Marfan Syndrome: A genetic defect leading to problems in ...



Marfan Syndrome: A genetic defect leading to problems in the construction of fibrillin. It is the result of the production of faulty protein fibers affecting certain connective tissues throughout the body making them weak or dysfunctional. Marfan Syndrome can be treated only by symptoms because no therapy can reverse the action of mutated genes. These include prescribing betablockers, blood pressure medications, Prophylactic antibiotics, surgery, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the severity and history of the syndrome, affected areas, and medication currently being taken, and past surgeries.

Muscular Dystrophy: A group of several closely related diseases characterized by genetic anomalies, leading to the degeneration and wasting away of muscle tissue. The most common form of MD involves a genetic mutation that either prevents the production of dystrophin altogether or allows its production in only subnormal levels, causing the muscles to atrophy and die, to be replaced by fat and connective tissue. Antagonists to affected muscles have no resistance, and eventually their connective tissue shrinks, pulling bony attachments closer together in permanent contraction. There is no treatment to reverse or cure MD exists. Some CTs include physical therapy, massage, surgery, taking prednisone, using braces, walkers, and wheelchairs. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the disease, and history of treatments and surgeries.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A group of genetic disorders that change the quality or quantity of type I collagen fibers. The result having bones that fracture extremely easily, brittle teeth, ligament laxity, easy bruising, short stature, postural deviations, hearing loss, and low muscle mass. OI has no cure. CT include physical activity, but not with contact sports or activities that involve jumping or twisting, eating a healthy diet, surgical procedure of “rodding”, using assistive devices like crutches, taking pain relievers, and massage when appropriate. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the disorder as well as surgery and pain medication being used.

Baker Cyst: Synovial cysts found in the popliteal fossa, usually on the medial side. These form when the joint capsule at the knee develops a pouch at the posterior aspect. CT include icing and taking NSAIDs, aspirin, or cortisone shots. CS cautions would be to know history and severity of conditions, pain medication being used.

Bunions: The first phalanx of the great toe is distorted toward the lateral aspect of the foot. The joint capsule stretches, and callus grows over the protrusion. Most bunions develop as a result of wearing poor shoes. Other factors include misalignment between the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx of big toe, overarched feet, flat feet, and tight Achilles tendon. CT include removing whatever irritants are causing problem, massage, exercise, stretching, corticosteroid injections, surgery. CS cautions would be to know history and severity of bunion, medication being used, and history or treatment or surgery.

Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa. Usually caused by repetitive stress irritating and inflaming the bursa sac causing the surrounding muscles to go into spasm. CT includes taking anti-inflammatories, warm applications, aspiration of excess fluid, corticosteroid injections, and bursectomy surgery. CS cautions include knowing if other disorders, diseases, or local injuries are contributing, as well as, history and severity of condition and treatments, and any pain medication being used.

Dupuytren Contracture: An idiopathic thickening and shrinking of the palmar fascia that limits movement of the fingers. The development of DC resembles the growth of scar tissue in response to trauma, but to an excessive degree. Specialized fibroblasts and other cells contribute to the proliferations of type III collagen fibers, in the fascia on the palm and fingers. As the condition progresses, the collagen thickens and toughens, active cells re cede, leaving tight, thick bands of connective tissue. There does seem to be a link to genetics, smoking and alcohol use. CT includes injections of corticosteroid or collagenase, needle aponeurotomy, surgery, physical therapy, massage. CS cautions would include know history and severity of disorder and treatments. Also knowing a history of related and contributing factors.

GanGlion Cysts: Small fluid filled synovial sacs that are attached to tendinous sheathes or joint capsules. Some grow in response to direct trauma or overuse. Most appear without an identifiable reason. CT generally is to leave them alone. They may be injected with cortisone or aspirated to relieve internal pressure, surgically removing. CS cautions would be know history and severity of cyst, not to put direct pressure or holding of area.

Hernia: A hole or rip through which the abdominal contents protrude. Causes include congenital weakness of muscular wall, childbirth, and abnormal straining. CT include surgery, wearing a special corset or truss. CS cautions would be to know history and severity of hernia, as well as, treatment.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease: The result of chronic or traumatic irritation and inflammation at the insertion of the quadriceps tendon in combination with adolescent growth spurts. With acute inflammation of the quads insertion the tendon can pull away from the bone, causing microscopic fractures and enlargement of the tibial tuberosity. OSD patients commonly develop a large, permanent bump at the tibial tuberosity. CT focuses on reducing pain and limiting damage to quad attachment at the tibia, using hot packs before use and icing after, taking NSAIDs, stretching, suspending activity, using braces or casts. CS cautions would be to know the history of disease, treatment, and medication being used.

Pes Planus, Pes Cavus: Pes planus (flat feet) is the term for feet that lack the medial arch between the calcaneus and great toe, the lateral arch between the calcaneus and little toe, and the transverse arch that stretches across the ball of the foot. Pes Cavus (Caved feet) is the term for feet with jammed arches, or hyperaccentuated arch that doesn’t flatten out with each step but stays high and immobile. Imbalance at the forefoot, midfoot, or hindfoot can lead to problems in how weight is distributed over the whole surface and how the stress of weight bearing is translated to the rest of the body. Development may also be a congenital problem in the shape of the foot bones or strength of foot ligaments, a result of poor footwear, poorly functioning tibialis posterior tendon, malunion fractures, shin splints, and/or neuromuscular disorders. CT includes wearing highly supportive shoes or orthotic inserts, physical therapy, surgery, and massage. CS cautions would include knowing the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments. I would also want to know if any related causes are present or have occurred.

Plantar Fasciitis: A condition caused by repeated microscopic injury to the plantar fascia of the foot. Being overweight, wearing shoes with poor support, unequal leg length, flat or pronated feet, jammed arches, tight calf muscles are among causes. It may also be a secondary complication to an underlying disorder such as gout, RA, or diabetes. When the plantar fascia is overused or stressed, its fibers tend to fray or become disorganized resulting in the degeneration of the collagen matrix of the plantar aponeurosis. CT includes removing the tensions that cause the condition by warming and massaging the foot and lower leg before getting our of bed, using shoe inserts, never walking barefoot, using a splint at night to hold the foot in a slight dorsiflexion, using nonsteroidal and topical anti-inflammatories, ice, stretching, corticosteroid injections, shockwave lithotripsy, and surgery. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and pain meds being used.

Scleroderma: A chronic auto-immune disease in which fibroblasts in the smallest blood vessels produce huge amounts of collagen in the skin and other tissues. Damage to these tiny vessels causes local edema and the stimulation of nearby fibroblasts. Eventually the edema subsides, but the scar tissue deposits remain hard for years at a time. The cause is unknown. Contributing factors include abnormal immune responses, chronic inflammation, exposure to specific chemicals including vinyl chloride, epoxy resins, uranium, and aromatic hydrocarbons, organic solvents, silica, and viral infections. Treatment is directed at managing symptoms and complications and include taking calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, diurectics, antacids, NSAIDs, DMARDs, physical and occupational therapy, avoid smoking, cold conditions, and spicy food. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used.

Tendinopathies: Injuries or damage to tendons. Unlike tendonitis acute inflammation isn’t involved. Rather, they’re conditions in which the collagen degenerates and the tendon loses its weight-bearing capacity. The causes are probably a combination of factors including direct and shearing forces transferred through the tendon, overuse without recovery time, poor flexibility, underlying disease, a history of corticosteroid injections, training errors of athletes, problems with equipment, or a fall or blow that damages the tendon. CT includes corticosteroid injections, rest, ice, stretching, carefully gauged exercise, emphasis on eccentric contractions, wearing a splint or brace. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I would also be cautious about mis-diagnosis.

Tenosynovitis: Irritation and inflammation of tendons that pass through the synovial sheath. Usually caused by trauma, repetitive movement, or infection. It also occurs as a complication of other diseases, such as RA, gout, or diabetes. CT includes taking antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, or surgically splitting the synovium. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used, and knowing of any contributing diseases.

Whiplash: A broad term used to refer to a mixture of injuries, including sprains, strains, and joint trauma. Injuries are usually associated with a car accident in which the head whips backward then forward in rapid succession, putting the following at risk for injury; cervical muscles, capsules of the facet joints, esophagus, larynx, spinal discs, tmj, spinal cord, and brain. CT include using neck collars, pain relievers, anti-inflammatories, muscle relaxants, physical therapy, massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the injury, as well as treatments and meds being used.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A set of signs and symptoms brought about by the entrapment of the median nerve between the carpal bones of the wrist and the transverse carpal ligament that holds down the flexor tendons. It is caused by repetitive movements for several hours every day. Aggravating factors include edema, subluxation of carpal bones, fibrotic buildup. CTS can also be a symptom or consequence of several other systemic diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, lymphedema, acromegaly, RA, and gout. CT involves using wrist splints, taking steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, corticosteroid injections, exercise, stretching, proliferant injections, surgery, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I would also want to know if it is a symptom of a systemic disease or other conditions or injuries are contributing.

Disc Disease: An umbrella term referring to a collection of problems in which the nucleas pulposus and/or the annulus fibrosus extends beyond its normal borders putting pressure on the nerve roots, cauda equine, or spinal cord. As a person ages the annulus fibrosus starts to degenerate and the nucleus pulposus tends to shrink and dry. As the nucleus pulposus becomes thin and dry, more stress is placed on the annulus to bear weight and absorb shock. This puts the annulus at increased risk for tiny cracks or fissures, adding stress to the connecting vertebrae. Causes can be trauma and weak intervertebral ligaments. CT includes chiropractic and osteopathic care, bed rest, traction, movement within tolerance, physical therapy, classes on posture and body mechanics, taking muscles relaxants and pain killers, cortisone injections, surgery, chemonucleoysis, transcutaneus discetomey, and massage. CS cautions would be to know how accurate the diagnosis is, the history, severity, cause, and contributing factors of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I would also want to know if it is a symptom of a systemic disease or other conditions or injuries are contributing.

Myasthenia Gravis: A progressive autoimmune disease that involves degeneration or destruction of specific receptor sties at neuromuscular junctions. Autoantibodies attack the Ach receptor sites causing them to function incorrectly. The muscle loses the ability to respond and contract. CT includes boosting nerve transmission and suppressing immune system activity at neuromuscular junctions. Medications include drugs that limit the normal destructions of AC by local enzymes and steroids that suppress immune system activity, surgery, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used.

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A neurovascular entrapment of the brachial plexus of blood vessels to or from the arm are impinged or impaired at one or more of 3 places.

TOS can be caused by any factor that impinges brachial plexus nerves or blood vessels, anywhere from the anterior neck to the anterior chest. Postural habits and bony growth make a person susceptible. It is often precipitated by a specific traumatic event. Most common contributing factors include cervical ribs growing longer than normal; relating muscles becoming tight, shrunken, and fibrotic, while antagonistic muscles become weak; excessive connective tissue accumulation around the attachments of the scalenes. CT depends on its cause and includes strengthening and stretching related muscles, surgery, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. It would also be very important to get an accurate diagnosis, and to explore contributing factors and muscle involvement.

Chpt. 4, Nervous System Conditions

Alzheimer Disease: A progressive degenerative disorder of the brain causing memory loss, personality changes, and eventually death. Causes include the following; Sticky deposits of cellular protein on neural cells, Degeneration of tau proteins causing long fibers to collapse and become twisted and tangled. The presence of these two things means that fewer brain cells function at normal levels. Other contributing factors may include genetics, chronic inflammations, history of head injury, exposure to environmental toxins, high cholesterol, and low estrogen. CT includes taking various medications and supplements and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used, being aware that clients may have many other disorders or diseases that your and they are not aware of, and being aware that verbal communication may be greatly compromised.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Also known as Lou Gehrig disease, it is a progressive condition that destroys motor neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems, leading to the atrophy of voluntary muscles. The cause is unknown. Contributing factors include tangled neural fibers and deposits of abnormal protein on clumps of cells (like in AD) leading to degeneration of the neuron’s cytoskeleton and strangulation of the presynatic axons, the accumulation of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the synapses, genetic susceptibility to damage of free radicals, autoimmune disease, mitochondrial dysfunction, and exposure to environmental toxins. CT includes moderate exercise, physical and occupational therapy, heat, whirlpools, speech therapy, braces, wheelchairs, voice aids, computers, surgery, psychological therapy, various medications, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used.

Multiple Sclerosis: Idiopathic disease that involves the inflammation and degeneration of myelin sheaths around both motor and sensory neurons in CNS. MS is probably an autoimmune disease to which some are genetically predisposed, but requires some combination of environmental triggers to initiate the disease process. CT include taking various medications, careful exercise, physical and occupational therapy, eating a healthy diet, sleep, stress management and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used.

Peripheral Neuropathy: Damage to peripheral nerves through lack of circulation, chemical imbalance, trauma, or other factors. It is usually a symptom or complication of an underlying condition of injury, infection, systemic disease, and/or toxic exposure. CT includes medication, topical ointments, TENS units, biofeedback, acupuncture, relaxation techniques, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used and what the underlying conditions are and could be.

Dystonia: Repetitive, predictable, but involuntary skeletal muscle contractions. The cause may be unidentifiable, due to a genetic anomaly, or secondary symptom of underlying disorder or drug addiction. CT include medication, botox injections, surgery, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used and what kind of Dystonia one has.

Parkinson Disease: Degenerative disease of the substantia nigra cells in the brain, which help to maintain balance, posture, and coordination. The cause isn’t clear. Risk factors include exposure to pesticides, fertilizers, and other industrial chemicals, and genetics. CT include medication, deep brain stimulation, surgery, physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, psychotherapy, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used.

Tremor: Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of antagonistic muscle groups and the movement in a fixed plane. Most appear to be related to dysfunction in the links between the brainstem, cerebellum and thalamus. There are several types of tremors with different causes. Causes include genetics, alcohol and/or drug withdrawl, PN, damage to cerebellum from stroke, MS, or tumors. CT includes medications, small doses of alcohol, surgery, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used, as well as what kind of tremor it may be.

Encephalitis: Infection of the brain, usually caused by a virus. It usually affects the parenchyma of the brain and sometimes the meninges and spinal cord causing inflammation. CT include medication, steroids. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications used, and to make sure that the client has fully recovered before working with.

Herpes Zoster: Also known as shingles, it’s a viral infection of the sensory neurons, leading to painful, fluid-filled blisters on all the nerve endings of a specific dermatome. It stems from the chickenpox virus, which lays dormant, then reactivates later as shingles. Contributing factors to the trigger include stress, age, impaired immunity, trauma, or drug reaction. CT include medication, topical ointment, steroids, and painkillers. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications used, and to make sure that the client has fully recovered before working with.

Meningitis: Inflammation of the meninges and the cerebrospinal fluid that surround the brain and spinal cord. Usually caused by bacterial or viral infections. CT varies according to the pathogen. If the pathogen is bacterium antibiotics are given, possibly steroids. Viral meningitis is treated with rest, fluids, good nutrition. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications used, and to make sure that the client has fully recovered before working with.

Polio and Postpolio Syndrome: Polio is a viral infection of the intestines and anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. Postpolio syndrome is a group of signs and symptoms common to polio survivors. The virus is commonly spread through oral-fecal contamination, usually contaminated water and not causing much damage. For fewer than 1% of people exposed, the virus travels to CNS where it destroys nerve cells of the spinal cord. CT includes heat, physical therapy, massage, hydrotherapy, braces, change in activity level, and exercise. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications used and using and any related issues such as compensation of other muscle groups.

Anxiety Disorders: Collection of distinct psychiatric disorders that have to do with irrational fears and extensive efforts to avoid or control them. Contributing factors include genetic vulnerability, history of traumatic events, situations or circumstances that trigger and inappropriate stress response. Two major issues include problems with the limbic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and neurotransmitter imbalances. Most anxiety disorders are treated with a combination of medication including antidepressants, antianxiety, beta blockers, and psychotherapy. Massage is also recommended. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. It would also be very important to get an accurate diagnosis, and what the current level of anxiety is. I would want to make them feel safe and in control of the session.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD is a neurobiochemical disorder resulting in difficulties with attention, movement, and impulse control. The cause is still a mystery, but has been traced to problems with dopamine production, transportation, and reabsorption, and with noradrenaline disruption of the frontal cortex and basal ganglia. Other contributing factors seem to be genetics, smoking, alcohol, and exposure to certain toxins. CT includes medication, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, counseling, nutritional supplements and monitoring, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I would take into consideration that session might be shorter according to how long they can focus.

Autism Spectrum Disorders: A group of mental disorders characterized by problems connecting with other people, including parents and family, communication difficulties, specific and predictable movement patters, and sensory problems. Causes point toward abnormalities within various neural systems linking the brainstem limbic system, basal ganglia, cerebellum corpus callosum, and cerebral cortex. Other theories include mitochondrial dysfunctions within neurons, early exposure to some virus that stimulates an autoimmune response, exposure to mercury, lead, or other heavy metals, and allergies. CT include placing the child in highly structured, specialized programs that reinforce positive behavior, applied behavioral analysis, sensory integration therapy, dietary adjustments and supplements, medication, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I would also think it would be important to have clear communication and make the client feel safe and in control.

Chemical Dependency: The use of substances (legal and illegal) in methods or dosages that result in damage to the user and people close to user. The process of dependency depends on the chemical makeup of the product and the susceptibility of the user. Some drugs work in the CNS by slowing the rate at which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed at the key synapses leading to changes in the number of neurotransmitter receptors. Other disruptions in neural pathways and neurotransmitter relationship have been documented. Alcohol and sedatives work by depressing CNS arousal, enhancing the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. CT includes programs to support abstinence, rehabilitation, and prevention of relapse. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition (if it affected or caused any other disorders or diseases), as well as current chemicals and meds being used.

Depression: A group of disorder that involve negative changes in emotional state. It’s a CNS disorder involving a genetic predisposition, chemical changes, and often a triggering event that results in a person losing the ability to enjoy life. It can be long-lasting, self-propagating, and ultimately debilitating disease. There is no known cause, although, there are several distinctive features noted in the brain and endocrine system including neurotransmitter imbalance, hormonal imbalance, HPA axis, and atrophy in the hippocampus, as well as, genetics, environmental triggers, personality traits, chronic illness, and other problems. CT includes anti-depressant drugs, psychotherapy, light therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, St. John’s Wort, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition (if it affected or caused any other disorders or diseases), as well as current chemicals and meds being used.

Eating Disorders: These include a variety of unhealthy eating habits that may begin slowly but over time become difficult or even impossible to break, including Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. Common characteristics of these this disorder involve a complex mixture of physical and psychological issues, as well as, having high expectations of oneself, athletics, low serotonin levels, neurotransmitter imbalance. CT include resolving issues that led to the behaviors in the first place, medication, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition (if it affected or caused any other disorders or diseases), as well as current chemicals and meds being used, and being sensitive to the client needing a higher level of support and nurturing during their session.

Bell Palsy: The result of damage to or impairment of CN VII, the facial nerve that is composed almost entirely of motor neurons and is responsible fro providing facial expression, blinking the eyes, and some taste sensations. It’s caused by an inflammation of a peripheral nerve. There are links to herpes simplex virus. CT includes a combination of steroidal anti-inflammatories and acyclovir to slow down herpes activity, taping effected eye closed at night and protect it from drying and dust during the day, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as current and past treatments and their effect. I’m curious to know case studies on this condition!

Cerebral Palsy: An umbrella term for many possible injuries to the brain during gestational development, birth, and early infancy. It’s the result of brain damage, usually to motor areas of the brain, specifically the basal ganglia and the cerebrum. CT is focused on management, since damage in irreversible and incurable. It’s managed through providing skill and equipment like braces, occupational, physical, and speech therapy, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as current chemicals and meds being used.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A chronic condition in which an initial trauma causes pain that’s more sever and longer lasting than is reasonably expected, possibly becoming life long. The usual causes in an initial trauma that begins a pain sensation that’s managed by the sympathetic nervous system. Pain sensors in affected area become increasingly sensitive to sympathetic chemicals like norepinephrine. Eventually the physiological changes that occur cause their own damage that may eventually be irreversible. CT includes physical and occupation therapy, psychotherapeutic interventions, chemical nerve blocks, intrathecal pumps to deliver pain killers, sypathectomy, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as current chemicals and meds being used and level of pain experiencing.

Spina Bifida: A neural tube defect resulting in an incompletely formed vertebral arch, damage to the meninges and/or spinal cord, and a high risk of distal paralysis and infection. This develops within the first 14-28 days after conception. The main risk factor is a deficiency of folic acid at conception and early fetal development. CT includes surgery, physical therapy, exercise, crutches, braces, wheelchairs, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, past treatments and surgeries, as well as current chemicals and meds being used and level of pain experiencing.

Spinal Cord Injury: Some or all fibers in the spinal cord have been damaged, usually by trauma but occasionally by other problems such as tumors or bony growths in the spinal canal. It is usually caused by a crushing blow to the spinal cord, direct compression exerted by tumors, bone spurs, cysts, stretching the spinal column, gunshot wounds. A large part of the damage to the CNS tissue is incurred not by trauma itself by posttraumatic reactions in the body. These include excessive bleeding into and inside the spinal cord, local edema, free radical activity, excitotoxicity, immune system activity, and apoptosis. CT includes surgery, limit inflammations and other secondary body reactions with anti-inflammatories and medication. Later treatment includes implantation of electrodes in muscles, surgical transfer of healthy tendons, focusing on spinal reflexes for walking and other movements, physical and occupational therapy, stem cell implantation, genetic manipulation, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, past surgeries, as well as current chemicals and meds being used and level of pain experiencing.

Stroke: Damage to brain tissue caused either by a blockage in blood flow or internal hemorrhage. The causes are cerebral thrombosis (clotting in cerebral artery that blocks artery and starves nerve cells), emblolism (fragments of blood clots or atherosclerotic plaque that travel to brain.) CT is broken into categories of prevention, acute care, postacute care, and chronic care. Under these categories treatments include, exercise, diet changes, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs, surgery, medication, physical, occupational, and speech therapies, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as current chemicals and meds being used.

Traumatic Brain Injury: Damage to the brain brought about by trauma rather than congenital or chronic degenerative disease. Causes include skull fractures leading to internal injuries, penetrating injuries, concussion, contusion, diffuse axonal injury, anoxic brain injury, hypoxic brain injury, hemorrhage, hematoma, and edema. CT includes surgery followed by physical, recreational, occupational and speech therapy. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, and past treatments, as well as current chemicals and meds being used.

Trigeminal Neuralgia: Condition involving sharp electrical or stabbing pain along one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve, usually in the lower face and jaw. The cause of primary TN is controversial, but most likely related to an artery or vein that wraps around or irritates the tn where it emerges from the pons at the base of the brain. CT includes realigning the cervical vertebrae and relieving tension in the tmj, acupuncture, anticonvulsant drugs, muscle relaxants, controlled destruction of part of the nerve, surgery, some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, past treatments and surgeries, as well as current chemicals and meds being used and level of pain experiencing.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Demyelinating disorder or peripheral nerves. It’s believed that it is caused be a preceding infection that stimulates an immune system attack mistakenly directed against the myelin sheaths of the peripheral nerves. Infections can be caused by food poisoning or various pathogens. Other contributing factors are pregnancy, surgery, and vaccines. CT include blood cleansing, injections of immunoglobulin, using a ventilator, anticoagulants, occupational and physical therapy, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, past treatments and surgeries, as well as current chemicals and meds being used and level of pain experiencing.

Headaches:

Tension Headaches: Headaches triggered by mechanical stresses that initiate the CNS changes in serotonin levels and blood vessel dilation. Triggers are wide and varied, some major ones include muscular, tendinous, or ligamentous injury to the head or neck structure, simple muscle tension in the suboccipital triangle or jaw flexors, subluxation or fixation of cervical vertebrae, structural problems, trigger points, eyestrain, mental and physical stress.

Vascular Headaches: Headaches triggered by food sensitivities, hormonal shifts, alcohol use, stress, and other factors. Pain comes from excessively dilated blood vessels in the meninges. This category of headaches include migraines, cluter, sinus, chemical, and traction-Inflammatory.

CT includes avoiding triggers, medication, nasal spray, oxygen inhalation and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the headaches, what kind of headaches experience, where they are located, any other existing conditions that may be triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used and level of pain experiencing

Menier Disease: An idiopathic condition that affects the inner ear, leading to problems with vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. The exact causes aren’t well understood, but most researchers agree that it has to do with the accumulation of excess fluid in the endolymph inside the membranous labyrinth. CT focuses on symptomatic control including avoiding foods and habits that raise blood pressure and increase fluid retention, adopting a low-salt diet, avoiding msg, limiting caffeine and alcohol, quitting smoking. Other options include medication, surgery, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity, any other existing conditions that may be triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.

Seizure Disorders: Any condition that causes seizures. Often related to some kind of neurological damage in the shape of tumors, head injuries, or infections. When interconnecting neurons in the brain are stimulated in a certain kind of way, a tremendous burst of excess electricity may stimulate the neighboring neurons. What starts the seizure is mostly unknown. Some seizures are linked to underactive inhibitory neurotransmitters, overactive excitatory neurotransmitters, or both. CT includes medication, following a strict high-fat, low-fiber ketogenic diet, surgery, using a vagus nerve stimulator, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history, frequency, and severity of seizures, any other existing conditions that may be triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.

Sleep Disorders: A collection of problems including insomnia, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy, circadian rhythm disruption, and others that make it difficult to get enough sleep or to wake up feeling rested and refreshed. CT includes lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, quitting smoking, adjusting temperature or sound levels in bedroom, etc. Other treatments include meds, surgery, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history, frequency, and severity, as well as what type of sleep disorder, triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.

Vestibular Balance Disorders: A group of problems that can cause the vestibular branch of Cranial Nerve VIII to dysfunction, leading to debilitating vertigo lasting from a few seconds to many hours. These disorders include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, labyrinthitis, acute vestibular neuronitis, Meniere Disease, and head injury. Other causes can be stroke tumors, MS, migraine headaches, allergies, psychological disorders, and medication. CT include head maneuvers, medication, exercise, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history, frequency, and severity of condition, any other existing conditions that may be a cause or trigger, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download