GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN WYOMING - USGS

GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN WYOMING

By L. R. Larson

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4034

Cheyenne, Wyoming 1984

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WILLIAM P, CLARK, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director

For additional information write to:

District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 2120 Capitol Avenue P.O. Box 1125 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82003

Copies of this report can be purchased from:

Open-File Services Section Western Distribution Branch U.S. Geological Survey Box 25425, Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 (Telephone: (303)236-7476)

CONTENTS

Abstract .................................... 1 I.0 Introduction ............................... 2 2.0 Ground-water use ............................. 4 3.0 Water quality ............................... 6 4.0 Aquifers ................................. 8 5.0 Dissolved solids ............................. 10

5.1 Statewide .............................. 10 5.2 By aquifer .............................. 12 5.3 By county .............................. 14

5.3.1 Albany County ......................... 16 5.3.2 Big Horn County ........................ 18 5.3.3 Campbell County ........................ 20 5.3.4 Carbon County ......................... 22 5.3.5 Converse County ........................ 24 5.3.6 Crook County ......................... 26 5.3.7 Fremont County ........................ 28 5.3.8 Goshen County ......................... 30 5.3.9 Hot Springs County ...................... 32 5.3.10 Johnson County ........................ 34 5.3.11 Laramie County ........................ 36 5.3.12 Lincoln County ........................ 38 5.3.13 Natrona County ........................ 40 5.3.14 Niobrara County ........................ 42 5.3.15 Park County .......................... 44 5.3.16 Platte County ......................... 46 5.3.17 Sheridan County ........................ 48 5.3.18 Sublette County ........................ 50 5.3.19 Sweetwater County ....................... 52 5.3.20 Teton County ......................... 54 5.3.21 Uinta County ......................... 56 5.3.22 Washakie County ........................ 58 5.3.23 Weston County ......................... 60 6.0 Nitrate .................................. 62 7.0 Fluoride ................................. 64 8.0 Toxic trace elements ........................... 66 9.0 Iron and manganese ............................ 68 10.0 Future needs ............................... 70 II.0 Selected references ............................ 71

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 2.0-1. 5.1-1.

5.2-1.

5.3-1.

Graph showing ground-water use (statewide) ........... 5 Histogram of dissolved-solids concentrations in

water from wells and springs (statewide) ........... 11 Graph showing dissolved-solids concentrations in

ground-water samples from aquifers (statewide) ........ 13 Map showing location of counties and median

dissolved-solids concentrations in ground-water samples collected in each county ............... 15

111

ILLUSTRATIONS Continued

Figures 5.3.1-(1 and 2). Histograms of dissolved-solids concentrations

through

and graphs showing dissolved-solids

5.3.23-(l and 2).

concentrations in ground-water samples

by aquifer for the following counties:

5.3.1-(1 and 2). Albany .............. 17

5.3.2-(l and 2). Bighorn ............. 19

5.3.3-Cl and 2). Campbell ............. 21

5.3.4-(l and 2). Carbon .............. 23

5.3.5-(l and 2). Converse ............. 25

5.3.6-(l and 2). Crook .............. 27

5.3.7-(l and 2). Fremont ............. 29

5.3.8-(l and 2). Goshen .............. 31

5.3.9-(l and 2). Hot Springs ........... 33

5.3.10-(1 and 2). Johnson ............. 35

5.3.11-(1 and 2). Laramie ............. 37

5.3.12-(1 and 2). Lincoln ............. 39

5.3.13-O and 2). Natrona ............. 41

5.3.14-(1 and 2). Niobrara ............. 43

5.3.15-(1 and 2). Park ............... 45

5.3.16-(1 and 2). Platte .............. 47

5.3.17-U and 2). Sheridan ............. 49

5.3.18-(1 and 2). Sublette ............. 51

5.3.19-(1 and 2). Sweetwater ............ 53

5.3.20-(1 and 2). Teton .............. 55

5.3.21-(1 and 2). Uinta .............. 57

5.3.22-(l and 2). Washakie ............. 59

5.3.23-(l and 2). Weston .............. 61

6.0-1. Histogram of nitrate concentrations (statewide)

in ground-water samples ................... 63

7.0-1. Graph showing statewide fluoride concentrations in

ground-water samples ..................... 65

7.0-2. Graph showing fluoride concentrations (statewide)

greater than 2.0 milligrams per liter ............ 65

8.0-1. Histograms of toxic trace-element concentrations

in Wyoming ground-water samples ............... 67

9.0-1. Histograms of iron and manganese concentrations

(statewide) ......................... 69

TABLES

Table 3.0-1. Criteria for selected constituents used to evaluate water quality ..................... 7

4.0-1. System, series, aquifer code and name, and number of water-quality analyses for the aquifers in Wyoming ........................... 8

IV

CONVERSION FACTORS

For use of readers who prefer to use metric units, conversion factors for terms used in this report are listed below:

Multiply

foot acre-foot

B?

0.3048 1,233

To obtain

meter cubic meter

Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (?F) can be converted to degrees Celsius (?C) by the following equation:

?C = 5/9(?F - 32)

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