Crime 229Wealthy, Corporate, and White Collar Crime 231The Menace of “Illegal” Drugs 234The Medicalization of Deviance 237Individualizing Complex Social Issues 239Micro-Macro Connection: The Pharmaceutical Personality 241Depoliticizing Deviance 240Conclusion 244YOUR TURN244CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 245KEY TERMS 246STUDENT STUDY SITE 246Part III Social Structure, Institutions, and Everyday Life 2479 The Structure of Society: Organizations, Social Institutions, and Globalization 248Social Structure and Everyday Life 249 Micro-Macro Connection: Social Structure and Catastrophe 252Social Dilemmas: Individual Interests and Structural Needs 254The Tragedy of the Commons 255The Free-Rider Problem 256Solutions to Social Dilemmas 257The Structure of Formal Organizations 258Bureaucracies: Playing by the Rules 259George Ritzer: The McDonaldization of Society 261The Hierarchical Makeup of Organizations 262The Upper Echelons 263The Middle Ground 263The Lower Echelons 264The Construction of Organizational Reality 266Organizations and Institutions 267Organizational Networks Within Institutions 267Micro-Macro Connection: The U.S. Health Care System 268Institutional Pressures Toward Similarity 269Globalization and Social Institutions 270Economics 270Education 274Religion 276Conclusion 277YOUR TURN278CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 278KEY TERMS 279STUDENT STUDY SITE 27910 The Architecture of Stratification: Social Class and Inequality 280Stratification Systems 281Slavery 281Micro-Macro Connection: Buying and Selling Humans Caste Systems 282Estate Systems 283Social Class Systems 283Sociological Perspectives on Stratification 284The Structural-Functionalist View of Stratification 284The Conflict View of Stratification 285The Marxian Class Model 286Neo-Marxist Models of Stratification 287Weber’s Model of Stratification 289Class Inequality in the United States 285Class and Everyday Life 286Class Distinctions 292The Upper Class 292The Middle Class 295The Working Class 296Mike Rose: The Mind at Work 297The Poor 298What Poverty Means in the United States 299The Poverty Line 299The Near-Poor 300The Poverty Rate 301The Consequences of Poverty 303Poverty and Health 303Poverty and Education 304Out on the Streets 305Why Poverty Persists 306Enduring Disparities inIncome and Wealth 306The Social “Benefits” of Poverty 307The Ideology of Competitive Individualism 309The Culture of Poverty 310Global Development and Inequality 312The Global Economic Gap 312Micro-Macro Connection: The Global Health Divide 313Explanations for Global Stratification 314Global Financial Organizations 315Multinational Corporations 316Conclusion 318YOUR TURN 319CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 320KEY TERMS 321STUDENT STUDY SITE 32211 The Architecture of Inequality: Race and Ethnicity 323Race and Ethnicity: More Than Just Biology 325Micro-Macro Connection: Why Isn’t Barack Obama White? 330Histories of Oppression and Inequality 328Native Americans 332Latino/as 333African Americans 334Asian Americans 335Muslim Americans 336Racial and Ethnic Relations 336Personal Racism 338Stereotypes 338Prejudice and Discrimination 338Joe Feagin and Eileen O’Brien: Wealthy White Men on Race 339Colorism 341The Privilege of Colorlessness 342Class, Race, and Discrimination 343The Cultural Ideology of Racism 344Racism in Language 345The Myth of Innate Racial Inferiority 345Micro-Macro Connection: Racial Superiority and the Dominant Black Athlete 348Institutional Racism: Injustice Built Into the System 347Micro-Macro Connection: A House Divided—ResidentialDiscrimination 352Racial Inequality in the Economic System 353Racial Inequality in the Health Care SystemMicro-Macro Connection: Racial Guinea Pigs and Medical Mistrust 357Racial Inequality in the Educational System 358Remedies for Institutional Racism 361Global Perspectives on Racism 364Conclusion 366YOUR TURN367CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 367KEY TERMS 368STUDENT STUDY SITE 36812 The Architecture of Inequality: Sex and Gender 369Sexism at the Personal Level 370Sexism and Social InteractionThomas Linneman: Gender andUptalking on Jeopardy! 372Micro-Macro Connection: Sexual Harassment in the Military 375Sexual Orientation 374Sexual Violence Against Women 376Rape as a Means of Social Control 376Victim Blaming 379The Ideology of Sexism: Biology as Destiny 382Institutions and Gender Inequality 384Masculinized Institutions 384Gender Inequality in Health and Health Care 385Gender Inequality in the Media 000Micro-Macro Connection: Can Media Images Be Hazardous to Your Health? 389Gender Inequality in Families 388Gender Inequality in Education 393Gender Inequality in the Economy 396The Sex-Segregated Workplace 397The Wage Gap 398The Global Devaluation of Women 400Conclusion 402YOUR TURN403CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 404KEY TERMS 404STUDENT STUDY SITE 40413 Demographic Dynamics: Population Trends 405The Influence of Birth Cohorts 407Baby Boomers 408Generation X 409The Millennium Generation 409Micro-Macro Connection: Generation Wars? 412Demographic Dynamics 411Population Growth 411Global Imbalances in Population Growth 413Politics, Culture, and Population Growth 414Age Structure 417Geographic Distribution 418Migration Within a Country 418Migration From One Country to Another 420Population Trends in the United States 421Immigration and the Changing Face of the United States 421The Immigrant Surge 421Social Responses to Immigrants 423Micro-Macro Connection: The Peculiar Politics of Immigration 424The “Graying” of the United States 423Conclusion 428YOUR TURN429CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 430KEY TERMS 431STUDENT STUDY SITE 43114 Architects of Change: Reconstructing Society 432Social Change 434Micro-Macro Connection: Parental Pressure in Childhood Sports 436The Speed of Social Change 438Causes of Social Change 438Environmental and Population Pressures 439Cultural and Technological Innovation 439Technology and the Erosion of Privacy 441Diffusion of Technologies and Cultural Practices 443Social Movements 444Types of Social Movements 445Elements of Social Movements 447Ideology 447Rising Expectations 450Resource Mobilization 450Bureaucratization 452Political Opportunity Structure 452The Sociological Imagination Revisited 455Conclusion and Farewell 457YOUR TURN 458CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS 459KEY TERMS 459STUDENT STUDY SITE 460Glossary 461Index 000* What’s New-bold these *What’s moved location (then put in parenthesis what chapter it originated in, in the prior edition)*What’s removed Chapter 1:-updated statistics in introductory story on employment situation for new grads-updated information on male/female ratio in dating market-NEW Micro-macro feature: Sociology of Sleep-new extended example on Ebola-new extended example of Charlie Hebdo massacre-updated statistics on suicide rates-Exhibits 1.1 & 1.2 updatedChapter 2:-new extended example of ISIS-new references to Malaysian Airlines tragedy & Supreme court ruling on same-sex marriage-new extended example of Malala Yousafzai-new example of heightened risk of suicide among young physicians.-updated information on brain trauma among football players-updated research feature on economics and politics of food-new example of religion and parental negligenceChapter 3:-new intro story on drug research-new example of measles outbreak-new example of "trigger warnings" in college classes-updated discussion of new words in English-updated discussion of fecal transplant-new example of physician-patient misunderstanding-revised Micro macro feature on language of war-updated statistics on concentration of media ownershipChapter 4:-new example of changing cultural norms regarding displays of physical affection in China-updated information on global reach of American commercialism-new reference to e-cigarettes-updated Micro macro feature on smart phones-updated discussion of female genital mutilation/cutting-updated research feature on the economic lives of poor people-updated discussion of symbols, including new example of Charleston, SC massacre-revised discussion of transgender/transsexualism/intersexualityChapter 5:-updated discussion of heredity-updated example of relationship between power and empathy-updated discussion of social class and parenting-new discussion of parental response to rash of unarmed blacks killed by white police officers-New exhibit on parents' gender preference in their children-updated discussion of gender socialization-updated example of boy and girl toys/video games-new example of "purposeful play" approach to kindergarten-updated statistics on religion in the US (includes revised Exhibit)-new statistics on youth and media exposure-new statistics on gender representation in mediaChapter 6:-updated statistics on obesity-updated statistics on plastic surgery (including revised Exhibit)-new example of political image making-new examples of presidential gesture politics-new example of corporate embarrassmentChapter 7:-new information in intro on online dating, hook up apps, and various other "new" forms of intimacy-new example of "invisible boy/girlfriend" app-updated micro macro feature on social networking-new information (and updated Exhibit) on interracial marriage-updated Exhibit on family diversity-updated Exhibit on divorce rates-New micro-macro feature on same-sex marriage legislation (including new Exhibit)-updated information on dual-earner households and family leave policies-new example of Apple's new family leave policy-updated discussion of divorce and remarriage-new statistics on intimate violence-updated Exhibit on race and family compositionChapter 8:-completely updated discussion of anti-gay discrimination (globally and domestically)-updated discussion of clergy sexual abuse-new statistics (and updated Exhibit) on capital punishment-new example of a city's attempt to ban smoking-new statistics (and updated Exhibit) on recidivism-new statistics (and updated Exhibit) on incarceration rates-new detailed discussion of police use of lethal force on unarmed individuals-updated statistics on race differences in arrest and incarceration rates-revised discussion and updated statistics on white collar and affluent crimes-new example of Toyota's deferred prosecution arrangement-new statistics on law enforcement control of illegal drug trade-new statistics on health and economic dangers of tobacco-updated information on differential punishment of powder vs. crack cocaine-several new examples of medicalization (marketing of drugs)-updated statistics on ADHD drugsChapter 9:-updated discussion of over-emphasis on standardized testing in schools and recent cheating scandal involving teachers and administrators-updated discussion of medical mistakes and hospital safety-new extended example of "drought shaming" in Calif.-new example of structural attempt to limit overharvesting of public resource (shrimp in Maine)-extended example of bureaucratic obstacles to aid after earthquake in Nepal-updated discussion of McDonaldization-new discussion of "herding" among political pollsters-updated discussion of global economy-updated discussion of global competition and educational pressures (with updated Exhibit)-new extended example of Chinese cram schools-new example of self-immolation among Tibetan monksChapter 10:-revised section on slavery (removed micro macro feature on sex trafficking and incorporated it into this section)-new information on Caste system in India-updated illustrative examples of shortcomings of functionalist explanation of stratification-example of ramifications of Supreme Court ruling removing caps on individual political contributions-new poll data on Americans' perceptions of inequality-multiple new examples of effects of economic inequality on everyday life-New Exhibit on family income and SAT scores-New graphic image of class distinctions-updated discussion of educational experiences of the wealthy-thoroughly updated statistics on plight of the middle class-thoroughly updated statistics on poverty, homelessness, etc. (along with updated Exhibits)-new information on alternative ways of defining/measuring poverty-new information on the near-poor-new information on effect of poverty on health care (in light of Affordable Care Act)-new statistics on poverty and education-updated Exhibit on household income gap in US-new statistics comparing income gap in US to other countries-new examples of alleged "functions" of poverty-new statistics challenging notion of culture of poverty-new statistics on welfare -updated information on global inequality ( including new Exhibit on internet usage)-updated statistics on global health divide-updated Exhibit on power of multinationalsChapter 11:-updated introductory section with new examples of continuing problems in race relations-new examples showing complexities of defining race-new extended example of Rachel Dolezal and personal construction of race-new statistics on multiracial people-new data showing lingering effects of slavery-updated Exhibit on ethno racial configuration of US population-updated information/examples of anti-Muslim discrimination-new data on race differences in perceptions of race relations-revised discussion of quiet racism-Feagin & O'Brien research feature relocated-new level 3 section on colorism-updated Micro macro feature on black athletic superiority-several new extended examples of institutional racism-new data on housing discrimination-updated statistics on occupational inequality based on race-updated Exhibit on race differences in HIV rates-New Exhibit on medical mistrust-updated statistics on environmental racism-updated statistics on educational imbalances (including revised Exhibit)-updated information on affirmative actionChapter 12:-new example of everyday sexual harassment-New research feature on gender and up talking-updated statistics on workplace harassment-New Micro macro feature on sexual harassment in the military-New exhibit on treatment of LGBT individuals-thoroughly updated section on sexual violence against women (including revised Exhibit)-expanded discussion of issue of "consent" in sexual assault cases-new discussion of California's positive consent law and changes in police policy-updated discussion of sexism in medical research-updated statistics on women's behind the scenes role in media-new example of Caitlyn Jenner-updated discussion/statistics on gender & housework (with revised Exhibit)-expanded and updated discussion of gender differences in education-New Exhibit on proportion of college students who are women-revised and updated discussion of sex-segregated workplace, gendered wage gap (with updated Exhibit)-updated examples/statistics in section on global devaluation of women.Chapter 13:-updated/revised intro section on extreme sports-updated statistics on baby boomers, Gen X. & millennials (including revised Exhibit)-updated information on generation wars-updated statistics on world population growth (including revised Exhibit)-new examples of population growth policies-updated statistics on migration-revised section on immigration issues in the US (including revised Exhibit)-updated statistics on aging in the USChapter 14:-new example of FDA's expanded access policy-new statistics on effectiveness of anti-retrovirus drugs-revised Micro macro feature on parental pressure and childhood sports-new statistics on worldwide state of childhood-new information on global climate change-new examples of unforeseen consequences of technological innovations-updated discussion of technology and privacy-updated discussion of contemporary social movements-updated statistics on living wage movement-expanded discussion of role of social networking in mobilizing social movementsIf you have any questions, your sales representative is happy to help. 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