Dual Language Key Terms



Dual language (DL)General education classroom that provides literacy and content instruction to all students in two languages. Goals of DL are bilingualism, biliteracy, grade-level academic achievement and multicultural competence for all students.1Immersion / Dual Language Immersion (DLI)Synonymous with dual language. L1 and L2L1 = student’s native languageL2 = new languageTarget languageThe language of instruction, other than English, in a dual language classroom.One-way DLStudents in the classroom have the same native language (i.e., all are native Spanish speakers).Two-way DLBalanced numbers of native English speakers and native speakers of the target language (English learners) in the classroom.90:10DL model in which the percentage of instruction in the target language at Kindergarten begins at 90% and 10% of instruction is in English. The percentages change by each grade until they are balanced at 4th grade and grade levels beyond, for example:K=90:10 / 1st=80:20 / 2nd=70:30 / 3rd=60:40 / 4th=50:5050:50DL model in which the percentage of instruction in the target language at Kindergarten is 50% and 50% of instruction is in English. This ratio continues throughout the grades. This model typically has partner teachers. One teacher instructs in English and the other in the target language, and students move between the two classrooms.English learner (EL)Student with a native language other than English who qualifies for language instruction services based on their score on the state’s English language proficiency screener and annual assessment.Dual language learner (DLL)Term used by early childhood educators to describe a preschool student’s language characteristics rather than an instructional model. (The student is learning their native language at home while they learn English, and possibly the native language, at preschool.) ................
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