Color Vocabulary



1 Color Vocabulary

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Color Wheel: A circular arrangement of color which shows the relationships of colors.

Color Scheme: Color combinations used in a work of art.

Hue: The name of a color as it appears on the color wheel: red, orange, yellow, red-violet, etc.

Intensity: The lightness and darkness of a color of a hue. A hue at its highest intensity has no other color mixed with it.

Value: The natural lightness or darkness of a hue or the amount of white or black in a color. Pink is a light value of red, navy-blue is a dark value of blue. So you change the value by changing the tint or shade.

Tint: Hue plus white. If you say you want more tint you are saying you want that color to be lighter.

Shade: Hue plus black. So you will be getting a darker color.

Tone: A tone is created when a color grey is added to a color.

Saturation: The “purity” of a color. How much grey is added to a color.

Primary Colors: The additive primaries (colors created directly using light) are red, green and blue. The subtractive (or pigment) color primaries are yellow, magenta red and cyan blue.

Secondary Colors: Hues mixed from adjacent primaries. In paint, the secondary colors are violet, green and orange.

Tertiary Color: A hue that is mixed from a primary color and an adjacent secondary color.

Neutral Color: Neutral colors are not seen on most color wheels. Black, grey, white and brown are neutral colors.

Warm Color: The colors of red, orange, and yellow are considered warm colors because they are the colors of fire. These hues are also said to advance, meaning they appear to come forward.

Cool Color: Blue, green, and violet are considered cool colors. These colors have a tendency to feel like they are receding (or backing away from you).

Analogous Color: A color scheme based on hues that are adjacent (or next to one another) on a color wheel, such as red, red-orange, orange and yellow-orange.

Complementary Colors: Hues which oppose one another on a color wheel. When side-by-side, complementary colors create wonderful contrast. When mixed, complementary colors create a range of browns.

Split Complementary: A color plus the two colors on either side of its complement on the color wheel.

Monochromatic Color: A color system based on variations in a single hue. This color scheme consists of one color and black & white. There are two types of monochromatic color schemes, high contrast values and full range values.

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