Effects of Radiation at the Cellular Level

Effects of Radiation at the

Cellular Level

10/25/2010

1

Table of Contents

Topic

Slide Number

Cellular Components

Chromosomes DNA and RNA

Apoptosis

Cells Life Cycle

Interaction of Radiation with Cellular Components

Direct and Indirect Effects

DNA Damage and Repair

Chromosomal Aberrations

Cytogenetic Dosimetry

Consequences of Damage to DNA

Cell Survival Curves

Factors Affecting Radiosensitivity

References

3

17

25

31

43

52

56

71

80

85

90

100

129

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Cellular Components

3

General

The cell is the basic

building block of

biological systems.

There are ca. 1014

Th

cells in the human

body.

A typical cell is 10 to

20 um in size.

4

Cell Membrane (plasma membrane)

A thin bilayer of phospholipids surrounding the cell.

It serves as a passive barrier impenetrable to most

polar molecules (water is an exception).

Proteins distributed throughout the membrane

actively control the movement of many ions and

molecules into and out of the cell

5

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