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Sexually Transmitted Infections “STI's” & HIV & AIDS
Chlamydia or “The Clap” 衣原体
The most common bacterial infection
Spread through oral, anal, vaginal or mother
Most girls don't have any symptoms 75%
Symptoms for girls include:
painful urination, pain during intercourse (bleeding), eye/rectal infection, vaginal discharge, lower ab pain
Often associated with other infections
Treatment: Chlamydia can be treated and cured easily with antibiotics.
If untreated:: infertility, spread to other sex organs
Gonorrhea 淋病
Spreads the same as Chlamydia
Symptoms occur 2-4 weeks after infection
Often is a co-infection with Chlamydia
Gonorrhea can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
In both guys and girls, untreated gonorrhea can affect other organs and parts of the body including the throat, eyes, heart, brain, skin, and joints
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) 盆腔炎
Is an infection of the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, or ovaries
Most girls develop PID as a result of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), such as chlamydia or gonorrhea
Symptoms similar to Chlamydia, but includes:
Untreated PID may lead to long-term reproductive problems, including: Scarring in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus
Curable: Doctor will prescribe antibiotics to take for a couple of weeks
Syphilis 梅毒
Occurs in Stages...if untreated
1st and 2nd stage: Highly Infectious
Syphilis is transmitted through contact with a syphilis sore
Mirrors symptoms of common medical problems
The second stage is a body rash
Also fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, loss of hair, headaches, weight loss, muscle aches, and tiredness.
Like all bacterial infections, syphilis curable
Genital Warts (HPV) 生殖器疣
Over 100 types, 40 occur on genitals
75% of adults have had one infection
Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after infection
High risk types cause Cervical CANCER
Intercourse or genital rubbing (outercourse)
Warts on the vulva, cervix, in or around the vagina, penis, anus, scrotum, groin, or thigh.
There is no cure for HPV, but can be treated easily with cryotherapy (dry ice treatment)
Genital Herpes (HSV – 2) 疱疹
Herpes is caused by the herpes simplex viruses type 1 (cold sores) and type 2 (genital)
Symptoms occur 2-30 days after infection
Most individuals have no or only minimal signs or symptoms from HSV-1 or HSV-2 infection
When signs do occur, they typically appear as one or more blisters
Symptoms: fever, muscle pain, tender lymph nodes
Transmitted from the sores that the viruses cause, but they also are released between episodes from skin that does not appear to be broken or to have a sore
A person can get HSV-1 by coming into contact with the saliva of an infected person, and can be spread to the genitals through oral sex
Outbreaks caused by: menstruation, stress, food, illness, intercourse, exposure to sun, medication
No cure, but antiviral medications can shorten and prevent outbreaks
Hepatitis B (HBV) 肝炎
It is transmitted through sexual intercourse and through needles, and other bodily fluids
Show symptoms 8 weeks after infection
Symptoms similar to those caused the flu and has pain underneath the right ribcage where the liver
Can also cause jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, and may cause the urine to appear brownish
Immunization (vaccine) against hepatitis B
HIV and Aids 艾滋病毒
Over time weakens body until Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (fatal) develops
Transmitted by infected blood, semen, vaginal secretion or breast milk enters blood stream
Symptoms don’t show for years
Combinations of antiviral drugs and drugs boost immune system allow people with HIV to resist infections, stay healthy, and prolong lives
Up to 20 million in China have HIV, many do not know
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