Materials: 1 - WPI



Materials: 1.D.I

The Five Pilgrims

|Grade Level |1 |

|Sessions |Session I: Read The Five Pilgrims – 20 minutes |

| |Session II: Classification of Materials – 25 minutes |

| |Session III: The Five Pilgrims Activity Booklet – 30 minutes |

| |Session IV: Building Pilgrim House – 60 minutes |

|Seasonality |Thanksgiving |

|Instructional Mode(s) |Whole class |

|Team Size |N/A |

|MA Frameworks |Skills of Inquiry |

| |1. Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment. |

| |2. Tell about why and what would happen if? |

| |3. Make predictions based on observed patter |

| |5. Record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements. |

| |6. Discuss observations with others. |

| |Earth and Space Science |

| |1. Describe the weather changes from day to day and over the seasons. |

| |Physical Sciences |

| |1. Sort objects by observable properties such as size, shape, color, weight, and texture. |

| |Technology/Engineering |

| |1. Materials and Tools |

| |1.1 Identify and describe characteristics of natural materials (e.g., wood, cotton, fur, wool) and |

| |human-made materials (e.g., plastic, Styrofoam). |

| |1.2 Identify and explain some possible uses for natural materials (e.g., wood, cotton, fur, wool) and |

| |human-made materials (e.g., plastic, Styrofoam). |

| |1.3 Identify and describe the safe and proper use of tools and materials (e.g., glue, scissors, tape, |

| |ruler, paper, toothpicks, straws, spools) to construct simple structures. |

|WPS Benchmarks |01.SC.IS.01 |

| |01.SC.IS.02 |

| |01.SC.IS.03 |

| |01.SC.IS.05 |

| |01.SC.IS.06 |

| |01.SC.ES.02 |

| |01.SC.PS.03 |

| |01.SC.TE.01 |

| |01.SC.TE.02 |

| |01.SC.TE.03 |

|Key Words |Materials, natural, properties, steel, synthetic |

Summary

This lesson will introduce students to different materials. Students will learn the differences between synthetic and natural materials. The Five Pilgrims will be read to the students, after which they will have an activity book to complete on materials. The students will then get to create their own house out of materials they bring from home.

Learning Objectives

Massachusetts Frameworks for Grades Pre K-2

Skills of Inquiry

1. Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.

2. Tell about why and what would happen if?

3. Make predictions based on observed patterns.

5. Record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements.

6. Discuss observations with others.

Physical Sciences

1. Sort objects by observable properties such as size, shape, color, weight, and texture.

Technology/Engineering

1. Materials and Tools

1.1 Identify and describe characteristics of natural materials (e.g., wood, cotton, fur, wool) and human-made materials (e.g., plastic, Styrofoam.)

1.2 Identify and explain some possible uses for natural materials (e.g., wood, cotton, fur, wool) and human-made materials (e.g., plastic, Styrofoam).

1.3 Identify and describe the safe and proper use of tools and materials (e.g., glue, scissors, tape, ruler, paper, toothpicks, straws, spools) to construct simple structures

2002 Worcester Public Schools (WPS) Benchmarks for Grade 1

01.SC.IS.01 Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events in the environment.

01.SC.IS.02 Tell about why and what would happen if?

01.SC.IS.03 Make predictions based on observed patterns.

01.SC.IS.05 Record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements.

01.SC.IS.06 Discuss observations with others.

01.SC.PS.03 Observe, describe, and classify materials and objects based on shape, size, color, texture, smell.

01.SC.TE.01 Identify and describe the characteristics of natural materials (e.g. wood, cotton, fur, wool) and human-made materials (e.g. plastic, Styrofoam).

01.SC.TE.02 Identify and explain some possible uses for natural materials (e.g. wood, cotton, fur, wool) and human-made materials (e.g. plastic, Styrofoam).

01.SC.TE.03 Identify and describe the safe and proper use of tools and materials (e.g., glue, scissors, tape, ruler, paper, toothpicks, straws, spools) to construct simple structure.

Additional Learning Objectives

1. Understand the difference between synthetic and natural materials.

2. Understand the properties and uses of different materials.

3. Understand that different materials can be used together.

Required Background Knowledge

1. None

Essential Questions

1. What are synthetic materials?

2. What are natural materials?

Introduction / Motivation

Start with questions. Ask what objects in the room are made of.

Procedure

Session I: Read The Five Pilgrims – 20 minutes

Instructor preparation:

1. Obtain a copy of The Five Pilgrims which can be found in the attachment section.

The instructor will:

1. Read The Five Pilgrims.

Session II: Classification of Materials – 25 minutes

Instructor preparation:

1. Collect materials and place one of each in a baggie. Make enough baggies so that each student has their own. Suggested materials include but are not limited to:

a. Paper clips

b. Rubber bands

c. Marbles

d. Index cards

e. Cotton balls

f. Leaves

g. Twigs

h. Screws

2. Print out signs from attachment section that you will have the students sort their materials according to.

3. Photocopy “Manmade and Natural Materials” worksheet for each student.

The instructor will:

1. Pass out bags with different materials in them. Hold up the signs stating different properties. Ask the students if they know what the word means.

2. Have students separate materials accordingly. Follow procedure for each sign leaving the natural and synthetic signs until last.

3. Explain to students what the difference between a natural and a man-made material is, and that man-made is also called synthetic. Natural materials are not altered from their natural state and synthetic materials have to be processed.

4. Distribute “Manmade and Natural Materials” worksheet to students.

5. Have the students use the Venn diagram to determine which of the materials given to them is manmade, natural, or could be considered both. (Example, the index cards are made from natural materials, but have been highly processed to form paper.)

Session III: The Five Pilgrims Activity Booklet – 30 minutes (each page can be done individually)

Instructor preparation:

1. Photocopy appropriate number of activity booklets.

2. Make overhead transparencies of each activity to help the students.

3. Fill out take-home letter for parents regarding supplies found in attachment section and photocopy for students to take home to gather materials for Session IV: Building Pilgrim House.

The instructor will:

1. Have students work on activity book.

2. Pass out attached take-home letter for parents regarding supplies.

Session IV: Building Pilgrim House – 60 minutes

Instructor preparation:

1. Make sure students brought in supplies from home (Take-home letter for parents regarding supplies should have been sent out in Session III: The Five Pilgrims Activity Booklet).

2. Obtain enough oak tag so that each student has 5 (5”x5”) pieces (approximately 2 ½ sheets).

3. Photocopy the templates for the sides and roof of the house. Each student should have 1 copy of each template.

The instructor will:

1. Review synthetic vs. natural materials.

2. Distribute oak tag and templates for the sides and roof of the house to students and have them take out the materials they brought from home.

3. Instruct the students to cut out both templates. Set aside the cut roof template.

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4. Trace the outside square of the house side template four times onto the oak tag.

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5. Cut the two lines on the template and fold the centerpiece up.

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6. Position the template onto the previously traced squares and draw the two lines of the template onto the oak tag pieces. Repeat for all four squares. The four squares will be the four sides of the house.

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7. Trace the roof template onto oak tag.

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8. Cut out all five oak tag pieces. For the four sides, cut along the two lines.

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9. Hold one of the side pieces with the two cut lines facing up. Take another one of the side pieces with the two cut lines facing down and connect together. Continue this for all four sides until the house is complete and standing. If necessary, use tape or glue to hold the house in place.

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10. Fold the roof piece in half and set on top of the house.

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11. Have students cover their houses with the materials they brought in from home. Use glue or tape to hold materials in place.

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12. Ask students to explain what materials they used to build their house and why. Make sure they understand which materials are natural and which are synthetic.

|Materials per student |Amount |Location |

|Oak tag |5 (5”x5”) pieces/ student |Template in attachment section; craftstore |

|Materials from home |Use at discretion |From home |

|Glue |Use at discretion |Drugstore |

|Activity book |1 per student |Attachment section |

|Bag of materials |1 per student |Craft store, drugstore, household items, etc. |

|Take–home form |1 per student |Attachment section |

|“Manmade and Natural Materials” |1 per student |Attachment section |

|worksheet | | |

|Materials per class |Amount |Location |

|The Five Pilgrims book |One |Attachment section |

|Property signs |Seven |Attachment section |

Materials List

Vocabulary with Definitions

1. Materials – the substance out of which a thing is or can be made.

2. Natural – present in or produced by nature.

3. Properties – traits or qualities that belong to an object.

4. Steel – a hard, synthetic metal often used in construction.

5. Synthetic – man-made.

Assessment / Evaluation of Students

The instructor may assess the students in any/all of the following manners:

1. Check activity book.

2. Ask questions: make sure they know the difference between natural and synthetic.

Lesson Extensions

The instructor might use this lesson as introduction to materials and as a background for later projects.

Attachments

1. The Five Pilgrims Book

2. Seven Property Signs

3. The Five Pilgrims Activity Booklet

4. Take-home letter for parents regarding supplies

5. Template for sides of house

6. Template for roof of house

7. “Manmade and Natural Materials” worksheet with Venn diagram

Troubleshooting Tips

None

Safety Issues

Students should be supervised at all times.

Additional Resources

None

References for Images Used

Size, color, shape, smell, texture, natural, man made

Microsoft Word WordArt

Sticks, hay, steel, leaves, sand

Microsoft Word Clip Art

Mud

ianandmanda. blog/mud-plop.jpg

Maze



Corn



Plow



Key Words

Materials, natural, properties, steel, synthetic

by:

Katie Bush

PIEE Program

Worcester Polytechnic Institute

&

Worcester Public Schools

Jennifer Gray

Karen Kosinski

Megan Homes

Steven Toddes

Leena Razzaq

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So the pilgrims put their heads together

and used each material the best way they could,

and lived happily together in a house made of

steel, hay, mud, sand, leaves, and wood.

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The Five Pilgrims Activity Book

By____________________

Connect the dots and color

Mr. Turkey!

The materials listed below each have five words underneath. Only some of the words describe the material that they are under. Cross out the words that don’t belong.

COTTON

White fluffy itchy hard soft

STEEL

Soft heavy strong bendable cold

WOOD

Natural brown stiff man-made stretchy

RUBBER

Stretchy bendable hard fluffy itchy

GLASS

Hard flexible smooth see-through natural

Building Materials Word Search

Find the natural and man made materials listed below in the word search.

A D I B T S B P S O

F J C O N C R E T E

H G K U C H I G O N

P L A S T I C M N D

V A B Y L R K Q E X

C S W O O D S W A J

K S G E Z E I F L S

FIND:

BRICKS

CONCRETE

GLASS

PLASTIC

STONE

WOOD

Building Materials Word Scramble

The pilgrims need to build their house. Below are the words: leaves, hay, steel, sticks, sand, and mud. Can you help unscramble the words so the pilgrims know what to build their house out of?

1) itskcs __________________________

 

2) ahy __________________________

 

3) letes __________________________

 

4) eeavsl __________________________

 

5) udm __________________________

 

6) ansd __________________________

 

 

Maize Maze

The pilgrims are hungry!

Help them find their way to the Thanksgiving Dinner.

Adam’s leaves have blown away! Help Adam to figure out which two leaves are identical.

Which two are identical?

DRAW A PILGRIM HOUSE AND TELL WHAT MATERIALS YOU USED

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______________________________________________________________________________

Date______________________

Dear Parents,

As part of our Technology/Engineering curriculum, students are designing and constructing model houses. Students are working with materials to identify those most appropriate for building a model house as well as characterizing the materials properties.

We ask that you please have your child bring in small amounts of materials that they could use to build a model house. Suggested materials are listed at the bottom of this note and can be collected and put in a plastic baggie. If you could help your child gather some of these materials and then have your child bring them to school on ____________________________________it would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you for you support!

Sincerely,

Partnerships Implementing Engineering Education

Suggested Items:

Aluminum Foil

Cotton Balls

Leaves

Sticks

Other outdoor findings (flowers/grass/etc)

Other common house hold items (buttons/Kleenex/etc)

Template for Sides of House

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Template for Roof of House

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Name:

Manmade and Natural

Directions: Use the Venn diagram below to sort the materials provided in the bag. If the material is manmade, write it in the section for manmade materials. If the material is natural, write it in the section for natural materials. If the material could be considered both manmade and natural, write it in the center where the circles overlap.

Manmade

Natural

-----------------------

The Five Pilgrims

Hopefully I can tell the story as I remember;

it was a cold afternoon in early November.

Five pilgrims were by a fire when it began to snow.

These pilgrims, who just came from England,

had no where warm to go.

One pilgrim said, “We should build a house,

to get out of the cold weather.”

Everyone agreed, but argued on what to use

and could not decide together.

The pilgrim named Sarah

decided to make her house warm and strong.

She did not know that her choice of hay

would be wrong.

The pilgrim named Sarah

decided to make her house warm and strong.

She did not know that her choice of hay

would be wrong.

Sarah went to the fields and gathered the hay,

but the wind came along and blew it away.

The pilgrim named Daniel

decided to make his house big and warm.

He did not know that a house of sticks

would fail in the upcoming storm.

Daniel made his house big

with three tall floors,

but after the storm,

all three floors came down and he again lived outdoors.

The pilgrim named Adam

decided to make his house warm and robust.

He did not know that his house of leaves

would be shaky until he saw the wind’s gust.

Adam ran from the forest

to protect his house out of leaves,

but finally gave up when the storm took the eaves.

The pilgrim named William

decided to make his house warm and neat.

He did not know making it out of mud and sand

would be such a feat.

The pilgrim named William

decided to make his house warm and neat.

He did not know making it out of mud and sand

would be such a feat.

William tried building with the mud and the sand,

but when the storm came,

William’s house did not stand.

The pilgrim named Mary

decided to make her house warm and nice.

She didn’t know that steel was cold

when outside there was ice.

Mary sat in her house,

shivering, irritated, and mad,

wondering about the houses

her friends had built and now had.

The pilgrim’s houses were each a very sad sight,

after the storm came through,

that very cold night.

They all came together to get warm by the fire,

now talking about what a house must require.

The materials they had used were not bad they thought,

but to make a house just out of one

left each pilgrim cold and distraught.

The pilgrims all talked about the materials they used

and why each did not work,

and then thought about how each of their choices had a perk.

The steel was strong,

that was not what was wrong.

The sticks could be tough, if you gathered enough.

The hay and leaves could keep you warm

in the cold winter storm.

The mud and sand could hold everything together,

in this windy weather.

LEAVES

SAND

& MUD

HAY

WOOD

STEEL

LEAVES

The End

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