Positive Parenting Program - NZABA

[Pages:22]9/7/2010

J. Huxtable, T. M. Foster, & C. Barber University of Waikato

NZABA University of Canterbury Christchurch, 3 - 5th Sept, 2010

The Positive Parenting Program

y Triple-P is a behaviourally-based parent training programme that is supported as effective by data

y It is designed to be tailored to the needs of parents, and has various levels of training and support

y See

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Triple-P

y The Triple-P organisation offers training programmes and support world wide, providing seminars and a competency-based accreditation process for those it has trained

y Amongst the resources available are:

y a self-help book - Every parent's Self-help Workbook (Markie-Dadds, Sanders & Turner, 2007)

y a DVD Every Parent's Survival Guide (Sanders, Markie- Dadds & Turner, 2008)

y Together these can provide a "self-help" package for parents

Aim

y To assess the effects of this version of self-help Triple-P on parenting behaviour and child behaviour for parents who are concerned about their preschooler's behaviour when they is minimal contact with the researcher

y The Triple-P programme aims to

y decrease problem behaviours, y increase pro-social (good) behaviours and y increase the parents' knowledge, competence and use of

effective behaviour strategies (i.e., the parenting practices)

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Issues

y Difficulties in evaluating a `self-help' programmes

y e.g., any data collection the participants are aware of can alter both the data and whether the participants complete (or even start) the program

y There are data that show this... y and these issues can't be avoided ... particularly if you

want to try and use a multiple-baseline design ... y We used self reported data and tried to keep the

researchers contact as minimal as possible while still being able to collect the data ...

Methods and Measures

y There was minimal researcher contact with the families and no advice or feedback was offered to participants when the families were contacted and no incentives were offered for participation

y Data on child behaviour was collected by the families using Parent Daily Report checklist covering the types of behaviour that occurred and filled in every weekday

y Data on parenting strategies came from checklists the parents filled in weekly

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Parent Daily Report

Parents indicate if each 30 problems occurred in the last day ... examples are ...

1 Aggressiveness, hit ADULTS 2 Argued, back-talked ADULTS 3 Bedwetting, wet pants, soiled 4 Was competitive 5 Complained, was irritable, negative 6 Was defiant, non-compliant, didn't listen 7 Was destructive, purposefully damaged something 8 Physically fought with other CHILDREN

Parent Daily Report

They also indicate which of 30 good things happened at least once... such as ...

1 Accepted disappointment well 2 Accepted punishment 3 Used appropriate language 4 Complied to requests (minded) 5 Said something to make another child feel good 6 Was co-operative with other CHILDREN 7 Spoke nicely to other ADULTS 8 Played nicely with other CHILDREN

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Parent Daily Report

y Parent Daily Report (PDR) is a partial-interval recording system with the interval 24 hours long!

y Can massively underestimate high rate problems and good behaviours ? and has a measurement ceiling - but parents WILL fill it in (most times!)

y There are two `scores'

y From 0 to 30 for `problems' y From 0 to 30 for `good' behaviour

Parenting Strategies Checklist

y PSC asks - How often in the last week did you use any of the following strategies?

y It lists both appropriate and inappropriate strategies y And says "The following is a list of 18 things that

parents/caregivers sometimes do when their child/tamaiti misbehaves (that is, does something s/he is not supposed to do) "

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Parenting Strategies Checklist, e.g.,

STRATEGY

Never 1-3 4-6 7-9 10+ Times Times Times Times

1. Raised your voice (growled, scolded or yelled)

2. Noticed it but did not do anything about it

3. Ignored the behaviour on purpose to not give attention to it.

4. Threatened to punish him/her (but did not really punish him/her).

5. Gave several warnings for an incident of misbehaviour

Parenting Strategies Checklist

y Next it gives a list of both appropriate and inappropriate strategies for good behaviour and also some general strategies

y The following is a list of 11 things parents might do when their child/tamaiti behaves well or does a good job at something.

y and y These are 3 other strategies that parents use that effect their

child's behaviour

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Parenting Strategies Checklist, e.g.,

STRATEGY

1. Noticed it but did not do anything about it 2. Let them stay up late

Never 1-3 4-6 7-9 10+ Times Times Times Times

3. General praise ? e.g. "good boy"

4. Praise that describes the behaviour, such as "I really liked the way you listened to me straight away and put the toys in the box like I asked"

5. Gave your child a hug, kiss, pat, handshake or "high five."

6. Told them wished their brother/sister behaved as well as they did

Other strategies ...

STRATEGY

12. Gave your child a treat and made him/her promise to be good before any misbehaviour happened. e.g., giving your child lollies before you have a visitor. 13. Spent time with your child playing or doing fun things throughout the day. 14. Behaviour Charts Give points or stars on a chart Do you have a behaviour chart ? yes/no

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Regular Evaluation

y After each of the ten sections of the book was completed there was an evaluation questionnaire for that and for any accompanying DVD segment

y Participants ranked six statements on a scale from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very much)

y These statements assessed whether the particular weekly section provided useful skills and important ideas, their intention to use the skills/techniques, the helpfulness of watching the DVD clip, and their enjoyment of the reading and DVD.

Pre- and Post-Measures

y The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) (Eyberg & Pincus, 1999)

y The Parenting Scale (PS) (Arnold et al., 1993) y The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSoC)

(Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman, 1978) y The Triple P Parenting Quiz (Morawska et al., 2009) y The Parent Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire

(Forehand & McMahon, 1981).

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