Integrated urban e-ticketing for Science and Technology ...

[Pages:96]Science and Technology Options Assessment

Integrated urban e-ticketing for public transport and touristic sites

Science and Technology Options Assessment European Parliamentary Research Service January 2014 PE 513.551

Integrated urban e-ticketing for public transport and touristic sites

Final report on application concepts and the role of involved stakeholders

IP/A/STOA/FWC/2008-096/LOT2/C1/SC12 January 2014

PE 513.551

STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment

The STOA project `Integrated urban e-ticketing for public transport and touristic sites' was carried out by the Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), Karslruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) as member of the European Technology Assessment Group (ETAG).

AUTHORS Maike Puhe , Project Leader, ITAS-KIT Markus Edelmann, ITAS-KIT Max Reichenbach, ITAS-KIT

STOA RESEARCH ADMINISTRATOR Peter Ide-Kostic Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Directorate for Impact Assessment and European Added Value DG Parliamentary Research Services, European Parliament Rue Wiertz 60 - RMD 00J016 B-1047 Brussels E-mail: peter.ide-kostic@ep.europa.eu

LINGUISTIC VERSION Original: EN

ABOUT THE PUBLISHER To contact STOA, please write to: STOA@ep.europa.eu This document is available on the Internet at:

DISCLAIMER The opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the publisher is given prior notice and sent a copy.

Manuscript completed in January 2014 Brussels, ? European Union, 2014

PE 513.551 CAT QA-02-13-077-EN-C DOI 10.2861/49821 ISBN 978-92-823-5302-8

Integrated urban e-ticketing for public transport and touristic sites

Abstract

This final report deals with the development of integrated e-ticketing systems for public transport and touristic sites in cities. The idea of integrated e-ticketing is to combine several modes of transport (e.g. tram, bus, car-, and bike-sharing) on a single ticket. Modern multiapplication smart cards are able to incorporate additional fields of application (e.g. leisure activities or tourist attractions) on one fare medium. Such systems aim at facilitating the combination of modes and transferring between them by making the ticketing system as easy and attractive as possible. For over a decade, integrated ticketing has been on the agenda of EU transport policy. While technologies are already available and ready to meet multi-function requirements, e-ticketing has not yet been implemented on a wider scale in Europe. The implementation of an integrated e-ticketing system is a complex process that requires the synchronised activity of heterogeneous actors. Public transport operators and authorities, financial service providers, telecommunications operators, and the tourism sector need to work together to combine their products on a single card. Besides technological characteristics, legal and economic aspects play a decisive role. Stakeholders that are involved in the implementation of an integrated ticketing system need to agree on technical specifications as well as on institutional and governance issues. For this report, relevant studies, reports and surveys have been reviewed in order to provide an overview on technical and non-technical aspects on the e-ticketing environment. Such an integrated perspective is needed to understand and govern successful pathways towards integrated eticketing schemes. This report focuses on the interrelations between different stakeholders; on the factors that might influence their decision making to engage in the implementation process and it explains the role of each actor in the systems architecture. A particular focus lies on potential and existing end-users. It will be highlighted that end-users are not a homogenous social category, but that they desire different products, predominantly based on their travel purposes.

STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment

Integrated urban e-ticketing for public transport and touristic sites

CONTENT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1

1. INTRODUCTION

5

2. INTEGRATED TICKETING

7

2.1. Automated fare collection

7

2.2. E-ticketing

8

2.2.1. Interoperability

10

2.2.2. Multi-service approach

12

3. TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE ON E- TICKETING

14

3.1. Fare media

14

3.1.1. Smart cards

14

3.1.2. Mobile ticketing

15

3.2. Identification technologies

15

3.2.1. Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

15

3.2.2. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

16

3.2.3. Near-Field Communication (NFC)

16

3.2.4. EMV technology

17

4. CASE STUDIES

19

4.1. Oyster Card

20

4.1.1. Background

20

4.1.2. Tourism

21

4.1.3. System characteristics

22

4.2. Mi Muovo

23

4.2.1. Background

23

4.2.2. Tourism

24

4.2.3. System Characteristics

24

4.3. Octopus Card

25

4.3.1. Background

25

4.3.2. Tourism

26

4.3.3. System Characteristics

26

4.4. T-Money

27

4.4.1. Background

27

4.4.2. Tourism

27

4.4.3. System Characteristics

28

4.5. EZ-Link

28

4.5.1. Background

29

4.5.2. Tourism

29

4.5.3. System Characteristics

29

STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment

4.6. Ventra

30

4.6.1. Background

31

4.6.2. Tourism

31

4.6.3. System Characteristics

31

4.7. Touch & Travel

32

4.7.1. Background

32

4.7.2. Tourism

32

4.7.3. System Characteristics

32

4.8. CityZi

33

4.8.1. Background

34

4.8.2. Tourism

34

4.8.3. System Characteristics

34

4.9. iAmsterdam

35

4.9.1. Background

35

4.9.2. Tourism

36

4.9.3. System Characteristics

36

4.10. BodenseeErlebniskarte

36

4.10.1. Background

36

4.10.2. Tourism

37

4.10.3. System Characteristics

37

4.11. St. Petersburg City Card

38

4.11.1. Background

38

4.11.2. Tourism

39

4.11.3. System Characteristics

39

4.12. Southampton Smartcities Card

40

4.12.1. Background

40

4.12.2. System Characteristics

41

5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE ON INTEGRATED TICKETING

44

5.1. Government and other administrative authorities

44

5.2. Public transport operators and authorities

46

5.3. Tourism sector

49

5.3.1. Destination cards

51

5.3.2. Smart cards in the tourism sector

53

5.3.3. NFC-based services for tourists

53

5.4. Intermediaries

55

5.4.1. Financial service providers

56

5.4.2. Telecommunications operators

57

5.5. Existing and potential end-users

57

6. STOA WORKSHOP

66

7. POLICY IMPLICATIONS

67

8. CONCLUSIONS

69

REFERENCES

72

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