Name Period The Seasons on Earth – Note Taking Guide

[Pages:10]Name

Period

The Seasons on Earth ? Note Taking Guide

DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks below, using the word bank provided. Label all latitudes shown in the diagram.

Axis Changes Daylight Length Seasons

Tilted 23.5o

0o 23.5o N 23.5o S 66.5o N 66.5o S 90o N 90o S

Arctic Circle Antarctic Circle

North Pole South Pole

Equator Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn

1. The earth is 2. The tilt effects the

on its axis of our days and causes the

.

of our

.

3.

4. Solar flux describes

.

5. When only a small amount of light hits a surface there is

.

6. Solar flux effects the

of a surface.

7. Low flux will make a surface

and high flux will make a surface

.

8. What two factors cause solar flux to be lower at higher latitudes?

DIRECTION: Fill in as much information as you can about the movement of our planet around the Sun. The word bank below will help you get started. You should be able to fill in every blank line provided.

1. Earth's orbit around the sun is nearly

.

2. Earth is closest to the sun during N. Hemisphere

. This is

.

3. Earth is farthest away from the sun during N. Hemisphere

. This is

.

Circular Elliptical

Orbit Tilted Perihelion

Aphelion Summer Solstice Winter Solstice Vernal Equinox Autumnal Equinox

March 22nd September 22nd

June 22nd December 22nd

Sun

Name

KEY

Period

The Seasons on Earth ? Note Taking Guide

DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks below, using the word bank provided. Label all latitudes shown in the

diagram.

Axis

0o

Arctic Circle

Changes

23.5o N

Antarctic Circle

Daylight

23.5o S

North Pole

Length

66.5o N

South Pole

Seasons

66.5o S

Equator

Tilted

90o N

Tropic of Cancer

23.5o

90o S

Tropic of Capricorn

1. The earth is

tilted

on its axis 23.5o

.

2. The tilt effects the length

of our days and causes the changes of our seasons

.

3.

North Pole, 90o N

Arctic Circle, 66.5o N Tropic of Cancer, 23.5o N

Equator, 0o Tropic of Capricorn, 23.5o S Antarctic Circle, 66.5o S

South Pole, 90o S Axis

4. Solar flux describes amount of sunlight that strikes a given surface

.

5. When only a small amount of light hits a surface there is low solar flux

.

6. Solar flux effects the temperature

of a surface.

7. Low flux will make a surface cool

and high flux will make a surface hot .

8. What two factors cause solar flux to be lower at higher latitudes? Tilt of axis Earth is a sphere.

KEY

DIRECTION: Fill in as much information as you can about the movement of our planet around the Sun. The word bank below will help you get started. You should be able to fill in every blank line provided.

1. Earth's orbit around the sun is nearly

circular

.

2. Earth is closest to the sun during N. Hemisphere

winter . This is perihelion .

3. Earth is farthest away from the sun during N. Hemisphere summer. This is aphelion .

Circular Elliptical

Orbit Tilted Perihelion

1. Summer Solstice 2. June 22 3. First day of summer 4. North Pole tilts

toward sun 5. South Pole tilts away

from sun 6. More than 12 hours

daylight in northern hemisphere 7. Less than 12 hours daylight in southern hemisphere 8. The area above the Arctic Circle has 24 hours daylight 9. The area below the Antarctic Circle has 24 hours of darkness

Aphelion Summer Solstice Winter Solstice Vernal Equinox Autumnal Equinox 1. Vernal Equinox 2. March 22 3. First day of spring 4. All latitudes receive 12 hours of daylight 5. All latitudes receive 12 hours of darkness 6. Axis points neither towards, nor away from the sun

Sun

March 22nd September 22nd

June 22nd December 22nd

1. Winter Solstice 2. December 22 3. First day of winter 4. South Pole tilts

toward sun 5. North Pole tilts away

from sun 6. More than 12 hours

daylight in southern hemisphere 7. Less than 12 hours daylight in northern hemisphere 8. The area below the Antarctic Circle has 24 hours of daylight 9. The area above the Arctic Circle has 24 hours of darkness

1. Autumnal Equinox

2. September 22

3. First day of fall

Orbit

4. All latitudes receive 12 hours of daylight

5. All latitudes receive 12 hours of darkness

6. Axis points neither towards, nor away from the sun

Noon Sun Angle Worksheet

Name

Name Equinox Equinox Solstice Solstice

Date March 22nd September 22nd June 22nd December 22nd

Subsolar Point (Latitude where the sun is overhead at noon) 0o 0o 23.5? N 23.5? S

Noon Sun Angle = 90 ? Zenith Angle

Zenith Angle = latitude where you are at ? subsolar point If the subsolar point and your latitude are in the same hemisphere, subtract. If the subsolar point and your latitude are in different hemispheres, add.

Note: if you get a negative number, it means that no sunlight is received at that time of year... or it is dark for 24 hours, use 0o as your answer.

Instructions: complete the table.

Problem Time of Year Subsolar Point

Example September 22

0?

1

Equinox

Latitude where you are "at" 14?

Zenith Angle 14 ? 0 = 14

Noon Sun Angle Calculation

90 ? 14 = 76

23.5?N

90 ?

=

Noon Sun Angle 76?

2

March 22

80?N

90 ?

=

3

September 22

80?S

90 ?

=

4

June 22

80?N

90 ?

=

5

June 22

80?S

90 ?

=

6

June 22

0?

90 ?

=

7

December 22

80?S

90 ?

=

8

December 22

80?N

90 ?

=

9

December 22

23.5 ?S

90 ?

=

10

March 22

34?N

90 ?

=

11.

June 22

34?N

90 ?

=

12.

December 22

34?N

90 ?

=

More about Noon Sun Angles

North

South

This is a diagram of a house in Arizona. Pretend that the house is in southern Arizona at 33?N. The diagram shows summer sun's rays at noon on the June 22nd Solstice and winter sun's rays at noon on the December 22nd Solstice.

13. What is the angle of the sun's rays at noon during the summer (June 22nd Solstice)? ___________. Show your work here:

14. What is the angle of the sun's rays at noon during the winter (December 22nd Solstice)? ___________________. Show your work here:

Bonus Questions 15. The original diagram is not correct. The summer angle should both be more vertical and the winter angle should be shallower. Use a protractor to check the diagram, then correct the picture. Use the white

in the middle of the picture as the guide for your protractor.

16. Would you put a shade tree on the north or the south side of the house? Why?

KEY

Problem Time of Year

Example September 22

1

Equinox

Subsolar Point

0?

Latitude where you are "at" 14?

Zenith Angle 14 ? 0 = 14

0? 23.5?N 23.5 ? 0 = 23.5

Noon Sun Angle Calculation

90 ? 14 = 76 90 ? 23.5 = 66.5

Noon Sun Angle

76?

66.5?

2

March 22

0? 80?N 80 ? 0 = 80

90 ? 80 = 10

10?

3

September 22

0?

80?S

80 ? 0 = 80

90 ? 80 = 10

10?

4

June 22

23.5? N 80?N 80 ? 23.5 = 56.6 90 ? 56.5 = 33.5

33.5?

5

June 22

23.5? N 80?S

80 + 23.5 = 103.5 90 ? 103.5 = -13.5 0?

this means no

24 hours

sunlight is received of night

6

June 22

23.5? N 0?

23.5 ? 0 = 23.5 90 ? 23.5 = 66.5 66.5?

7

December 22 23.5? S 80?S

80 ? 23.5 = 56.5 90 ? 56.5 = 33.5

33.5?

8

December 22 23.5? S 80?N 80 + 23.5 = 103.5 90 ? 103.5 = -13.5 0?

this means no

24 hours

sunlight is received of night

9

December 22 23.5? S 23.5 ?S 23.5 ? 23.5 = 0 90 ? 0 = 90

90?

10

March 22

0? 34?N 34 ? 0 = 34

90 ? 34 = 56

56?

11.

June 22

23.5? N 34?N 34 ? 23.5 = 10.5 90 ? 10.5 = 79.5

79.5?

12.

December 22 23.5? S 34?N 34 + 23.5 = 57.5 90 ? 57.5 = 32.5

32.5?

KEY

Original- not correct

Correct

North

South

North

South

This is a diagram of a house in Arizona. Let's pretend that the house is in southern Arizona at 33?N. The diagram shows summer sun's rays at noon on the June 22nd Solstice and winter sun's rays at noon on the December 22nd Solstice.

13. What is the angle of the sun's rays at noon during the summer (June 22nd Solstice)? ___________. Show your work here:

Zenith Angle = 33 - 23.5 = 9.5 Sun Angle = 90 ? 9.5? = 80.5?

14. What is the angle of the sun's rays at noon during the winter (December 22nd Solstice)? __________. Show your work here:

Zenith Angle = 33.5 + 23.5 = 56.5 Sun Angle = 90 ? 56.5 = 33.5?

Bonus Questions 15. The original diagram is not correct. The summer angle should both be more vertical and the winter angle should be shallower. Use a protractor to check the diagram, then correct the picture. Use the white

in the middle of the picture as the guide for your protractor.

See correction in diagram at the top of this page

16. Would you put a shade tree on the north or the south side of the house? Why? The diagram shows that the sun is always shining from the south. The shade is always cast to

the north of the tree. The smart place to put a shade tree would be on the south side of the house.

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