NIST's Findings On The World Trade Center Fire and Collapse
NIST's Findings On The World Trade Center Fire and Collapse
NFPA World Safety Conference & Exposition Las Vegas, NV June 8, 2005
S. Shyam Sunder & William L. Grosshandler
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
National Context
? The collapse of the World Trade Center structures following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 was one of the worst-ever building disasters in recorded history ? killing 2749 people.
? More than 400 fire and emergency responders were among those killed, the largest loss of life for this group in a single incident.
? Strong private sector, public, and Congressional demand for a comprehensive response to the World Trade Center disaster.
? Congress passed and the President signed into law on October 1, 2002, the National Construction Safety Team (NCST) Act. ? Gives NIST authorities to investigate building failures. ? Modeled after the NTSB, with some differences.
NCST Advisory Committee
z Appointed by the NIST Director.
z Functions... ? Review procedures and reports ? Evaluate activities of teams ? Assess implementation of recommendations ? Annual report to Congress
z Reviewed WTC Investigation plan, progress, findings, draft recommendations at 6 meetings.
Members
Dr. Charles Thornton, Co-Chairman, Thornton-Tomasetti.
Dr. Robert Hanson, Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan.
Mr. Philip DiNenno, President, Hughes Associates.
Professor Glenn Corbett, John-Jay College, NYC.
Dr. Kathleen Tierney, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Mr. Paul Fitzgerald, FM Global, (ret.)
Mr. David Collins, The Preview Group.
z Reviewed all WTC progress & final reports
Professor Forman Williams, University of California at San Diego.
z Membership balances broad scope of disciplines and interests
Dr. John Barsom, President, Barsom Consulting.
BPAT Recommendations
WWTTCC IInnvveessttiiggaattiioonn
WTC Response Plan
Govt. Industry Professional Academic Inputs/Actions
Public Inputs/ Efforts
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Guidance and Tools for Improved Practices
Owners, Contractors, Designers, Emergency Responders and Regulatory Authorities
Technical Basis for Improved Building and Fire Codes and Standards
Standards and Code Development Organizations
NIST WTC Investigation Objectives
? Determine: ? why and how the WTC Towers collapsed following the initial impact of the aircraft, and ? why and how the 47-story WTC 7 collapsed
? Determine why the numbers of injuries and fatalities were so low or high depending on location, including technical aspects of fire protection, occupant behavior, evacuation, and emergency response
? Determine the procedures and practices that were used in the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the WTC buildings
? Identify, as specifically as possible, areas in current national building and fire model codes, standards, and practices that warrant revision
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