KEYSTONE DESIGN MANUAL Unit Design Keywall Appedix ...

KEYSTONE

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DE S I G N M A NU A L

Design

Theory

&

Design

Process ?

Keywall

Appedix

Appedix

Operating

A

B

KEYWALL PRO

OPERATING GUIDE

instructions

A

UNITS

THEORY

GEOGRID

KeyWall?PRO

DESIGN

B

KEYSTONE

?

DESIGN MANUAL

& KEYWALL PRO OPERATING GUIDE

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The information presented in this manual, including technical and engineering data, figures, tables, drawings, and

procedures, is provided for general information only. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, this information

should not be used or relied upon for any specific application without independent professional examination and verification

of its accuracy, suitability, and applicability. Anyone using this material assumes any and all liability resulting from such

use. Keystone Retaining Wall Systems disclaims any and all express or implied warranties of merchantability fitness for

any general or particular purpose or freedom from infringement of any patent, trademark, or copyright in regard to the

information or products contained or referred to herein. Nothing herein contained shall be construed as granting a license,

express or implied, under any patents. Keystone is a registered trademark of Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC. Keystone

Retaining Wall Systems are covered by one or more U.S. Patents. Copyright ? 1993, 1994, 1995, 2001, 2011, 2020 by

Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC. Printed in the United States.

nit

rid

KEYSTONE

?

DESIGN MANUAL

& KEYWALL PRO OPERATING GUIDE

?

Unit

Unit

Geogrid

Design

Theory

Geogrid

Design

Theory

Design

Process

Design

Process

Keywall

Operating

instructions

Keywall

Operating

Appedix

A

Appedix

A

K e y s t o n e R e t ainstructions

ining Wall Units

Unit

Geogrid

Geogrid

Design

Theory

I

Design

Process

Design

Process

Keywall

Appedix

Operating

A

R

e

t

a

i

n

i

n

g Wall

instructions

I

Design

Theory

I

Design

Process

Design

Theory

Appedix

A

Appedix

B

A

A

Appedix

C

B

G e o s y instructions

nthetic Soil Reinforcement

Keywall

Operating

instructions

I

Keywall

Operating

structions

Keywall

Operating

Appedix

B

Appedix

A

Appedix

B

A

Appedix

B

A

Appedix

C

B

The Design Process

A

B

Appedix

C

B

Design Theory

C

Appedix

D

C

Appedix

D

C

Appedix

B

Appedix

C

B

Appedix

D

C

Appedix

C

Appedix

D

C

Appedix

D

D

D

D

D

D

K e y W a l l ?P R O O p e r a t i n g I n s t r u c t i o n s

Appedix

A

Appedix

B

Appedix

C

Appedix

D

Appendices

A

B

C

D

? 2020 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC

Original March 2001

Revised August 2001

Reprinted July 2006

Revised & Reprinted February 2011

Revised & Reprinted May 2020

INTRODUCTION

Table of Contents

TA B L E O F C ON T E N T S

Unit

Geogrid

Design

Design

Keywall

Appedix

Appedix

Appedix

Appedix

Theory

Process

Operating

A

B

C

D

Introduction.

. ........................................................................................................................................

iv

instructions

Design Manual & KeyWall PRO Operating Guide............................................................................. v

Geotechnical Responsibility . . ............................................................................................................ vi

References........................................................................................................................................... vii

?

PART ONE

I

Unit

Geogrid

Geogrid

I

Design

Theory

B

C

D

Keystone Retaining Wall Units........................................................................................................................................... 1.1

Keystone Materials................................................................................................................................................................. 1.2

Pinned Units

Keystone Standard? Unit.................................................................................................................................................. 1.2

Keystone Compac? Unit.................................................................................................................................................... 1.3

Lip/Lug Units

Regal Stone Pro?................................................................................................................................................................. 1.3

Broadstone?......................................................................................................................................................................... 1.3

Valera?................................................................................................................................................................................. 1.4

Design

Design

Keywall

Appedix

Appedix

Appedix Appedix

Unit

Shear Resistance............................................................................................................................................................

1.4

Theory

Process

Operating

A

B

C

D

instructions

Base Shear Resistance............................................................................................................................................................

1.4

Inter-Unit Shear Resistance............................................................................................................................................1.4-1.5

Shear Data & Analysis........................................................................................................................................................... 1.5

Typical Shear Resistance Between Units............................................................................................................................ 1.6

PART TWO

Unit

A

Keystone Retaining Wall Units

A

B

Geosynthetic Soil Reinforcement

C

D

Geosynthetic Soil Reinforcement......................................................................................................................................... 2.1

Design

Keywall

Appedix

Appedix

Appedix Appedix

Design

.....................................................................................................................................................................

2.2

Process Strength.

Operating

A

B

C

D

instructions

Reduction Factors..................................................................................................................................................................

2.3

Connection Strength........................................................................................................................................................2.4-2.5

Geosynthetic Soil Interaction Coefficient.......................................................................................................................2.5-2.6

Geogrid Manufacturers¡¯ Data.............................................................................................................................................. 2.6

PART THREE

A

B

C

Retaining Wall Design Theory

D

Retaining Wall Design Theory............................................................................................................................................ 3.1

Important Technical Definitions......................................................................................................................................... 3.2

Lateral Earth Pressure Theories.......................................................................................................................................... 3.3

Coulomb Earth Pressure Theory......................................................................................................................................... 3.4

Coulomb Earth Pressure Equation...............................................................................................................................3.4-3.5

Coulomb Failure Plane Location......................................................................................................................................... 3.6

Rankine Earth Pressure Theory.......................................................................................................................................... 3.6

Rankine Earth Pressure Equations...............................................................................................................................3.6-3.7

Rankine Failure Plane Location.......................................................................................................................................... 3.7

Trial Wedge Analysis............................................................................................................................................................ 3.8

Bearing Capacity.................................................................................................................................................................... 3.9

Applied Bearing Pressure..................................................................................................................................................... 3.9

Calculated Bearing Capacity.............................................................................................................................................. 3.10

Bearing Capacity Factors............................................................................................................................................3.10-3.11

Settlement.............................................................................................................................................................................. 3.11

Global Stability..................................................................................................................................................................... 3.12

Internal Compound Stability......................................................................................................................................3.12-3.13

Seismic Analysis................................................................................................................................................................... 3.14

I

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DESI G N M AN UAL

& K E Y W A L L? P R O O P E R A T I N G G U I D E

Geogrid

Design

Theory

Design

Process

Keywall

Operating

instructions

Appedix

A

Appedix

B

Appedix

C

Appedix

D

TABLE O F C O NT E N T S

PART FOUR

Design

Theory

Design

Process

AThe Design

B Process

C

D

Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................4.1

Design Methodology................................................................................................................................................................4.2

Unit Selection...........................................................................................................................................................................4.2

Wall Batter................................................................................................................................................................................4.3

Wall Geometry.........................................................................................................................................................................4.3

Wall Embedment.....................................................................................................................................................................4.4

Sloping Toe...............................................................................................................................................................................4.4

Soil Properties...........................................................................................................................................................................4.5

No-Fines Concrete Backfill....................................................................................................................................................4.6

Surcharge...................................................................................................................................................................................4.6

Reinforcement Type & Properties.........................................................................................................................................4.7

Soil Reinforcement Length.....................................................................................................................................................4.7

External Stability Analysis......................................................................................................................................................4.8

Battered Wall Design Options...............................................................................................................................................4.9

AASHTO LRFD............................................................................................................................................................ 4.9-4.10

Sliding Analysis......................................................................................................................................................................4.11

Coulomb - NCMA - Sliding................................................................................................................................................4.12

Rankine - AASHTO - Sliding.................................................................................................................................... 4.12-4.13

Overturning Analysis............................................................................................................................................................4.14

Coulomb - NCMA Overturning.........................................................................................................................................4.15

Rankine - AASHTO Overturning......................................................................................................................................4.15

Overturning............................................................................................................................................................................4.15

Bearing Capacity....................................................................................................................................................................4.15

Ultimate Bearing Capacity...................................................................................................................................................4.16

Internal Stability.....................................................................................................................................................................4.16

Tensile Capacity.....................................................................................................................................................................4.17

Tension Level Calculation....................................................................................................................................................4.18

Keywall

Appedix Internal

Appedix

Appedix

Tension..Appedix

...............................................................................................................................................4.19

AASHTO

Operating

A

B

C

D

instructions Connection Capacity..............................................................................................................................................................4.19

Pullout Capacity............................................................................................................................................................ 4.20-4.21

Stability of Facing..................................................................................................................................................................4.21

PART FIVE

A

B

KeyWall?PRO Operating Instructions

C

D

Installation & User¡¯s Guide.....................................................................................................................................................5.1

KeyWall?PRO Installation ............................................................................................................................................. 5.2-5.4

Launching the KeyWall?PRO Program........................................................................................................................ 5.4-5.5

Registration........................................................................................................................................................................ 5.6-5.9

KeyWall?PRO Windows Interface............................................................................................................................ 5.10-5.18

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