Becoming Taiwanese Muslims: Ethnic, National, and ...

Becoming Taiwanese Muslims: Ethnic, National, and Religious Identity Transformations In a Muslim Minority

Robert Pelletier

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment

of the MA degree in Anthropology

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa

? Robert Pelletier, Ottawa, Canada 2014

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Table of Contents

List of Tables......................................................................................... 3 Legend............................................................................................ 4 Abstract .............. ........................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgements..................................................................................... 7 Glossary.......................................................................................... 8 Introduction....................................................................................... 12 Research Methodology......................................................................... 19 1. Literature review............................................................................ 21 1.1 Mainlander Studies........................................................................ 21 1.2 The Hui in Taiwan........................................................................... 27 1.3 Identity Theory..................................................................................... 30 1.4 Chinese and Taiwanese.................................................................... 37 2. Historical Background ..................................................................... 40 2.1 The People of Taiwan...................................................................... 40 2.2 Islam in China................................................................................ 47 2.3 Islam in Taiwan............................................................................. 51 3. Becoming More Muslim: Contemporary Islam in Taiwan................................ 62 3.1 Islamic practice and Muslim interactions in Taipei............................................. 66 Halal Taiwan food expo......................................................................... 67 Ramadan.......................................................................................... 71 Halal Restaurents in Taipei................................................................... 78 Eid al-Fitr......................................................................................... 84 3.2 From Huijiao to Islam: Religious change in Taipei .................................... 88 4. Taiwanese Mainlanders..................................................................... 96 4.1 Chinese as an Ethnic Category in Taiwan................................................ 99

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4.2 Fundamentally Taiwanese.................................................................. 102 Conclusion....................................................................................... 109

Bibliography...................................................................... 113

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List of Tables

Tables 1. Changes in the Unification ? Independence stances of Taiwanese 25 2. Changes in Taiwanese/Chinese identity of Taiwanese 103

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Legend

CMA Chinese Muslim Association DPP Democratic Progressive Party KMT Kuomintang PRC People's Republic of China ROC Republic of China

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