Bone-Growth-Stimulators_dhs16_149902
Bone Growth Stimulators
Revised: April 15, 2021
• Overview
• Eligible Providers
• Eligible Members
• Covered Services
• Noncovered Services
• Authorization
• Billing
Overview
Bone growth (osteogenesis) stimulators are used to stimulate bone growth and assist in healing fractures when healing has stalled. Bone growth stimulators are considered Class III medical devices by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and should only be used in a way that is consistent with the FDA approved package insert.
Eligible Providers
The following providers may provide bone growth stimulators:
• Medical suppliers
• Hospitals
• Indian Health Services
• Federally qualified health center
• Rural health clinic
TPL and Medicare
Providers must meet any provider criteria, including accreditation, for third party insurance or for Medicare to assist members for whom MHCP is not the primary payer.
MHCP quantity limits and thresholds apply to all members unless only Medicare co-insurance or deductible is requested.
Eligible Members
Bone growth stimulators are covered for eligible MHCP members who meet medical necessity criteria.
Covered Services
Codes:
E0747: osteogenesis stimulator, electrical, noninvasive, other than spinal application
E0748: osteogenesis stimulator, electrical, noninvasive, spinal applications
E0749: osteogenesis stimulator, electrical, surgically implanted
E0760: osteogenesis stimulator, low intensity ultrasound
Nonspinal, noninvasive electrical bone growth stimulators (E0747) are covered for treatment of fracture nonunion:
• At least 3 months have elapsed since the date of fracture
• The fracture gap is less than one-half the bone diameter or less than one centimeter
• Patient can be adequately immobilized
• Patient is compliant with medical treatment including orders to be non-weight bearing
• Patient is capable of using the bone growth stimulator or has a caregiver capable of using it
• The device is requested for an FDA approved indication
• None of the conditions listed as contraindications for the requested device are present
Noninvasive electrical bone growth stimulators (E0747) are covered for congenital pseudoarthroses in the appendicular skeleton (only if the specific device requested is FDA approved for this indication):
• Patient can be adequately immobilized
• Patient is compliant with medical treatment including orders to be non-weight bearing
• Patient is capable of using the bone growth stimulator or has a caregiver capable of using it
• None of the conditions listed as contraindications for the requested device are present
Noninvasive electrical spinal bone growth stimulators (E0748) for treatment of failed spinal fusion:
• Spinal fusion has not healed 9 months after the original surgery
• Patient is compliant with medical treatment, including any appropriate restrictions on mobility
• Patient is capable of using the bone growth stimulator or has a caregiver capable of using it
• The device is requested for an FDA approved indication
• None of the conditions listed as contraindications for the requested device are present
Noninvasive (E0748) or invasive (E0749) electrical spinal bone growth stimulators as an addition to spinal fusion surgery for patients at high risk of fusion failure:
• One or more previous failed spinal fusions
• Grade III or worse spondylolisthesis
• Multi-level fusion
• Current smoker
• Diabetes
• Renal disease
• Alcoholism
• Patient is compliant with medical treatment, including any appropriate restrictions on mobility
• Patient is capable of using the bone growth stimulator or has a caregiver capable of using it
• The device is requested for an FDA approved indication
• None of the conditions listed as contraindications for the requested device are present
Low-intensity ultrasound bone growth stimulators (E0760) are covered for treatment of fracture nonunion:
• At least 3 months have elapsed since the date of fracture
• The fracture gap is one centimeter or less
• Patient can be adequately immobilized
• Patient is compliant with medical treatment including orders to be non-weight bearing
• Patient is capable of using the bone growth stimulator or has a caregiver capable of using it
• The device is requested for an FDA approved indication
• None of the conditions listed as contraindications for the requested device are present
Low-intensity ultrasound bone growth stimulators (E0760) are covered as an addition to conventional treatment of fresh, closed fractures for patients at high risk of nonunion:
• Patient has one or more of the listed risk factors
• Fracture associated with extensive soft tissue or vascular damage
• Diabetes
• Recent steroid therapy
• Osteoporosis
• Current smoker
• Patient can be adequately immobilized
• Patient is skeletally mature
• Patient is compliant with medical treatment including orders to be non-weight bearing
• Patient is capable of using the bone growth stimulator or has a caregiver capable of using it
• The device is requested for an FDA approved indication
• None of the conditions listed as contraindications for the requested device are present
Noncovered Services
• Noninvasive or invasive electrical bone growth stimulators are considered investigative for treatment of a fresh fracture
• Noninvasive or invasive electrical bone growth stimulators and low-intensity ultrasound bone growth stimulators are considered investigative for treatment of delayed (as opposed to stalled) union fracture
• Invasive bone growth stimulators are considered investigative for any indication other than as an adjunct to spinal fusion
• Low-intensity ultrasound bone growth stimulators for treatment of congenital pseudoarthroses are not FDA approved and are considered investigative
• Low-intensity ultrasound bone growth stimulators are considered investigative for treatment of open fractures
• Low-intensity ultrasound bone growth stimulators are not considered an appropriate and effective use of limited programs funds and are not the least costly, medically appropriate treatment for patients with fresh fractures who do not have the risk factors specified above
• Bone growth stimulators are not covered for members who have any contraindication listed in the device’s package insert.
• Bone growth stimulators are not covered for any indication for which the specific stimulator has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
Authorization
Authorization is always required. Submit authorization requests and documentation to the authorization medical review agent.
Authorization for noninvasive bone growth stimulators will be approved up to 3 months rental at a time unless the device is approved by the FDA only as a single-user product. Devices approved by the FDA as single-user products will be approved as purchases. If authorization for a rental unit is requested beyond the approved 3 months, new x-rays or radiology reports must be submitted.
All authorization requests for treatment of nonunion must include serial x-rays which demonstrate that no progressive signs of healing have occurred. For non-healing spinal fusions, at least two x-rays over the course of three months are required. For non-healing fractures, at least two x-rays 30 days or more apart are required.
All authorization requests must document that the device is requested for an FDA-approved indication, that coverage criteria listed above are met, and that no contraindications are present.
FDA-approved Devices (not an exhaustive list)
|HCPCS code |Device name and |MHCP covered / FDA approved indications |MHCP non-covered indications / Contraindications |
| |manufacturer | | |
|E0747 |OrthoPak 2 |Established nonunion acquired secondary to trauma |Nonunion of vertebrae or flat bones |
| | | |Width of the nonunion is greater than half the width of the |
| |Manufacturer: EBI |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |bone |
| |Medical, Inc | |Members with synovial pseudarthrosis |
| | | |Members who are not skeletally mature Members with |
| | | |pacemakers, unless documentation from the cardiologist |
| | | |establishes that use of the bone growth stimulator is safe |
| | | |and appropriate |
| | | |Members whose electrical impedance of the tissue between the|
| | | |electrodes will not allow the device to operate within the |
| | | |prescribed 5 to 10 milliamperes range |
| | | |Members with nonunion secondary to, or in conjunction with, |
| | | |a pathological condition |
| | | |Members who are pregnant or nursing |
|E0747 |EBI Bone Healing System |Fracture nonunion |Fractures of the spine or skull |
| |Model 2001 |Failed fusion |Fracture gaps of more than 1 cm |
| | |Congenital pseudarthrosis |Members with synovial pseudarthrosis |
| |Manufacturer: EBI | |Members with demand pacemakers or implantable |
| |Medical, Inc |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |defibrillators, unless documentation from the cardiologist |
| | | |establishes that use of the bone growth stimulator is safe |
| | | |and appropriate |
| | | |Members who are pregnant |
| | | |Members with fixation devices made from magnetic materials |
|E0747 |OL1000 |Established nonunion acquired secondary to trauma |Nonunion of vertebrae or flat bones |
| | | |Members with synovial pseudarthrosis |
| |Manufacturer: |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |Members who have demand-type pacemakers, unless |
| |Dj Orthopedics, LLC | |documentation from the cardiologist establishes that use of |
| | | |the bone growth stimulator is safe and appropriate |
| | | |Members who have external or internal fixation devices that |
| | | |are constructed from magnetic materials |
| | | |Members who are not skeletally mature |
| | | |Members who are pregnant or nursing |
| | | |Members with nonunion secondary to, or in conjunction with, |
| | | |a pathological condition |
| | | |Members with mental or physical conditions which preclude |
| | | |patient compliance with the physician and device |
| | | |instructions |
| | | |Members with conditions of atrophy |
|E0747 |Physio-Stim |Established nonunion acquired secondary to trauma |Nonunion of vertebrae or flat bones |
| | | |Nonunion secondary to, or in connection with, a pathological|
| |Manufacturer: Orthofix |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |condition |
| | | |Width of the nonunion gap is more than half the width of the|
| | | |bone |
| | | |Members who have synovial pseudarthrosis |
| | | |Members who are not skeletally mature |
| | | |Members who have a demand type pacemaker when the bone |
| | | |growth stimulator will be placed in close proximity to the |
| | | |pacemaker. If a member has a pacemaker, documentation from |
| | | |a cardiologist is required. |
|E0748 |ActaStim-S |Adjunct electrical treatment to primary lumbar spinal |None on FDA approval. Please take warnings and precautions |
| | |fusion surgery for one or two levels |on product label into consideration. |
| |Manufacturer: | | |
| |Theragen |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device | |
|E0748 |Spinal-Stim |Adjunct to spinal fusion |Members who have an implanted cardiac pacemakers |
| | |Salvage of failed spinal fusion |Members who are pregnant or nursing |
| |Manufacturer: Orthofix | |Members who are not skeletally mature |
| | |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |Members with mental or physical conditions which preclude |
| | | |compliance with physician and device instructions |
| | | |Members with osseous or ligamentous spinal trauma, Paget’s |
| | | |disease, moderate to severe osteoporosis, metastatic cancer,|
| | | |renal disease or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus |
|E0748 |SpinalPak II |Adjunct to primary spinal fusion for one or two levels |Members who have cardiac pacemakers or cardioverters, unless|
| | | |documentation from the cardiologist establishes that use of |
| |Manufacturer: EBI |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |the bone growth stimulator is safe and appropriate |
| |Medical, Inc | |Members who are pregnant or intending to become pregnant |
| | | |Members with spondylitis, infection, Paget’s disease, |
| | | |osteoporosis, cancer, renal disease, diabetes mellitus or |
| | | |trauma of the lumbar spine |
|E0748 |SpinaLogic |Adjunct to primary lumbar spinal fusion surgery for one|Members with demand-type pacemakers or implantable |
| | |or two levels |cardiovertor defibrillators |
| |Manufacturer: | |Members who are pregnant |
| |Dj Orthopedics, LLC |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |Members who are not skeletally mature |
| | | |Members with osseous or ligamentous spinal trauma, |
| | | |spondylitis, Paget’s disease, severe osteoporosis, |
| | | |metastatic cancer, renal disease, or uncontrolled diabetes |
| | | |mellitus |
| | | |Members with mental or physical conditions which preclude |
| | | |patient compliance with the physician and device |
| | | |instructions |
| | | |Members who are unable to abstain from smoking during |
| | | |treatment periods |
|E0760 |Exogen 4000+ |Established nonunions excluding skull and vertebra |Nonunion fracture of skull or vertebra |
| | |Fresh, closed, posteriorly displaced distal radius |Fresh fractures other than the distal radius or tibial |
| |Manufacturer: Smith & |fractures |diaphysis |
| |Nephew |Fresh, closed tibial diaphysis fractures |Fresh fractures with post-reduction displacement of more |
| | | |than 50% |
| | |Note: FDA approved as a single-user device |Fresh fractures due to bone pathology or malignancy |
| | | |Members who are not skeletally mature |
| | | |Members who are pregnant or nursing |
| | | |Members who have active, implantable devices such as cardiac|
| | | |pacemakers, unless documentation from the cardiologist |
| | | |establishes that use of the bone growth stimulator is safe |
| | | |and appropriate |
| | | |Members with thrombophlebitis, vascular insufficiency, |
| | | |abnormal skin sensitivity, sensory paralysis, alcoholism or |
| | | |nutritional deficiency |
| | | |Members receiving steroid, anti-coagulant, prescription |
| | | |non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, calcium channel blocker or |
| | | |diphosphonate therapy |
Billing
• Use MN–ITS 837P Professional or X12 Batch
• Refer to the provider basics Billing Policy Overview webpage for more information.
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