SECTION I GENERAL INFORMATION ... .gov

1986, nonionic lower osmolar RCMs were introduced in the United States (iopamidol, iohexol) 1996, FDA approved iodixanol, a nonionic RCM (iso-osmolar to blood) Over 10 million contrast studies annually in US. Adverse reaction rate 2-3% with low osmolar RCM, up to 12.66% with high osmolar RCM. Most reactions minor. Moderate reactions in 1.0% ................
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