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Sexually Transmitted Infections “STI's” & HIV & AIDS

Chlamydia or “The Clap” 衣原体

The most common bacterial infection

Spread through oral, anal, vaginal or mother

Most girls don't have any symptoms 75%

Symptoms for girls include:

painful urination, pain during intercourse (bleeding), eye/rectal infection, vaginal discharge, lower ab pain

Often associated with other infections

Treatment: Chlamydia can be treated and cured easily with antibiotics.

If untreated:: infertility, spread to other sex organs

Gonorrhea 淋病

Spreads the same as Chlamydia

Symptoms occur 2-4 weeks after infection

Often is a co-infection with Chlamydia

Gonorrhea can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

In both guys and girls, untreated gonorrhea can affect other organs and parts of the body including the throat, eyes, heart, brain, skin, and joints

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) 盆腔炎

Is an infection of the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, or ovaries

Most girls develop PID as a result of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), such as chlamydia or gonorrhea

Symptoms similar to Chlamydia, but includes:

Untreated PID may lead to long-term reproductive problems, including: Scarring in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus

Curable: Doctor will prescribe antibiotics to take for a couple of weeks

Syphilis 梅毒

Occurs in Stages...if untreated

1st and 2nd stage: Highly Infectious

Syphilis is transmitted through contact with a syphilis sore

Mirrors symptoms of common medical problems

The second stage is a body rash

Also fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, loss of hair, headaches, weight loss, muscle aches, and tiredness.

Like all bacterial infections, syphilis curable

Genital Warts (HPV) 生殖器疣

Over 100 types, 40 occur on genitals

75% of adults have had one infection

Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after infection

High risk types cause Cervical CANCER

Intercourse or genital rubbing (outercourse)

Warts on the vulva, cervix, in or around the vagina, penis, anus, scrotum, groin, or thigh.

There is no cure for HPV, but can be treated easily with cryotherapy (dry ice treatment)

Genital Herpes (HSV – 2) 疱疹

Herpes is caused by the herpes simplex viruses type 1 (cold sores) and type 2 (genital)

Symptoms occur 2-30 days after infection

Most individuals have no or only minimal signs or symptoms from HSV-1 or HSV-2 infection

When signs do occur, they typically appear as one or more blisters

Symptoms: fever, muscle pain, tender lymph nodes

Transmitted from the sores that the viruses cause, but they also are released between episodes from skin that does not appear to be broken or to have a sore

A person can get HSV-1 by coming into contact with the saliva of an infected person, and can be spread to the genitals through oral sex

Outbreaks caused by: menstruation, stress, food, illness, intercourse, exposure to sun, medication

No cure, but antiviral medications can shorten and prevent outbreaks

Hepatitis B (HBV) 肝炎

It is transmitted through sexual intercourse and through needles, and other bodily fluids

Show symptoms 8 weeks after infection

Symptoms similar to those caused the flu and has pain underneath the right ribcage where the liver

Can also cause jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, and may cause the urine to appear brownish

Immunization (vaccine) against hepatitis B

HIV and Aids 艾滋病毒

Over time weakens body until Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (fatal) develops

Transmitted by infected blood, semen, vaginal secretion or breast milk enters blood stream

Symptoms don’t show for years

Combinations of antiviral drugs and drugs boost immune system allow people with HIV to resist infections, stay healthy, and prolong lives

Up to 20 million in China have HIV, many do not know

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