THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Name_______________________AP-____
Date assigned__________
Muscles, Nerves, Endocrine, circulatory due may 15
Respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive due may 17. (each will count as a formative assessement)
You may use pictures, charts, diagrams to illustrate vocabulary terms and structures
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- List the general characteristics and functions of skeletal muscle tissue.
- Describe the structure of a muscle
- Briefly describe muscle contraction
- Differentiate between isotonic and isometric contractions
- Define the following terms: origin, insertion, synergist, antagonist, and prime mover
- Define the different bases employed in naming skeletal muscles Identify the principal skeletal muscle in different regions of the body by name, action, and innervations.
Terms to Know
Action Origin tendon
Antagonist Oxygen debt tone
Aponeurosis Prime mover insertion
Contraction Synergist sliding filament
Epimysium Sarcomere
[pic] [pic][pic]
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
-Create a flow chart showing the division of the nervous system.
-What are the 3 main functions of the nervous system?
-Differentiate between afferent and efferent. Which is sensory? Motor?
-Name and describe the structures of a neuron.
-Describe the polarity of the plasma membrane at rest. During an action potential?
-Explain the process of synaptic transmission.
-Describe a reflex arc
-What are the functions of the spinal cord?
- Describe the generalized functions of the system as a whole
- Identify and discuss the coverings and fluid spaces of the brain and spinal cord.
Selected Key Terms
Acetylcholine Nerve white matter
Action potential Nerve impulse effector
Afferent Nucleus gray matter
Autonomic nervous system Neuron synapse
Axon Neurotransmitter stimulus
Dendrite efferent
[pic]
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
- Compare the effects of the nervous system and the endocrine system in controlling the body
- Identify the glands of the endocrine system on a diagram
- List the hormones produced by each endocrine gland and describe the effects of each on the body
- Explain why the anterior pituitary is called the master gland
- Explain how the endocrine system responds to stress
Selected key terms
Endocrine hormone hypothalamus
Pituitary receptor target tissue
|Gland |Hormone |Effect |Disease/disorder |
| | | | |
|pituitary | | | |
| | | | |
|thymus | | | |
| | | | |
|thyroid | | | |
| | | | |
|adrenals | | | |
| | | | |
|ovaries | | | |
| | | | |
|testes | | | |
| | | | |
|pancreas | | | |
| | | | |
|pineal | | | |
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Describe the primary functions of blood.
- List the formed elements of blood and identify the most important function of each.
- Describe the three layers of the heart.
- Name the four chambers of the heart.
- Name the valves at the entrance and exit of each ventricle.
- Name the components of the heart’s conduction system.
- Explain what produces the two heart sounds.
- Differentiate among the three main types of vessels in the body with regard to structure and function.
- Compare the locations and functions of the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
- Explain how blood pressure is commonly measured.
Selected Key Terms
Diastole Systole aorta vein
Aorta Endocardium Leukocyte Valve
Artery Epicardium Myocardium Vena cava
Atrium Erythrocyte Pericardium Ventricle
Capillary Plasma Venule
[pic]
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Describe the purpose of the respiratory system
- Differentiate between external and internal respiration
- Name all of the structures of the respiratory system
- Explain how food and foreign materials are kept out of the respiratory tract
- Describe how respiration is regulated
Selected Key Terms
Alveolus Pleura trachea
Bronchiole Respiration
Bronchus Larynx Surfactant
Diaphragm Epiglottis Pharynx
[pic]
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
- Name the two main functions of the digestive system
- Name and describe the organs of the digestive tract
- Name and describe the accessory organs of digestion
- List the functions of each organ involved in digestion
- Explain the role of enzymes in digestion and give examples of enzymes
- Define absorption
- Define villi and state how villi function in absorption
- Describe how bile functions in digestion
- List the main functions of the liver
Selected Key Terms
Absorption Peritoneum Enzyme Hydrolysis Digestion
Accessory organ Colon Saliva Bile Mastication
Esophagus Defecation Sphincter Peristalsis Emulsify
Lacteal Villi
[pic]
THE URINARY SYSTEM
- Discuss the structure & functions of the kidney
- Explain Accessory excretory structures of the urinary system
- Explain what comprises urine
Selected key terms
Cortex glomerulus
Filtrate ureter
Medulla urethra
Nephron bladder
Renal pelvis
Urine
[pic]
THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
- Discuss the male and female reproductive system
- Explain the formation of sex cells
Selected key terms:
Ovulation Penis Gametogenesis Sperm
Mammary gland Testis Menstruation Uterine tube/ fallopian tube
Uterus Ovary Vagina
[pic]
[pic]
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