CALPUFF Modeling System Version 6 User Instructions

CALPUFF Modeling System Version 6

User Instructions

April 2011

Section 1: Introduction

Table of Contents

Page

1.

OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 CALPUFF Version 6 Modeling System ............................................................... 1-1 1.2 Historical Background .......................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Overview of the Modeling System ....................................................................... 1-7 1.4 Major Model Algorithms and Options................................................................. 1-19

1.4.1 CALMET ................................................................................................ 1-19 1.4.2 CALPUFF............................................................................................... 1-23

1.5 Summary of Data and Computer Requirements .................................................. 1-28

2.

GEOPHYSICAL DATA PROCESSORS.......................................................................... 2-1

2.1 TERREL Terrain Preprocessor ............................................................................. 2-3 2.2 Land Use Data Preprocessors (CTGCOMP and CTGPROC) ............................. 2-27

2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4

2.2.5

Obtaining the Data .................................................................................. 2-27 CTGCOMP - the CTG land use data compression program .................. 2-29 CTGPROC - the land use preprocessor .................................................. 2-29 Generic Land Use Data set ? (non random Land Use categories mapped to USGS defaults) ..................................................................... 2-30 Generic Land Use Data set ? (random Land Use categories not mapped to USGS defaults) ..................................................................... 2-30

2.3 MAKEGEO ......................................................................................................... 2-51

3.

READ62 UPPER AIR PREPROCESSOR ........................................................................ 3-1

4.

PXTRACT PRECIPITATION DATA EXTRACT PROGRAM ...................................... 4-1

5.

PMERGE PRECIPITATION DATA PREPROCESSOR ................................................ 5-10

6.

SMERGE SURFACE DATA METEOROLOGICAL PREPROCESSOR ....................... 6-1

6.1 Generic Hourly Surface Data File......................................................................... 6-3

6.1.1 Generic Multi Time Interval Surface Data File ...................................... 6-18

7.

PROGNOSTIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA PROCESSORS ...................................... 7-1

7.1 CALMM5 Preprocessor........................................................................................ 7-1 7.2 CALETA Preprocessor ........................................................................................ 7-26 7.3 CALRUC Preprocessor........................................................................................ 7-42 7.4 CALRAMS Preprocessor .................................................................................... 7-51

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Section 1: Introduction

7.5 CALWRF Preprocessor ....................................................................................... 7-56 7.6 CALTAPM Preprocessor..................................................................................... 7-60 7.7 3D.DAT File Format............................................................................................ 7-67

8.

CALMET MODEL FILES ................................................................................................ 8-1

8.1 User Control File (CALMET.INP) ....................................................................... 8-5 8.2 Geophysical Data File (GEO.DAT)..................................................................... 8-55 8.3 Upper Air Data Files (UP1.DAT, UP2.DAT,...).................................................. 8-67 8.4 Surface Meteorological Data File (SURF.DAT) ................................................. 8-73 8.5 Overwater Data Files (SEA1.DAT, SEA2.DAT, ...) ........................................... 8-77 8.6 Precipitation Data File (PRECIP.DAT) ............................................................... 8-80 8.7 Preprocessed Diagnostic Model Data File (DIAG.DAT) .................................... 8-85 8.8 Prognostic Model Data File (PROG.DAT).......................................................... 8-89 8.9 MM4/MM5/3D Model Data Files (MM4.DAT, MM5.DAT, 3D.DAT) ............. 8-91 8.10 Terrain Weighting Factor Data File (WT.DAT)................................................. 8-112 8.11 CALMET Output Files ....................................................................................... 8-121

8.11.1 CALMET.DAT...................................................................................... 8-121 8.11.2 PACOUT.DAT ...................................................................................... 8-136

8.12 PRTMET Meteorological Display Program ....................................................... 8-142

9.

CALPUFF.......................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.1 User Control File .................................................................................................. 9-1 9.2 Meteorological Data Files................................................................................... 9-121

9.2.1 9.2.2 9.2.3 9.2.4

CALMET.DAT...................................................................................... 9-121 ISCMET.DAT ....................................................................................... 9-138 PLMMET.DAT...................................................................................... 9-146 SURFACE.DAT and PROFILE.DAT ................................................... 9-151

9.3 Point Source Emissions File With Arbitrarily Varying Emissions (PTEMARB.DAT) 9-163

9.4 Buoyant Area Source Emissions File With Arbitrarily Varying Emissions (BAEMARB.DAT).......................................................................................................... 9-173 9.5 Line Source Emissions File with Arbitrarily Varying Emissions (LNEMARB.DAT)

9-180 9.6 Volume Source Emissions File (VOLEMARB.DAT) with Arbitrarily Varying Emissions

9-188 9.7 Boundary Concentration Module File (BCON.DAT)......................................... 9-197 9.8 User-Specified Deposition Velocity Data File (VD.DAT) ................................. 9-212 9.9 Ozone Data File (OZONE.DAT)........................................................................ 9-214 9.10 User-Specified Chemical Transformation Rate Data File (CHEM.DAT) .......... 9-218 9.11 Site-Specific Turbulence Data (PROFILE.DAT) ............................................... 9-221 9.12 CTDMPLUS Terrain Feature Description and Receptors (HILL.DAT, HILLRCT.DAT)

9-222

ii

Section 1: Introduction 9.13 Subgrid Scale Coastal Boundary Data File (COASTLN.DAT).......................... 9-228 9.14 Mass Flux Boundary Data File (FLUXBDY.DAT)............................................ 9-233 9.15 CALPUFF Output Files ...................................................................................... 9-237 9.15.1 List File (CALPUFF.LST)..................................................................... 9-237 9.15.2 Restart File (RESTARTE.DAT)............................................................ 9-237 9.15.3 Concentration File (CONC.DAT).......................................................... 9-238 9.15.4 Dry Flux File (DFLX.DAT) .................................................................. 9-259 9.15.5 Wet Flux File (WFLX.DAT) ................................................................. 9-278 9.15.6 Relative Humidity File for Visibility Processing in CALPOST (VISB.DAT) .......................................................................................... 9-297 9.15.7 Debug Puff-Tracking File (DEBUG.DAT) ........................................... 9-314 9.15.8 Mass Flux List File (MASSFLX.DAT) ................................................. 9-318 9.15.9 Mass Balance List File (MASSBAL.DAT) ........................................... 9-320 9.16 OPTHILL............................................................................................................ 9-322 9.16.1 CTSG Terrain Information .................................................................... 9-322 9.16.2 Example OPTHILL Application............................................................ 9-325

10. POSTPROCESSORS........................................................................................................ 10-1 10.1 APPEND.............................................................................................................. 10-2 10.2 CALSUM............................................................................................................. 10-9 10.3 POSTUTIL.......................................................................................................... 10-16 10.4 CALPOST........................................................................................................... 10-40 10.5 Input Files ........................................................................................................... 10-46 10.5.1 User Control File (CALPOST.INP)....................................................... 10-46 10.5.2 CALPUFF Output Files (MODEL.DAT and VISB.DAT) .................... 10-46 10.5.3 Background Concentrations/Deposition Fluxes (BACK.DAT)............. 10-46 10.5.4 Visibility Measurements (VSRN.DAT)................................................. 10-46 10.6 Output Files......................................................................................................... 10-84 10.6.1 List File (CALPOST.LST) .................................................................... 10-84 10.6.2 Visibility File (DAILY_VISIB_VUNAM.DAT) .................................. 10-84 10.6.3 Plot-file(s) .............................................................................................. 10-84 10.6.4 Timeseries File(s) .................................................................................. 10-85

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Section 1: Introduction

List of Figures

Figure 1-1:

Page Overview of the program elements in the CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system. Also shown are the associated CALGRID photochemical model, the KSP particle model, and mesoscale meteorological models that may include MM5/MM4, NAM(Eta), WRF, RUC, RAMS, TAPM and CSUMM. ................................................................... 1-10

Figure 1-2: Meteorological modeling: CALMET modeling flow diagram. ........................... 1-15

Figure 1-3: Dispersion Modeling: CALPUFF modeling flow diagram.................................. 1-16

Figure 1-4: Postprocessing: PRTMET postprocessing flow diagram..................................... 1-17

Figure 1-5: Postprocessing: CALPOST postprocessing flow diagram................................... 1-18

Figure 1-6:

Flow diagram of the diagnostic wind model in CALMET. Winds derived from mesoscale models MM4/MM5, NAM(Eta), WRF, RUC, RAMS, TAPM or CSUMM can be introduced as the initial guess field A, or the Step 1 field B. Mesoscale model wind data (except CSUMM) can also be treated as "observations" C. Path A is recommended. ............................ 1-20

Figure 2-1: Processing Geophysical Data................................................................................ 2-2

Figure 2-2: Spatial coverage of each GTOPO30 tiles (files)................................................... 2-5

Figure 7-1:

MM5 horizontal grid (Arakawa B-grid) showing the staggering of the dot (.) and cross (x) grid points. The smaller inner box is a representative mesh staggering for a 3:1 coarse-grid distance to fine-grid distance ratio (from NCAR, 1998).............................................................................................. 7-7

Figure 7-2:

Schematic representation of the vertical structure used in MM5. The example is for 15 vertical layers. Dashed lines denote half-sigma levels, solid lines denote full-sigma levels (from NCAR, 1998). ................................... 7-8

Figure 7-3:

CALMET non-staggered horizontal grid system. All variables are defined at the grid points located in the center of each grid cell. The grid origin (Xo, Yo) is also shown. ............................................................................... 7-9

Figure 7-4: Domain coverage for AWIPS 212 and 218 grids. ............................................... 7-27

Figure 7-5: Domain coverage for AWIPS 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, and 250 grids................ 7-28

Figure 7-6: Tiles for AWIPS 218 grid. ................................................................................... 7-29

Figure 7-7:

Domain coverage for RUC 20km and 40km grids. Both are denoted by the solid-line boundary. The dashed-line boundary is the NAM/ETA computational domain.......................................................................................... 7-43

Figure 7-8: Arakawa-C grid used in RAMS.......................................................................... 7-51

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Section 1: Introduction

Figure 9-1:

Profile of a terrain feature along one of its two axes. A best-fit inverse polynomial function describes this profile to CTSG. ......................................... 9-323

Figure 9-2:

Map of terrain surrounding the site of the FSPS, illustrating the selection and characterization of a terrain feature for CTSG modeling............................. 9-327

List of Tables

Page

Table 1-1: Table 1-2: Table 1-3: Table 1-4: Table 1-5: Table 1-6: Table 2-1: Table 2-2: Table 2-3: Table 2-4: Table 2-5: Table 2-6: Table 2-7: Table 2-8:

Table 2-9: Table 2-10:

Table 2-11:

Table 2-12: Table 2-13: Table 2-14: Table 2-15:

Major Features of the CALMET Meteorological Model..................................... 1-21 Major Features of the CALPUFF Model ............................................................. 1-26 Summary of Input Data Required by CALMET.................................................. 1-29 Summary of CALPUFF Input Files..................................................................... 1-32 Summary of Input Data Used by CALPUFF ....................................................... 1-34 Summary of CALPUFF Output Files .................................................................. 1-42 Terrain Databases ................................................................................................. 2-7 Sample TERREL Control File Inputs ................................................................... 2-8 TERREL Control File Inputs ............................................................................... 2-19 Sample CTGCOMP Control File Inputs(CTGCOMP.INP) ................................ 2-31 Sample CTGPROC Control File Inputs(CTGPROC.INP) .................................. 2-32 Control File Inputs (CTGPROC.INP).................................................................. 2-39 Sample CTGPROC Output List File(CTGPROC.LST) - Partial Listing ............ 2-44 NZ Generic Land Use Input File (Translation to USGS categories is conducted internally) ........................................................................................... 2-46 Sample File of NZ Generic Land Use Data set (comma delimited file).............. 2-46 Non Random Specific Land Use Categories for the NZ Generic Land Use Input File....................................................................................................... 2-47 Translation Table of Non Random Specific Land Use Categories to USGS Equivalent Categories(done internally within CTGPROC)...................... 2-48 Generic Land Use Input File (no internal translation to USGS categories)......... 2-49 Sample File of Generic Land Use Data set .......................................................... 2-50 Sample MAKEGEO Control File(MAKEGEO.INP) .......................................... 2-52 MAKEGEO Control File Inputs .......................................................................... 2-64

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Section 1: Introduction

Table 3-1: READ62 Input and Output Files........................................................................... 3-3

Table 3-2: READ62 Control File Inputs ................................................................................ 3-4

Table 3-3: Sample READ62 Control File (READ62.INP) .................................................... 3-7

Table 3-4: Sample READ62 Output List file ........................................................................ 3-10

Table 3-5: Sample UP.DAT files .......................................................................................... 3-14

Table 4-1: PXTRACT Input and Output Files ....................................................................... 4-2

Table 4-2: Sample PXTRACT Control File (PXTRACT.INP).............................................. 4-3

Table 4-3: PXTRACT Control File Inputs (PXTRACT.INP)................................................ 4-7

Table 4-4: Sample PXTRACT Output List File (PXTRACT.LST)....................................... 4-8

Table 5-1: PMERGE Input and Output Files ........................................................................ 5-12

Table 5-2: Sample PMERGE Control File (PMERGE.INP)................................................. 5-13

Table 5-3: PMERGE Control File Inputs (PMERGE.INP)................................................... 5-19

Table 5-4: Sample PMERGE Output List File (PMERGE.LST).......................................... 5-22

Table 6-1:

Sample of Generic Input Meteorological Data File Comma Delimited Input File Ready for SMERGE............................................................................. 6-4

Table 6-2: Sample of Generic Input Meteorological File in Spreadsheet Format.................. 6-4

Table 6-3: SMERGE Input and Output Files ......................................................................... 6-6

Table 6-4: Sample SMERGE Control File Inputs (SMERGE.INP)....................................... 6-7

Table 6-5: SMERGE Control File Inputs (SMERGE.INP)................................................... 6-12

Table 6-6:

Sample SMERGE Output List File (SMERGE.LST)......................................... 6-14

Table 6-7: Sample SURF.DAT Output Data File (SURF.DAT)........................................... 6-17

Table 6-8: Sample Generic SURFCSV Control Input File (SURFCSV.INP) ...................... 6-19

Table 6-9: SURFCSV Control File Inputs (SURFCSV.INP)............................................... 6-20

Table 6-10: SURFCSV Sample input file (CSV.DAT).......................................................... 6-22

Table 7-1: User-Controlled Options in CALMM5.INP ......................................................... 7-2

Table 7-2: Variables Available in CALMM5 Three-dimensional Output Files..................... 7-3

Table 7-3: Possible Variables in 2D.DAT files...................................................................... 7-4

Table 7-4:

Defined Horizontal and Vertical Locations for MM5 Variables Used in CALMM5 ............................................................................................................. 7-6

Table 7-5: CALMM5 Sample Control File (CALMM5.INP)............................................... 7-12

Table 7-6: CALMM5 Control File Inputs (CALMM5.INP)................................................ 7-13

Table 7-7: Example CALMM5 List File (CALMM5.LST) .................................................. 7-15

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Section 1: Introduction

Table 7-8: Sample of MM5 Derived Gridded Surface 2-D Variables .................................. 7-17

Table 7-9: MM5 Derived Surface 2-D Variables File Format (2D.DAT) ............................ 7-20

Table 7-10: AWIPS Grid Formats Processed by CALETA. ................................................... 7-30

Table 7-11: Sample Names of AWIPS GRIB Files ................................................................ 7-32

Table 7-12: Example CALETA Control File (CALETA.INP) ............................................... 7-33

Table 7-13: CALETA Control File Inputs (CALETA.INP)................................................... 7-34

Table 7-14:

AWIPS 212 Files in CALETA Forecast Mode for 24-Hour Period Starting at 00 Z .................................................................................................... 7-36

Table 7-15:

AWIPS 212 Files in CALETA Hybrid Mode for 24-Hour Period Starting at 00Z ................................................................................................................... 7-37

Table 7-16:

AWIPS 212 Files in CALETA Hybrid Mode for 24-Hour Period Starting at 00Z with Missing Files .................................................................................... 7-38

Table 7-17: Example CALETA List File (CALETA.LST)..................................................... 7-39

Table 7-18: RUC File-Naming Conventions........................................................................... 7-45

Table 7-19: Example CALRUC Control File (CALRUC.INP) .............................................. 7-46

Table 7-20: CALRUC Control File Inputs (CALRUC.INP).................................................. 7-47

Table 7-21: Example CALRUC List File (CALRUC.LST).................................................... 7-49

Table 7-22: Example CALRAMS Control File (CALRAMS.INP) ........................................ 7-54

Table 7-23: Example CALRAMS List File (CALRAMS.LST).............................................. 7-55

Table 7-24: Example CALWRF Control File (CALWRF.INP)............................................. 7-57

Table 7-25: CALWRF Control File Inputs (CALWRF.INP)................................................. 7-58

Table 7-26: Example CALWRF List File (CALWRF.LST)................................................... 7-59

Table 7-27: Variables Available in CALTAPM Three-dimensional Output Files.................. 7-61

Table 7-28: CALTAPM Sample Control File (CALTAPM.INP)........................................... 7-63

Table 7-29: CALTAPM Control File Inputs (CALTAPM.INP)............................................ 7-64

Table 7-30: Example CALTAPM List File (CALTAPM.LST) .............................................. 7-65

Table 7-31: Sample of CALTAPM derived 3D.DAT file....................................................... 7-66

Table 7-32: Sample Mesoscale Model 3-D Data File (3D.DAT)............................................ 7-68

Table 7-33: Mesoscale Model 3-D Data File (3D.DAT) ........................................................ 7-71

Table 9-1: Input Groups in the CALPUFF Control File ........................................................ 9-5

Table 9-2: Sample CALPUFF Control File (CALPUFF.INP) ............................................... 9-8

Table 9-3: CALPUFF Control File Inputs - Input Group 0................................................... 9-46

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