Ms. Buffalino's Website
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Ms. Buffalino
9AP
The answers for this packet can be found in: the Prentice Hall Review Book (online), the Traditions and Encounters textbook, your weekly assignment book and 5 Steps to a 5 (student elite edition). Note: We may not have covered all of the material in class notes. You are responsible for content found in: this packet, class notes, weekly assignments, quizzes, exams, assigned readings and any project we may have done.
Exam: 55 stimulus based M.C., 3 SAQs and an AP style DBQ Essay
Assigned: ______________ Due Date: _________
Student Name: _________________Parent Signature: ________________
Geography Review
|Category |Russia |India |England |China |Japan |Latin America |
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|Features | | | | | | |
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|Impact of Features | | | | | | |
|Socially | | | | | | |
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|Impact of Features | | | | | | |
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|Impact of Features | | | | | | |
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Key Point Checklist
Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations, to 600 BCE
1. Archeological evidence indicates that during the Paleolithic era, hunting-foraging bands of humans gradually migrated from their origin in East Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas, adapting their technology and cultures to new climate regions.
2. Beginning about 10,000 years ago, the Neolithic Revolution led to the development of new and more complex economic and social systems.
3. Possibly as a response to climatic change, permanent agricultural villages emerged first in the lands of the eastern Mediterranean. Agriculture emerged at different times in Mesopotamia, the Nile River Valley and Sub-Saharan Africa, the Indus River Valley, the Yellow River or Huang He Valley, Papua New Guinea, Mesoamerica, and the Andes.
4. Pastoralism developed at various sites in the grasslands of Afro-Eurasia.
5. Different crops or animals were domesticated in the various core regions, depending on available local flora and fauna.
6. Surpluses of food and other goods led to specialization of labor, including new classes of artisans and warriors, and the development of elites.
7. Improvements in agricultural production, trade, and transportation:
• Pottery
• Plows
• Woven textiles
• Metallurgy
• Wheels and wheeled vehicles
8. Core and foundational civilizations developed in a variety of geographical and environmental settings where agriculture flourished.
• Mesopotamia in the Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys
• Egypt in the Nile River Valley
• Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa in the Indus River Valley
• Shang in the Yellow River or Huang He Valley
• Olmecs in Mesoamerica
• Chavin in Andean South America
9. As states grew and competed for land and resources, the more favorably situated — including the Hittites, who had access to iron — had greater access to resources, produced more surplus food, and experienced growing populations. These states were able to undertake territorial expansion and conquer surrounding states.
10. Early regions of state expansion or empire building were Mesopotamia, Babylonia, and the Nile Valley.
11. Culture played a significant role in unifying states through laws, language, literature, religion, myths, and monumental art.
12. States developed legal codes, including the Code of Hammurabi, that reflected existing hierarchies and facilitated the rule of governments over people. Trade expanded throughout this period from local to regional and transregional, with civilizations exchanging goods, cultural ideas, and technology.
13. Trade expansion from local to regional and transregional:
• Between Egypt and Nubia
• Between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley
14. Social and gender hierarchies intensified as states expanded and cities multiplied. Know the social pyramids of the various civilizations.
15. Literature was also a reflection of culture.
Ancient Civilizations
What was the Neolithic Revolution and why is it significant?
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How did the Neolithic Revolution impact women?
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Ancient Civilizations Chart
|Civilizations |Geography |Religion |Government |Contributions |
|Egypt | | | | |
|Mesopotamia | | | | |
|(Sumer) | | | | |
|Indus River Valley | | | | |
|(Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro) | | | | |
|China | | | | |
KEY CONCEPTS/TERMS/IDEAS
Traditions and Encounters: Weekly Book
1. What does the term prehistory refer to?
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2. What was Lucy? Why is she significant?
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3. What societal changes were brought about by agriculture?
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4. Define: patriarchal society
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5. What is civilization? Who is civilized? How is this concept biased?
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6. Bering Strait/land bridge (Chapter 6)
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7. Why was the Neolithic Revolution critical for the rise of civilization?
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8. How did demographics change from Stone Age to the first urbanized cultures?
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9. The Epic of Gilgamesh
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10. Shifting cultivation
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11. Sargon of Akkad
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12. Hammurabi’s Codes
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13. What is the difference between a decentralized form of government and a
centralized form of government?
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14. Assyrians
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15. Economic specialization
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16. Stratification
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17. Stratified patriarchal society
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18. Describe the significance of the Trans-Saharan migration.
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19. Elite
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20. Cuneiform
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21. Oligarchy
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22. Polytheism
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23. Cross Cultural Interaction and Exchange
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24. Semitic
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25. City-State
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26. Empire
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27. Hammurabi
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28. Indo-Europeans
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29. Hittites
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30. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
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31. Bronze and Iron Metallurgy
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32. Pastoral Nomads
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33. Hebrews
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34. Israelites
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35. How does Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt differ?
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36. Jews
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37. Abraham and Moses
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38. Monotheism and polytheism
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39. Phoenicians
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40. What role did women play in these ancient civilizations?
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41. What is the significance of the Silk Road?
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42. Why was China known as the “Middle Kingdom?”
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43. What is a dynasty?
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44. What was the Mandate of Heaven?
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45. Describe the role of the ruler of the Zhou dynasty in China:
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46. What is the significance of the “forbidden city?”
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47. What is the significance of the “son of heaven?”
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48. China’s Sorrow
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49. Loess
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50. Zhou Dynasty
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51. Staple foods (rice, millet, wheat, barley)
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52. Oracle Bones
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53. What was the dynastic cycle, where was the dynastic cycle practiced, and
why is it significant?
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54. How did geography influence the rise of civilizations?
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55. Compare the similarities and differences among early civilizations.
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56. What social hierarchies, gender relationships, and social inequalities arose?
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57. Impact of Bantu Migration
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58. Impact of Germanic Tribes
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59. Impact of Trans-Saharan Trade Movement
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60. Impact of Indo-European Migrations
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61. Rosetta Stone
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62. Hieroglyphics
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63. Menes
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64. Pharaoh
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65. Mummification
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66. Scribe
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67. Pyramid
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68. Ziggurat
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Prentice Hall 13-17
Greece
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|Socrates |Plato |Aristotle |
|Socratic Method of questioning as a |Wrote The Republic |Developed ideas on government |
|learning tool. |Favored a strong, controlling government|Favored the one strong and wise rule as |
| | |best form. |
|Considered to be first western |Society has three classes: Philosophers,|Human Reason was the key to learning |
|philosopher |Soldiers, and Workers | |
| | |
|Terms and Concepts for |Answer/Description |
|Greece & Rome | |
|Define a direct democracy: | |
|Define a republic: | |
|Define patricians and plebeians: | |
|Who was Pericles? | |
|What was the role of women in classical civilizations? | |
|Define: Polis | |
|How did the role of women in Athens and Sparta differ? | |
Rome
Prentice Hall, page 15
Prentice Hall, page 20
What did the fall of the Roman Empire pave the way for?[pic]
Prentice Hall, pages 18-21
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Compare and contrast the Han Dynasty vs. the Roman Empire:
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KEY CONCEPTS/TERMS/IDEAS
Traditions and Encounters: Weekly Book
1. Darius
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2. Impact of Persian Empire
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3. Alexander the Great
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4. Persepolis
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5. Anatolia
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6. Achaemenids
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7. Macedonia
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8. Bureaucrats
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9. Hellenistic Accomplishments (list 5):
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Traditions and Encounters: Weekly Book
1. Homer
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2. Mycenaeans
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3. King Minos
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4. Minoans
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5. Polis
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6. Pericles
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7. Persian Wars
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8. Peloponnesian Wars
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9. Sparta
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10. Stoics
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11. The Illiad and The Odyssey
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12. Trojan War
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13. Minoan Linear A and B
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14. Helot
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15. Ptolemy
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16. Olympic Games
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17. Tyrant
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18. Solon
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19. Sappho
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Prentice Hall, pages 44-47
The Byzantine Empire is the eastern half of the Roman Empire that lasted until about 1453.
|What was Justinian’s Code and who was |Orthodox Christian Church |Great Schism |
|Justinian? | | |
|Cyrillic Alphabet |Orthodox Christianity |Autocratic Government |
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KEY CONCEPTS/TERMS/IDEAS
Traditions and Encounters: Weekly Book
1. Confucius
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2. Qin Shi Huangdi
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3. Liu Bang
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4. Calligraphy
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5. Han Wudi
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6. Hegemony
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7. Yellow Turban Uprising
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8. Analect
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9. Legalism
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10. Great Wall of China
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11. Tribute state
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12. Silk
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Prentice Hall, pages 21-27
Belief Systems
|Belief System |Approximate Date, Place of Origin and/or Place Worshiped |Founder, Beliefs and Sacred Text |
|Animism | | |
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|Shintoism | | |
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|Taoism | | |
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|Hinduism | | |
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|Buddhism | | |
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|Judaism | | |
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|Christianity | | |
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|Islam | | |
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|Confucianism | | |
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|Zoroastrianism | | |
|[pic] | | |
|T& E | | |
|Sikhism | | |
|[pic] | | |
|T& E | | |
|Baha’i | | |
|[pic] | | |
|T& E | | |
|Legalism | | |
|[pic] | | |
|T& E | | |
|Jainism | | |
|[pic] | | |
|T& E | | |
|Terms and Concepts |Answer/Description |
|List the polytheistic religions: | |
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|List the monotheistic religions: | |
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|Caste System | |
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|Filial Piety | |
|Karma | |
|Dharma | |
|Reincarnation | |
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|Why were the first religions polytheistic? Explain. | |
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|Is religion unifying or divisive? Explain. | |
|Why is Jerusalem considered a turbulent city? | |
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|How did belief systems shape social structures and | |
|gender relationships? | |
|Define: Paganism | |
KEY CONCEPTS/TERMS/IDEAS
Traditions and Encounters: Weekly Book
1. Aryans
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2. Semi-precious stones
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3. Ecological degradation
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4. Varna
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5. Jati
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6. Social mobility
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7. Ritual sacrifices
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8. Upanishads
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9. Samsara
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10. Moksha
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11. Harappans
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12. Sewage systems
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13. Vedas, Rig Vedas, Vedic Age
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14. Brahmins
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15. Sati (suttee)
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16. Draidians
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17. Brahaman
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18. Karma
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19. Ascetic, asceticism
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20. Be able to explain the geographic spread of Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam
and its impact on gender. Also describe how the religions were altered as they spread from region to region.
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Prentice Hall, pages 106-111
LATIN AMERICA (Mesoamerica)[pic]
| |OLMECS |MAYAS |AZTECS |INCAS |
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|POLITICAL STRUCTURE (gov’t) | | | | |
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|ROLE OF RELIGION | | | | |
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|ACHIEVEMENTS | | | | |
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YOU CAN DO IT!
GOOD LUCK!
Take advantage of the resources on Ms. Buffalino’s download’s page and the review books you have been provided.
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Pages 2-8
Prentice Hall Review Book
Neolithic Revolution
How did agricultural advancements impact society?
[pic]
Sparta
Athens
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How did I, Julius Caesar pave the way for the Roman Empire?
I am considered to be the first Roman Emperor. Who am I?
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What was the Pax Romana? When did it occur? Where did occur?
Who was the leader that began it?
[pic]
Accomplishments
During the
Pax Romana
[pic]
What lead to the fall of the Roman Empire?
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BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Effect On
Russia
[pic]Roman Empire
[pic]
Byzantine Empire
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