Comparison Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells



Comparison Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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Mrs. Peters Biology 112

Tuesday, October 13 2015

Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, however cells are also divided in small groups. Numerous amounts of different types of cells exist and they are classified into two groups, (;) eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. After looking at cells in the lab, I have observed that both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have a lot many of similarities and differences such as their DNA, cell parts and shape.

Prokaryotic cells have a simple and typical physical appearance from what people commonly think of cells. The three different bacteria shapes that I had observed and studied were sprilli, bacilli and cocci bacteria. All three types of bacteria slightly shared similar physical appearances. They had circular shapes such as rod, spheres or spirals, although some (which ones? – be specific for each example) were longer and less oval-shaped than others (specific examples). Each prokaryotic cell of the same kind had the same size but different types of cells varied in size for example some all eukaryotic cell is much larger then the prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells are generally very small and have a higher surface area to volume ratio to be more efficient. An interesting physical appearance of the sprilli bacteria is that they have a flagellum to be motile.

All cells have cell membrane, DNA, chromosomes and cytoplasm, but all prokaryotic cells have a cell wall to help protect themselves. Prokaryotic cells DNA is free floating which means they do not have, nor need a nucleus. Why can’t our DNA be free floating?The arrangement of cells varied, there were clusters, some were in a pair or in a chain form and some stayed as singles but all prokaryotic cells are unicellular.

In the lab I also had an opportunity to observe five different types of eukaryotics cells under a compound microscope. There were some similarities but many differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. You have to go specifically into detail here outlining which ways they are similar giving specific examples of eukaryotic cells. (ex. The plant and animal cells were the only 2 that were multicellular.)Under the microscope, you can immediately see that the eukaryotic cells is extremely complex in comparison to the simple prokaryotic cell. I could define cellular organelles that I could not see with prokaryotic cells such as the nucleus, cell wall, DNA and cytoplasm. Unlike the prokaryotic cell, the eukaryotic cell has a nucleus in which the DNA is housed. I could notice the thick cell wall only in plant cells. it was not clearly visible but a number of eukaryotic cells also have hair around their cell membrane to become motile. Similar to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells had many different forms of arrangement for example some see ….you are not specific enough here. SOME is not a good word to use in this essay) are connected or bunched together yet some cells were multicellular.

During the lab, I made the observations in these broad topics on how they appear physically through the microscope. I saw which part of their cell organelles are visible and how they are arranged. My observations were successful in the result of discovering similarities and differences. I think it would be extremely interesting to view these cells again but under a more powerful microscope, such as, a scanning electron microscope for three dimensional structures.

Throughout this essay you must be giving specific instances for the things that you have observed. You should also try coming up with a stronger thesis statement more in tune with the ones that we were looking at during out in class tutorial with Mrs. Badger, and then follow through with a conclusion that echoes that statement. You can also try to improve the flow by mentioning points at the right time instead of adhering to the order of the checklist. Good Luck.

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