Chapter 15 Study Guide - PC\|MAC
Chapter 15 Study Guide
Answer Key
Terms:
1. missionary—person who travels to carry the ideas of a religion to others
2. vassal—a person who served a lord and in return was given protection
3. fief—the land a lord grants to a vassal in exchange for military service and loyalty
4. knight—in the Middle Ages, a noble warrior who fought on horseback
5. clergy—religious official
6. vernacular—everyday language used in a country or region
7. heresy—belief that differs from or contradicts the accepted teachings of a religion
8. Inquisition—a church court tried people for heresy
9. anti-Semitism—hatred of Jews
10. plague—disease that spreads quickly and kills many people
11. Reconquista—Christian struggle to take back the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims
12. excommunicate—to declare that a person or group no longer belongs to a church
13. guild—medieval business group formed by craftspeople and merchants
14. feudalism—political system based on bonds of loyalty between lords and vassals
15. chivalry—code of law for knights
16. serf—peasant labor bound by law to the lands of a noble. Serfs could not leave the manor, own property, or marry without the Lord’s approval. Serfs were not slaves and could not be bought or sold.
17. scholastism—medieval way of thinking that tried to bring together reason and faith in studies of religion. Thomas Aquinas was scholasticism’s great champion. He is best known for combining church teachings with the ideas of Aristotle.
18. theology—the study of religion and God. Earning a doctor’s degree could take 10 years or more
19. mass—the Catholic worship service celebrated on Sundays and holy days. Mass included the most important sacrament of communion in which people took bread and wine to remind them of Jesus’ death on the cross for their sins.
20. concordat—and agreement between the pope and the ruler of a country
21. grand jury—decided whether people should be accused of a crime
22. trial jury—decided whether an accused person was innocent or guilty
Questions:
1. Charlemagne
2. limited the emperor’s power
3. Romans pulled out of Britain
4. Charlemagne
5. they provided safety and opportunity for trade
6. Muslims came from the south, Magyar from the east (Hungary), Vikings from Scandinavia; Viking terrified all of Europe.
7. geography and Germanic invaders
8. monks
9. Otto I
10. Franks
11. high ranking church officials
12. dirty, smelly, and polluted; fire—buildings were made of wood and closely spaced.
13. horse collar, wheeled plow
14. taxes
15. a surplus of goods and safe travel
16. Estates-General
17. Muslims were driven out of Jerusalem
18. It limited the power of the monarch and gave rights to freemen in England
19. Catholics
20. William the Conqueror
21. Henry II; law that is the same throughout the kingdom
22. Ivan III; Grand Duke of Moscow
23. Saladin
24. Doomsday Book
25. King John
26. it was a trade center
27. stained glass windows, flying buttresses, and ribbed vaulted ceilings
28. A famous educated medieval woman and nun who wrote music.
29. priests
30. the late Middle Ages
31. Cathedrals
32. scholars
33. Francis of Assisi
34. England and France; dispute over country borders
35. Wages rose and trade declined
36. Europe and Asia; fleas; the Silk Road
37. rise in a middle
38. A young French peasant that led the French in the Hundred Years War. She was made a saint by the Roman Catholic Church in 1920.
39. Muslims
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