THE GOSPEL IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

[Pages:39]THE GOSPEL IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

Instructor Dr. Rick Bartosik Mililani Community Church Mililani, Hawaii

Global Pastor's Institute Pangasinan, Philippines

November 2004

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LECTURE OUTLINE

It is impossible to clearly and correctly teach the New Testament to believers without adequate Old Testament foundations. In this class we will be studying God's plan of salvation as it has been revealed in the prophecy and typology of the Old Testament. The goal of these lectures is to encourage you to do more preaching and teaching from the Old Testament Scriptures, and to show you how.

I.

The First Preaching Of The Gospel ? Genesis 3:15 ................................. 3

Genesis 3:15 is called "the protevangelium" ? the first preaching of the Gospel. The first preaching of the Gospel took place at the very beginning of human history, immediately after man's fall in the Garden of Eden. In this verse God promised that one day he would send a Savior who would destroy Satan and deliver man from his power. This shows that Jesus has always been God's only provision for our salvation; it also shows that the message of the gospel is for the whole world.

II. Promises Of Christ's Coming In The Old Testament ............................... 6

Fulfilled prophecy confirms that Jesus is the Messiah and the Son of God who was sent to be the Savior of the world. There are 61 major Old Testament prophecies about Christ's first coming that were fulfilled in the New Testament. The place of his birth, the time of his birth, the manner of his birth, his betrayal for 30 pieces of silver, the manner of his death, the reaction of people, the piercing of his hands and feet, his burial in a rich man's tomb, and his resurrection, are just a few of the Old Testament prophecies fulfilled in the life of Christ.

III. Portraits Of Christ's Person And Work In The Old Testament .................. 10

Definition of a "Type": A type is a person, event or thing in the Old Testament that foreshadows something in the New Testament. Following are some of the main types of Christ in the Old Testament Scriptures. These portraits of Christ in Old Testament typology help us understand more clearly the person and work of Christ as revealed in the New Testament.

1. The Story of Cain and Abel (Genesis 4:4) .......................................... 10

2. The Offering of Isaac (Genesis 22) ................................................... 13

3. The Passover Lamb (Exodus 12) ...................................................... 15

4. The Tabernacle (Exodus 25-30) ........................................................ 16

5. The Five Levitical Offerings (Leviticus 1-7) ....................................... 17

6. The Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16) ................................................ 20

7. The Feasts of Israel (Leviticus 23) ................................................... 24

APPENDIX: Central Passages on the Deity and Incarnation of Christ.................... 25

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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INTRODUCTION

THE BIBLE IS GOD'S REVELATION TO MAN

The Bible alone is God's written revelation of truth to the world. This revelation of God began with the Old Testament and was completed with the New Testament revelation (Hebrews 1:1-2).

THE THEME OF THE BIBLE

The central theme of the Bible is Christ. History is HIS-STORY.

The Bible reveals that Jesus is the only way to God. To reject Christ as the only way to God is to reject the Bible as the written revelation of God.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS

Jesus Christ is the key to understanding the Old Testament and the New Testament:

The Old Testament is the preparation for Christ The New Testament is the manifestation of Christ

The Old Testament is the New Testament concealed The New Testament is the Old Testament revealed

A SUMMARY OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS:

Old Testament Gospels Acts Epistles Revelation

? He is coming! ? He is here! ? Let's go tell everyone! ? How to get to know Him. ? He is coming again!

OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECY FORETELLS CHRIST'S COMING

There are many prophecies in the Old Testament that predict the details of both the first and second comings of Christ. The first-coming prophecies were literally fulfilled in history; and we can expect that the second-coming prophecies will be just as literally fulfilled.

OLD TESTAMENT TYPOLOGY FORESHADOWS HIS PERSON AND WORK

There are also many wonderful "types" of Christ in the Old Testament that picture or foreshadow His person and work.

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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I. THE FIRST PREACHING OF THE GOSPEL

The unifying theme of the Old Testament is God's program of bringing salvation to the earth. The first preaching of the gospel is found immediately after Adam and Eve fell in the Garden of Eden, in Genesis 3:15 (See George Peters, A Biblical Theology of Missions from which the following material on Genesis 3:15 is adapted).

A. THE PLAN OF SALVATION

1. Salvation Promised: The Protevangelium (Genesis 3:15)

a. This first promise of a coming Redeemer is of tremendous significance.

1) This promise was given to the entire human race at the beginning of human history.

2) It becomes the guiding star throughout the history and prophecy of the Old Testament until it finds its fulfillment in Christ, the seed of the woman.

3) This verse is the key to understanding that God is the God of all mankind and Christ is the only hope of salvation.

b. The meaning of Genesis 3:15

1) "Satan's seed" consists of those who partake of the character of the Adversary (John 8:44) and seek to oppose God's purposes in creation and redemption.

2) The "seed of the woman" refers first to those brought into a right relationship with God through faith. It forecasts the age long conflict between the children of God and the children of the wicked one (beginning with Cain and Abel).

3) The primary "seed of the woman" is the Lord Jesus Christ. It is not the seed of the serpent but Satan himself who battles and is destroyed by this Seed (Jesus Christ).

4) This verse predicts that Christ would be born of a virgin and would engage the Serpent in mortal conflict, finally emerging as victor, destroying the works of Satan and setting the captives free.

c. Genesis 3:15 upholds at least six facts:

1) Salvation is of God. He is mankind's only hope. He is the source, originator, initiator and procurer of salvation. This refutes humanism, the self-redemption of man, and the principle of inevitable progress, especially as it relates to the religious development of mankind.

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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2) Salvation will destroy Satan, the enemy. Thus evil is not a permanent scourge of mankind and this world. God and good will eventually triumph. This refutes the theory of dualism and also the cyclical theory of history and experience as it underlies most Eastern religions.

3) Salvation will affect mankind as a whole; it is broader than only the individual or a nation. This must not be interpreted to mean that all men will eventually be saved, for the Bible does not justify such a hope and claim. The fact, however, is that when God's program will be completed, there will be a reversal in the count; while numerous individuals will be lost, the race as such will be saved.

4) Salvation will come through a Mediator who in an organic way is related to mankind. He is of the seed of the woman. This passage is the only place in the Bible where the term "seed of the woman" is used. Thus the Redeemer will be true man, as Christ indeed was. He was real man although not mere man.

5) Salvation is bound up with the suffering of the Redeemer; the enemy shall bruise His heel.

6) Salvation will be experienced within history as the fall is a part of history. It is as real as the fall is real and as present as the fall is present.

2. Salvation Pictured (Genesis 3:21)

This verse teaches four things:

a. Man needed a covering

b. A self-made covering was not good enough

c. God must provide the covering

d. This covering must come through the shedding of blood of an innocent victim

B. THE NEED OF SALVATION

The first 11 chapters of Genesis leading up to the call of Abraham demonstrate man's sinfulness and his need for the grace of God. In these chapters we see the power of sin to debase, corrupt and ruin man when left to himself, and render him unable to find God by his own searching. There are four great events in these chapters: creation, the fall of man, the flood, and the Tower of Babel.

1. Entrance of sin: The Fall: Genesis 3

2. Early development of sin: Cain murders Abel: Genesis 4

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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3. Divine intervention and judgment on sin: The flood: Genesis 6-9

4. Revival of sin: The Tower of Babel: Genesis 10-11

5. Culmination of sin: Genesis 11. At this point, God abandons the nations to go their own ways. He lifted the restraints and allowed the nations to go their own ways and design their own cultures and their own religions. A deep darkness settled upon mankind. Romans 1:18ff is the theological interpretation of the Tower of Babel

C. THE METHOD OF SALVATION

The world had turned from God and God turned from the nations to call one man through whom He would carry out His great plan to send the Savior to redeem the world from sin. That man was Abraham.

Genesis 12:1-3: The Call of Abraham. "I will bless those who bless you, and whoever curses (qalal) you I will curse (aror); and all peoples on earth will be blessed through you."

1. Two different Hebrew words are used here for curse

Qalal "to treat indifferently, lightly, to despise"

Aoor "to make sterile, to damn"

2. The promise of Genesis 12:1-3 ultimately fulfilled in the Lord Jesus Christ

Hebrews 10:29

Galatians 3:10,13

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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I. PROMISES OF CHRIST'S COMING IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

A. INTRODUCTION

The identity Of Jesus Christ is crucial to understanding everything he had to say. All that Jesus said and did pointed to his identity as the Messiah, the Son of God, and to the purpose for which he came to earth. If Jesus is not who he claimed to be, then his teachings are either the ramblings of a lunatic who sincerely thought he was God (but wasn't) or the words of a liar who knew he wasn't God (but said he was).

One of the major evidences to support Christ's claim to be the Messiah, the eternal, incarnate Son of God, are the great messianic prophecies of the Old Testament (The other major evidences are his virgin birth and his miracles).

The fulfillment of all the messianic prophesies in one person, Jesus Christ, provides convincing proof that Jesus Christ is indeed the Son of God ? the Incarnate Word: "And the word became flesh and dwelt among us; and we beheld his glory, the glory of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth" (John 1:14).

In his book, Beyond Belief To Convictions, Josh McDowell asks us to imagine agreeing over the phone to meet a distant business acquaintance ? someone you have never met in person ? at a large business convention (From Beyond Belief to Convictions, 63-68).

"How will I know you?" you might ask. "Well," your associate might suggest, "I'll be carrying a briefcase." "All right," you reply, then think better of it. "A lot of people will probably be carrying briefcases. Not everyone, but a lot. What color is it?" "Black." "That might narrow it down some," you say, "but not enough." "I'm a redhead," your associate offers. "That helps," you answer. Redhead carrying a black briefcase. Still might not be specific enough. "What will you be wearing?" A slight hesitation. "A blue blazer. How's that?" You nod, though you know your colleague can't see you. "That's better. But just to be sure, can you wear red tennis shoes?" "Very funny. I'll just make sure I'm wearing a name tag with my name in big bold letters." "That should do it," you answer. I'll just look for a redhead carrying a black briefcase and wearing a blue blazer with a name tag. "I should be able to recognize you from a distance, and your name on the tag will seal it.

B. RECOGNIZING THE MESSIAH

Now imagine God, several millennia ago, devising the plan to send his only Son to earth to be born as a human infant (see Beyond Belief To Convictions, 63-68). If we could have spoken down the corridors of time, we might have asked "How will we know him? How will we recognize him as the Messiah, the eternal incarnate Son of God?"

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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God might have responded, "I will cause him to born as an Israelite a descendant of Abraham (Genesis 22:18; Galatians 3:16)."

"But," we might have protested," Abraham's descendants will be as numerous as the stars!"

"Then I will narrow it down to only half of Abraham's lineage and make him a descendant of Isaac, not Ishmael (Genesis 21:12; Luke 3:23-34)."

"That will help but isn't that still an awful lot of people?" "Let him be born from Jacob's line, then, eliminating half of Isaac's lineage (Numbers 24:17; Luke 3:23-34)." "But--" "I will be more specific. Jacob will have twelve sons; I will bring forth the Messiah from the tribe of Judah (Genesis 49:10; Luke3:23-33)." "Won't that still be a lot of people? We still may not recognize him when he comes." "Don't worry! Look for him in the family line of Jesse (Isaiah 11:1; Luke 3:2332). And from the house and lineage of Jesse's youngest son, David (Jeremiah 23:5; Luke 3:23-31). And then I will tell you where he will be born: Bethlehem, a tiny town in the area called Judah (Micah 5:2; Matthew 2:1)." "But how will we know which person born there is your Son?" "He will be preceded by a messenger who will prepare the way and announce his advent (Isaiah 40:3; Matthew 3:1-2). He will begin his ministry in Galilee (Isaiah 9:1; Matthew 4:12-17) and will teach in parables (Psalm 78:2; Matthew 13:34-35), performing many miracles (Isaiah 35:5-6; Matthew 9:35)." "Okay, that should help a lot." "Oh," God might have responded "I'm just getting warmed up. He will ride into the city of Jerusalem on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9; Matthew 21:2; Luke 19:35-37) and will appear suddenly and forcefully at the temple courts and zealously `clean house' (Psalm 69:9; Malachi 3:1; John 2:15-16). In one day I will fulfill no fewer than twenty-nine specific prophecies spoken at least five hundred years earlier about him!" Listen to this:

1. He will be betrayed by a friend (Psalm 41:9; Matthew 26:49).

2. The price of his betrayal will be thirty pieces of silver (Zechariah11:12; Matthew 26:15).

3. His betrayal money will be cast to the floor of my temple (Zechariah 11:13; Matthew 27:5).

4. His betrayal money will be used to buy the potter's field (Zechariah 11:13; Matthew 27:7).

5. He will be forsaken and deserted by his disciples (Zechariah 13:7; Mark 14:50).

6. He will be accused by false witnesses (Psalm 35:11; Matthew 26:59-60).

7. He will be silent before his accusers (Isaiah 53:7; Matthew 27:12).

8. He will be wounded and bruised (Isaiah 53:5; Matthew 27:26).

9. He will be hated without a cause (Psalm 69:4; John 15:25).

Dr. Rick Bartosik

Global Pastors Institute

November 2004

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