7.2 cell structure - East Tennessee State University
7.2 cell structure
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
Cell Organization
The eukaryotic cell has two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
cytoplasm - fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus. -Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm too.
Eukaryotic cells contain many organelles - membrane bound structures that perform specialized tasks.
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
The Nucleus
nucleus - control center of the cell. - contains the cell's DNA - surrounded by a nuclear envelope made of 2 membranes. - contains nucleolus = site of ribosome synthesis
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
The Nucleus
The nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores, which allow material to move into and out of the nucleus.
Proteins, RNA, and other molecules move through the nuclear pores to and from the rest of the cell
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
The Nucleus
DNA in the nucleus is usually seen as Chromatin - long, thin strings of DNA.
When a cell divides, its chromatin condenses into shorter, thicker chromosomes.
Chromosomes contain the genetic information (DNA) passed to the offspring.
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
Vacuoles and Vesicles
cells contain large, saclike, membrane-enclosed structures called vacuoles that store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
Vacuoles and Vesicles
Plant cells have a single, large central vacuole. Turgid pressure of the central vacuole increases their rigidity helping maintain plant structure.
Lesson Overview Cell Structure
Vacuoles and Vesicles
Vacuoles are present in some unicellular organisms and in some animals.
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