Dx Image Study Guide Test 1



Dx Image Study Guide Test 1

These are the notes I took at the tutor. These are the things she felt were the most important/most tested. I would still know general stuff about all of the lines/measures he has on the list. She mentioned if he had it on a quiz, most likely he won’t have it on the test. She also said don’t worry about all the numbers, only know the ones she mentioned. (ADI, prevertebral soft tissue, coxa vera/valga…) Take that advice for what it’s worth. You never know!

Skull: Basilar invagination is when skull sits lower.

Stella Turcica: Pituitary mass causes enlargement.

Basilar Angle: Basilar invagination causes greater angle due to bone softening disease (Pagets)

McGregors Line: Basilar invagination causes odontiod process to be above line more than normal. Due to bone softening disease (Pagets, osteomalacia)

Chamberlin’s Line: Same as above

Digastric Line: Same as above

Cervical

Cervical Gravity Line: Drawn from odontioid, should pass through C7 body.

Georges Line: Drawn on posterior aspect of body on lateral cervical. Looks for fracture, dislocation, anteriolisthesis or retro. Use posterior cervical line instead.

ADI: Odontiod process to anterior tubercle of C1. Know adult is 1mm-3mm, child 1mm-5mm. Increases with downs syndrome or RA.

Sagittal Dimension of Cervical Spine: Space btw spinolaminar junction and posterior body. Small measurement could mean spinal cord stenosis.

Atlantoaxial Alignment: Looking for C1/C2 overhang. Odontiod fractures or alar ligament instability when overlap. Children will have bilateral overhang.

Prevertebral Soft Tissue: Space in front of vertebral bodies in C spine. C2 is about 6mm, C6 is about 22mm. Increase could be due to blood, pus, or cells. (blood-hematoma, pus-infection, cells-cancer)

Thoracic

Riser-Ferguson: Scoliosis evaluation, not preferred method.

Cobbs Angle: Scoliosis evaluation, preferred method.

Thoracic Cage: Posterior sternum to anterior of T8. Decreased measurement is called straight back syndrome which can cause many health problems, mainly heart.

Thoracic Kyphosis: From endplates of T1 to T12. Kyphosis increases with age and Scheuermann’s fractures.

Lumbar

Hadley’s S Curve: Done on A-P and oblique xray. If broken could be subluxation, fracture, or dislocation.

Lumbar Gravity Line: Line from body of L3, should intersect with sacral base.

Meyerding’s Rating System: Used for grading anteriolisthesis, sacrum is divided into quarters. Preferred method is percentage (more accurate and removes magnification)

Lower Extremity

Kline’s Line: Femoral head should intersect line, if not, slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

Shenton’s Line: Line should be smooth. Usually in children. SCFE, dislocation, or fracture

Iliofemoral Line: Line should be smooth. SCFE , dislocation, or fracture

Teardrop: More than 1mm difference between the two sides is pathology. Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP), avascular necrosis of femur head.

Hip Joint Space: Measure of space from femur head-acetabulum (superior, axial, and medial). Do not average. RA will have uniform change in all portions and OA the superior portion is affected first.

Center Edge Angle: Line from center of femoral head and line to acetabular edge. Shallow could be acetabular dysplasia or DJD.

Acetabular Angle: Decreases with down’s syndrome. Increases with congenital hip dislocation.

Acetabular Depth: Decreased could be OA

Kohler’s Line: Protrusio Acetabuli. If acetabulum is medial to line, Pagets disease.

Pre-sacral Space: Blood, pus, cells will increase space.

Femoral Angle: 130 degrees is coxa valga (coxa mean hip)

Skinner’s Line: Fovea below line could mean fracture.

Heel Pad Measurement: Increase is acromegaly

Boehler’s Angle: Angle ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download