Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences



RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

ANNEXURE-1

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

|1. |NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS |DR.JYOTHILAKSHMI.G.L. |

| | |C/O NANJAPPA C.N. |

| | |#977 , SECOND FLOOR, 66TH CROSS, |

| | |RAJAJINAGAR 5TH BLOCK |

| | |BANGALORE |

|2. |NAME OF THE INSTITUTION |KEMPEGOWDA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES,BSK II STAGE , BANGALORE - |

| | |560070 |

|3. |COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT |M.D.ANATOMY |

|4. |DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE COURSE |04/05/2010 |

| | | |

|5. |TITLE OF THE TOPIC |ANALYSIS OF DIMENSIONS OF CERVICAL SPINAL CANAL IN ADULT MALE AND |

| | |FEMALE SUBJECTS BY PLAIN RADIOGRAPHY |

|6. |BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK | |

| |6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY | |

| |6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – II) |

| |6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – III) |

| | |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – IV) |

|7. |MATERIALS AND METHODS | |

| |7.1 SOURCE OF DATA |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – V) |

| |7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA( including the sampling |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – V) |

| |procedure , if any) | |

| |7.3Does this study require any investigations or interventions to| |

| |be conducted on patients or other humans or animals?If so please |NO |

| |describe briefly. | |

| |7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in | |

| |case of 7.3? | |

| | |YES |

| | |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – VI) |

| | | |

|8. |LIST OF REFERENCES |ENCLOSED(ANNEXURE – VII) |

| | | |

|9. |SIGNATURE OF CANDIDATE | |

| | | |

| | | |

|10. |REMARKS OF THE GUIDE |DR.JYOTHILAKSHMI G.L POST GRADUATE STUDENT IS PERSUING “ANALYSIS |

| | |OF DIMENSIONS OF CERVICAL SPINAL CANAL IN ADULT MALE AND FEMALE |

| | |SUBJECTS BY PLAIN RADIOGRAPHY” |

| | |FOR DISSERTATION AS AN ORIGINAL WORK IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY , |

| | |KIMS , BANGALORE, UNDER MY GUIDANCE |

|11. |NAME AND DESIGNATION OF THE GUIDE |DR.JAYANTHI.K.S. |

| | |PROFESSOR AND HOD |

| | |DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY , KIMS,BANGALORE |

|11.1. |SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|11.2. |CO-GUIDE(IF ANY) |DR.SRINIVASA BABU C.R. |

| | |PROFESSOR AND HOD |

| | |DEPARTMENT OF RADIODIAGNOSIS , KIMS,BANGALORE |

|11.3 |SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

| | | |

|11.4 |HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT |DR.JAYANTHI.K.S. |

| | |PROFESSOR AND HOD |

| | |DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY , KIMS,BANGALORE |

|11.5 |SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

| | | |

|12. |REMARKS OF CHAIRMAN AND PRINCIPAL | |

| | | |

| | | |

|12.1 |SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

ANNEXURE-II

6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:

6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:

The word 'cervix' in Latin means 'neck'. The word “Cervical” means related to or pertaining to neck. “ Stenosis ” means abnormal narrowing of a canal.

Vertebral column is located in the median plane of the body. It consists of 33 vertebrae which are classified as cervical , thoracic, lumbar and pelvic vertebrae based on their location and whose function is to support the trunk and protect the spinal cord.

Cervical vertebrae are 7 in number. The canal of each cervical vertebra, except

for the atlas and axis is three-sided i.e. triangular. Base is formed by the posterior surface of

the vertebral body.The sides are formed by the laminae of the vertebra. The cross-section of the spinal cord which lies within the canal is ellipsoidal. As the interpedicular or transverse distance is nearly twice the sagittal diameter of the canal, there is more room for the cord to expand sideways and less in the antero-posterior direction. For this reason, the antero-posterior diameter of the cervical spinal canal is considered the most useful measurement.1

The anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the normal adult male cervical spinal canal has a mean value of 17-18 mm from 3rd cervical certbral level to 7th cervical vertebral level. Cervical spinal canal stenosis is associated with an anteroposterior diameter of less than 12 mm.2

In presence of critical bony canal stenosis, a minor degree of disc prolapse or a small osteophyte will lead to major neurological symptoms.

Acute and chronic neck pain due to canal stenosis has become a major health care problem. Spinal canal stenosis resulting in radicular pain is common in the cervical and lumbar regions.

Studies in this field have reported that male and female subjects have shown significant differences in vertebral body and vertebral canal dimensions . Because a large vertebral body is thought to be associated with a large osteophyte and large disc protrusion, men who have a large vertebral body by disposition are more likely to undergo cervical myelopathy than women.3

The canal-to-body ratio or Torg's ratio has been described as a reliable means for assessing the the stenosis of the spinal canal and detecting those who are at risk of cervical neuropraxia. It is determined by dividing the sagittal spinal canal diameter by the corresponding sagittal vertebral body diameter.

A ratio of 0.82 or less indicates cervical spinal canal stenosis .The canal-to-body ratio is used to screen athletes who are at risk of this injury. The use of ratio method avoids magnification errors resulting from non standardized filmtube distances. 4

These correlations between cervical spinal canal and vertebral body dimensions have been seldom analysed in Indian population. Few studies have been done on cervical spinal canal dimensions when compared to lumbar spinal canal. This study aims to assesss the cervical spinal canal dimensions in male and female subjects among South Indian population.

ANNEXURE – III

6.2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE:

Interest stems mainly from a high frequency of cervical spondylosis and spondylotic myelopathy seen in the ageing community. It is widely believed that the dimensions of the cervical spinal canal, particularly the antero-posterior diameter, play an important contributory role in the causation of spondylotic myelopathy.

A study was done on plain radiographs of 400 subjects belonging to different ethnic groups such as Chinese,Malayans,Indians and others. The results indicated that the local individuals had a narrow anteroposterior diameter of the cervical spinal canal when compared to Western subjects and probably more prone to myelopathic changes. The study also noted that anteroposterior diameter of the cervical spinal canal in local females was narrower than those in local males by 1-1.5 mm.1

The sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal is measured from the posterior surface of the midvertebral body to the nearest surface of the same segmental spinolaminar junction line. The normal sagittal diameter of the spinal canal at C1 is 22mm, C2 is 20mm , C3-C5 is 17mm. When the sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal is ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download