Regents Review # 1 Pre History and the Neolithic Era



Regents Review # 1 Pre History and the Neolithic EraImportant Terms:Civilization:Culture:Nomadic:Domestication:Surplus:ArchaeologyEarly HumansFill out the following chart using information about early Humans.What is meant by the term prehistory?How are scientists able to learn how old an item or artifact is?What is used to determine the level of advancement of various human ancestors?What time period was the Paleolithic Age?How did people survive during the Paleolithic Age?Hunters and GatherersGender RolesTechnologyLifestyleCulture and ArtCharacteristics and Consequences of the Neolithic RevolutionDefinition:EconomyDevelopment of VillagesEffects of the Neolithic RevolutionWhat are the major characteristics of Civilization? PRACTICE!Early peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival are calleda. hunters and gatherersb. village dwellersc. Subsistence farmersd. guild membersDuring which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops first occur?a. Iron Ageb. Old Stone Agec. Neolithic Revolutiond. Scientific RevolutionWhich social scientists are best known for studying the physical artifacts of a culture?a. geographersb. archaeologistsc. economistsd. sociologistsThe term that refers to the taming of animals for human use isa. domesticationb. archaeologyc. Nomadicd. CultureReview #2 Development of Advanced Civilization: River ValleysImportant TermsSiltAryansCaste SystemCity-stateCuneiformEmpireFertile CrescentHieroglyphicsHammurabi’s CodeSumeriansMesopotamiaEgyptIndus RiverAncient ChinaWhat was the name of the River?What technological developments did this society utilize?What legal codes were used by this civilization?What was this society’s economy based upon?Did this society have a system of writing? Why would this civilization be considered an advanced civilization?PRACTICE!!!!Which conclusion is best supported by these statements?Major urban centers are found only along riversThe geography of a nation or region influences its developmentWithout mountains and rivers, people cannot develop a cultureThe spread of a new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquestWhich statement most accurately describes how geography affected the growth of the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia?River valleys provided rich soil to grow plentiful cropsLarge deserts provided many mineral depositsAccess to the Atlantic Ocean provided trade routesLarge savanna areas provided protection from invaders.Review #3Classical Civilizations Greece and RomeIMPORTANT VOCABULARY:Aegean Sea:Aristocracy:SocratesSocratic Method:Polis:Athens:Democracy:Direct Democracy:Representative Democracy:OligarchySparta:Tyrant:Laws of the Twelve Tables:Pax Romana:Patrician:Plebeian:Senate:Republic:City states were at the center of Greek Life. City states were not united, but rather maintained loose affiliations between one another. Two important city states that you should be familiar with are Sparta and Athens. Focus on the Role of Government in your studies.ATHENSSPARTAWhat was their style of government?What was the daily life of people like?What was the role of geography in the development of Greek Civilization?GREEK PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHERWhat were the major ideas of this philosopher?The SophistsSocratesPlatoAristotleROMAN GOVERNMENTDevelopment of the RepublicSocial Class in RomeRepresentative AssembliesSystem of Written LawWhat factors existed that allowed the Romans to build a vast empire?1.2.3. What were the causes for the decline of the Roman Empire?1. 2. 3.What role did Christianity have in the development of the Roman Empire?What problems existed between the Romans and the Jews?Why are the Roman and Greek Civilizations considered the foundation for modern civilization? Review #4 The Middle AgesIMPORTANT VOCABULARYFeudalism:FiefPopeChivalryManorialism:Social Mobility:Nobility:Serfs:The Feudal SystemKingsGive large land grants to Upper Lords called fiefsGive ProtectionReceives money, military service, and adviceUpper LordsGive land grants to Lesser LordsGive ProtectionReceives money, military serviceLesser LordsGive land grants to knightsReceives money, military serviceKnightsGive land to peasants/serfsReceives crops, laborPeasants/ SerfsReceives land to farm Pays with labor, cropsThe social structure of Feudal Europe had no social mobility which means_____________________________________________________________________.Answer the following questions based on the chart:1. What role did the serfs play in feudal society?______________________________2. Which group was the smallest portion of the population?________________________3. Which group was the largest portion of the population?________________________4. How does land relate to power in the development of feudal Europe?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. What is the role of land in feudal society? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Role of the Church During the Middle AgesSocialPoliticalEconomicalBLACK DEATH:How did the Black death affect the Jewish Population?What were some of the positive effects of the Black Death upon the peasant population?DECLINE OF CHURCH POWER (list the reasons for the decline in Church Power)PRACTICE!!The Middle Ages in Western Europe was characterized bythe manor system and the importance of land ownership absolute monarchies and strong central governments decreased emphasis on religion in daily life extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East Feudal societies are generally characterized byan emphasis on social order a representative government many economic opportunities the protection of political rights In Europe during the Middle Ages, the force that provided unification and stability was thecentral government in Rome military alliance between France and Germany federation of the craft guilds Roman Catholic Church Review #5 The CrusadesCultural DiffusionInfidelsPalestineJerusalemJihadIslamCauses and Effects of the CrusadesCausesEffectsPRACTICE!!!In Europe, a long-term effect of the Crusades wasthe strengthening of the feudal system the adoption of Islamic religious practices an increased demand for goods from the East increased European isolation Which statement best describes the result of the Crusades?Europeans maintained a lasting control over much of the Middle East Islamic influence dominated Europe Europeans developed tolerance of Non-Christian religions trade between Europe and the Middle East was expanded What were two indirect results of the Crusades?trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was strengthened trade and commerce declined and the feudal system was strengthened trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was weakened trade and commerce declined and the feudal system was weakened Review #6 The RenaissanceIMPORTANT VOCABULARYRenaissanceHumanismCommercial RevolutionCapitalismVernacularSecularLeonardo da VinciMachiavelliLIFE DURING THE RENAISSANCESocial LifeEducationArtLanguageWhy was Leonardo da Vinci considered to be a “Renaissance Man”?What were the basics behind the ideas of Machiavelli?Describe the system of city states that existed in Italy during the Renaissance.Review #7 The ReformationImportant VocabularyIndulgenceSimonyPredestinationMartin Luther95 ThesesJohn CalvinWhat were the causes for individual discontent with the R.C. Church?What actions were taken to solve this discontentment?How did the actions during the Reformation indicate a need for change within the Church?Do you think the Commercial Revolution and the Renaissance influenced this event?Review #8 AGE OF EXPLORATIONBefore Europeans arrived in the Americas, there were civilizations that thrived. IMPORTANT VOCABULARYConquistadorsHernan CortesColonyColumbian ExchangeEncomiendaMercantalismMiddle PassagePlantationTriangular TradeTributeCultural DiffusionSmall PoxMayaAztecIncaGeographic LocationTechnologyGovernmentSocietyWhat were the major causes for the fall of the Native American tribes in South America?Is this negative or positive imperialism?Label the Regions on this map that participated in the Triangular Trade. Also label the leg of the passage that is known as the “Middle Passage”.left-3175Look at this chart and make a note of the products that have come to the Americas via the Columbian Exchange.Old World to New World:New World to Old World: Diseases: Smallpox MeaslesChicken PoxMalariaYellow FeverInfluenzaThe Common Cold SyphilisAnimals: Horses CattlePigsSheepGoatsChickens TurkeysLlamasAlpacasGuinea Pigs Plants: Rice WheatBarleyOatsCoffeeSugarcaneBananasMelonsOlivesDandelionsDaisiesCloverRagweedKentucky Bluegrass Corn (Maize)Potatoes (White & Sweet Varieties)Beans (Snap, Kidney, & Lima Varieties)TobaccoPeanutsSquashPeppersTomatoesPumpkinsPineapplesCacao (Source of Chocolate)Chicle (Source of Chewing Gum)PapayasManioc (Tapioca)GuavasAvocados SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND ENLIGHTENMENTWHAT WAS THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION?SCIENTIST/CONCEPTACHIEVEMENTCOPERNICUSGALILEONEWTONSCIENTIFIC METHODWHAT WAS THE ENLIGHTENMENT?THINKERIDEAS DEVELOPEDLOCKEMONTESQUIEUVOLTAIREROUSSEAUIMPACT OF THE ENLIGHTENMENTEXPLANATIONGOVERNMENT CENSORSHIPENLIGHTENED DESPOTSDEMOCRACY AND NATIONALISMREVOLUTIONS REVIEWREVOLUTIONSThere are three types of revolutions. Using the chart below, define the type of revolution and give examples of each [Note that one revolution may fit in more than one category]:REVOLUTION TYPEDEFINITIONEXAMPLESECONOMICSOCIALPOLITICALFRENCH REVOLUTIONCAUSESEFFECTSWHAT WAS THE REIGN OF TERROR AND WHY WAS IT CONSIDERED A RADICAL MOVEMENT?NAPOLEONECONOMIC ACHIEVEMNTSPOLITICAL ACHIEVEMENTSSOCIAL ACHIEVEMENTSINDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONCAUSESEFFECTSIMPERIALISMVOCABULARYScramble for Africa:Berlin Conference:Ethnocentrism:White Man’s Burden:Social DarwinismImperialismColonyCAUSESE OF IMPERIALISMEFFECTS OF IMPERIALISMDescribe the areas of the world that were impacted by the imperialist policies of European nations.HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS Define a Human Rights Violation. Define Genocide.Describe the background to each of the following events and WHY it is considered a Human Rights Violation.Blood DiamondsChild SoldiersHolocaustRwandan GenocideKhmer Rouge in CambodiaBosnian Genocide ................
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