Tutorial: Reading in XML files, reading in jpg files ...
Tutorial: Reading in XML files, reading in jpg files, constructing radio buttons, combo box plus error handling
This tutorial/set of notes describes how to build a Flash application constructed dynamically (during runtime) from data in XML files. There is a two step process: a combo box is constructed using information from an XML file called albums.xml. When the viewer makes a selection, it specifies a second xml file to be loaded. This file contains titles and file names for image files. The program builds radio buttons so the viewer can choose among the images.
The application uses the Snapshoterror.as described in another tutorial to create Snapshoterror objects. The .fla application makes reference to what is termed a Document class. In this case, the Document class is [defined in] the ReadXML.as file.
The application handles two types of errors: missing image files and ill-formed XML files. The handling of the missing image files is described in the previous tutorial. It is an asynchronous error, handled by addEventListener for the IO_ERROR event. The ill-formed XML problem is what is termed a synchronous or immediate error. It is handled using a try and catch construction.
Screen shots
The opening screen is
[pic]
When the viewer clicks on the arrow, the dropdown selections appear:
[pic]
If the viewer selects the Daniel's graduation (the one initially selected), the result is:
[pic]
At this point, the viewer can use the radio buttons to select pictures to see or click on Choose new album to return to the first screen. One of the album choices was made intentionally to be a badly formed XML file. It produces this screen:
[pic]
Similarly, the choice of Album with missing photo produces this screen:
[pic]
If the viewer selects the radio button labeled non-existent picture, this screen appears:
[pic]
The XML file that points to the other XML files is the following:
Daniel's graduation
album1.xml
Bad xml file
album1e.xml
Obama campaign pictures
obamapics.xml
Album with missing photo
albummissing.xml
The album1.xml file is
picnic3.jpg
Party in Ithaca
three.jpg
Celebrating thesis defense
emcoreydog.jpg
Esther, Corey and the dog
The badly formed xml file, album1e.xml, is
picnic3.jpg
Party in Ithaca
three.jpg
Celebrating thesis defense
emcoreydog.jpg
Esther, Corey and the dog
Development
This application consists of many files:
• a .fla file I gave the ungainly name xmlpicsxmlslidesdocument.fla
• Snapshoterror.as, described in a previous tutorial and tested using another .fla file not required here
• ReadXML.as, a file that serves as the Document class for the fla file, invoked when it is loaded
• xml files (albums.xml and all files named in albums.xml)
• jpg files (all files named in all the xml files)
The Snapshoterror.as file is located in a folder named familyscenes located in a folder named as3. For the MAC, the as3 folder is in the same folder as the xmlpicsmlslidesdocument.fla file. For the PC, the as3 folder is located at the top of the C drive, that also contains, several folders down, the fla file. The xml and the jpg files are in the same folder as the fla file. When this application is published, the results html and swf files along with all the xml and jpg files must be uploaded together to the same folder on the server. Note: it is possible to access xml files and jpg files elsewhere on the Web, but the coding here assumes the xml files and the jpg files are in the same folder.
The xmlpicsxmlslidesdocument.fla file doesn't contain code. I did add a text field saying View Photo Album. You also need to click on Window/Component and move Button, Radio Button and ComboBox to the Library. You need to set the Document Class to ReadXML. This is the name of the file with the code. Lastly, you need to do File/Publish Settings Flash Settings and browse to as3. By the way, if you build this application by modifying the getsnapshoterror.fla file, this will be set already.
I will give an overview of the ReadXML file, focusing on specific functions and then describe the code line by line.
As a class definition pointed to as a Document Class, ReadXML is part of a package without a name. The class must extend MovieClip since it defines behavior for the movie clip that is the fla file. The import statements include the usual built-in Flash features along with familyscenes, the package containing Snapshoterror.
The ReadXML class contains the constructor method along with methods invoked through addEventListener calls. These are:
|method |invoked by/when |
|listxmlLoaded |… the first xml file is loaded |
|backtochoosing |… the button is clicked |
|getname |… comboBox selection |
|xmlLoaded |… the specified xml file with image data is loaded |
|changeslide |… a radio button is clicked indicating a new picture |
|errorhandler |… error in loading XML file |
The constructor method (ReadXML) must be public. All others are the default internal since they are only invoked by code in the class, namely by action of the addEventListener calls.
The errorhandler method will not be invoked as long as albums.xml and all the album xml files cited in it are present. NOTE: the missing image error is handled in the Snapshoterror code. Please note that I set up these files so that there IS a missing file to demonstrate the working of the code. Similarly, I made one of the xml files be badly formed (see above) to demonstrate another type of error handling. The badly formed XML is handled in a try and catch construction to be described below.
The chooseagain button is created in the constructor method, but its visible property is set to false and only set to visible in the getname method.
Radio buttons are set up to be part of one RadioButtonGroup. Flash implements radio buttons using a RadioButtonGroup object and any number of RadioButton objects. One RadioButtonGroup object is created as one of the object variables for the ReadXML object. The individual RadioButton objects are created based on the data for each album, that is, xml file. Notice that RadioButtons are removed from the display list and there is a call to removeEventListener as part of the backtochoosing method, the handler for the choosebutton being clicked. RadioButtons have labels and values. The label is what the viewer sees next to the button. The value, in this case, is the index into a slides array that has been filled with the names of the Snapshoterror objects, namely the loaded in jpg images. All but one of these are set visible equal false.
ReadXML.as file:
|package { |package header. Note: no name since it is|
| |only holder for the Document class file |
|import familyscenes.*; |programmer package. Holds Snapshoterror |
|import fl.controls.*; | |
|import flash.events.*; | |
|import flash.display.*; | |
|import flash.text.*; | |
|import .*; | |
|import flash.errors.*; | |
|public class ReadXML extends MovieClip { |class header. Must extend (be a subclass)|
| |of MovieClip since it is a Document class|
|var myXML:XML = new XML(); |will hold the first XML document read it |
| |(albums.xml) |
|var XML_URL:String ; |name of the file |
|var tf:TextField = new TextField(); |for XML parsing error |
|var myXMLURL:URLRequest; | |
|var myLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader(); |for albums.xml |
|var myLoader2:URLLoader = new URLLoader(); |for any of the album lists, that is, the |
| |other .xml files |
|var slides:Array = []; |Used for manipulating which image is |
| |shown |
|var fixedw:int = 300; |Fixed maximum width |
|var rbg:RadioButtonGroup = new RadioButtonGroup("gp"); | |
|var rbarray:Array = []; |Hold radio buttons so they can be erased |
|var rbystart:int = 120; |vertical position of first radio button |
|var xstart:int = 100; |horizontal position of images |
|var ystart:int = 100; |vertical position of images |
|var hook:MovieClip; |Used for call to Snapshoterror |
|var mycombo:ComboBox; |Drop down list of 'albums' |
|var chooseagain:Button = new Button(); |The button to go back to choosing an |
| |album |
| | |
|public function ReadXML():void { |Constructor method. Invoked when movie is|
| |loaded. |
| //create a combo box using albums.xml data | |
| XML_URL = "albums.xml"; |File name for list of lists |
| myXMLURL = new URLRequest(XML_URL); | |
| myLoader.load(myXMLURL); | |
| myLoader.addEventListener(PLETE,listxmlLoaded); |Set up event when loading is complete |
| myLoader.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, errorhandler); |Set up event if any io error. |
| chooseagain.label = "Choose new album"; |Meanwhile, prepare the chooseagain button|
| chooseagain.y = 100; |Position vertically |
| chooseagain.x = 500; |…. horizontally |
| chooseagain.width = 200; |set width |
| chooseagain.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,backtochoosing); |set up event handling |
| this.addChild(chooseagain); |Add to display list |
| chooseagain.visible = false; | (but) make not visible for now |
|} |End ReadXML method |
| | |
|function listxmlLoaded(ev:Event):void { |Method to set up combo box |
| myXML = XML(myLoader.data); |Extract data and parse to create XML |
| |object |
| mycombo = new ComboBox(); | |
| for each(var prop:XML in myXML.album) { |for each album element |
|mycombo.addItem({label:prop.title, data:prop.address}); |… add to mycombo, setting label and data |
| } |End for each loop |
| mycombo.width = 200; |Set width |
| mycombo.x = 100; |Position horizontally |
| mycombo.y = 200; |… and vertically |
| this.addChild(mycombo); |Add to display list |
|mycombo.addEventListener(Event.CHANGE,getname); |Set up event handling |
| mycombo.addEventListener(Event.CLOSE,getname); | … both events |
|} |End method |
| | |
| | |
|function backtochoosing(ev:Event):void { |Method for clicking on button to go back |
| |to choosing albums button |
| chooseagain.visible = false; |Set button (again) to not be visible |
| mycombo.visible = true; |Make mycombo visible |
| var i:int; |Remove pictures and radio buttons |
| var origsize:int = slides.length; |Need this because code pops arrays and |
| |need to define how many times to pop |
| | |
| for (i=0;i ................
................
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