Polarity & Electronegativity Worksheet



Section 6.1: Bond CharacterA chemical bond between atoms of different elements is never completely ionic or covalent. The character of the bond depends on how strongly each of the bonded atoms attracts electrons.Electronegativity and Bond CharacterElectronegativity DifferenceBond Character> 1.7Ionic0.3 - 1.7Polar covalent0 – 0.29Nonpolar covalentElectronegativity Periodic TableUsing your table of electronegativity values to determine what type of bond the two atoms will form.1. Cr and O3.5 – 1.6 = 1.9 ionic2. Sr and O3.5 – 1.0 = 2.5 ionic3. Cl and Br3.0 – 2.8 = 0.2 nonpolar covalent4. H and F4.0 – 2.1 = 1.9 ionic5. Na and S2.5 – 0.9 = 1.6 polar covalent6. Br and Br2.8 – 2.8 = 0 nonpolar covalent7. Al and F4.0 – 1.5 = 2.5 ionic8. Cu and Cl3.0 – 1.9 = 1.1 polar covalent6.1 Polarity & Electronegativity WorksheetWhat does it mean to for a bond to be polar?The molecule has a slight charge due to an unequal sharing of electrons.How are ionic bonds and covalent bonds different?Ionic bonds transfer the electrons while a covalent bond shares the electrons.How does a polar covalent bond differ from a nonpolar covalent bond?A polar covalent bond is a covalent bond which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons.A nonpolar covalent bond is a covalent bond which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge.How does electronegativity values help determine the type of bond created?By calculating the difference in the electronegativities you determine the ability of the atom to attract electrons.For each of the following molecules, determine if it is covalent, polar, or ionic. Show your work by listing the electronegativities of each element in the bond.MoleculeElectronegativity ValuesDifference in ElectronegativityBond TypeH – ClH: 2.1Cl: 3.03.0 – 2.1 = 0.9Polar covalentH – HH: 2.1H: 2.12.1 – 2.1 = 0Nonpolar covalentH - IH: 2.1I: 2.52.5 – 2.1 = 0.4Polar covalentCl - ClCl: 3.0Cl: 3.03.0 – 3.0 = 0Nonpolar covalentC – OC: 2.5O: 3.53.5 – 2.5 = 1.0Polar covalentCa – OCa: 1.0O: 3.53.5 – 1.0 = 2.5IonicH – OH: 2.1O: 3.53.5 – 2.1 = 1.4Polar covalentAl – FeAl: 1.5Fe: 1.81.8 – 1.5 = 0.3Polar covalentFor each of the following sets of elements, identify the element expected to be most electronegative (EN) and which is expected to be least electronegative (EN).K, Sc, Camost EN= Scleast EN= KBr, F, Atmost EN= Fleast EN= AtC, O, Nmost EN= Oleast EN= C ................
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