Meeting Infants’ and Toddlers’ Needs: Developmentally ...

Infant and Toddler | Learning Environments | Lesson 4 | Apply

Meeting Infants' and Toddlers' Needs: Developmentally Appropriate Materials

Age Range

What Children Do

What Children Need (Bronson, 1997)

Appropriate Materials (Bronson, 1997)

Young Infant

Roll

Materials that:

Mirrors

Explore people

Provide a range of

Dolls

Listen, explore sounds

interesting things to see,

Stuffed animals

Look, explore color and

hear and touch

Puppets

form

Support infant's developing Mobiles (out of reach)

Touch, explore texture and

self-awareness

Grasping toys

form

Allow infant to produce

Musical instruments (rattles, wrist

Smell

effects

and ankle bells)

Explore water

Are safe

Large-movement materials (balls,

Mouth, ingest

play gyms)

Reach, hold, drop

Kick

Mobile Infant

Sit alone

Materials that:

Crawl, creep

Provide a range of

Crawl over, under, through

interesting things to

Pull up and stand

explore and manipulate

Pincer grasp

Allow infant to produce

Stack objects

interesting effects

Bang, twist, squeeze, drop, Reward early attempts at

shake and drag objects

mastery

Kick and splash Search for hidden object Play peekaboo Babble Open, shut, push, pull

Support development of perceptual, fine-motor and gross-motor skills

Support developing selfawareness, social awareness, and social

responsiveness

Are safe and within a safe

play environment

Mirrors Dolls, stuffed toys Puppets Transportation toys (i.e., one-piece

vehicles that can be pushed) Grasping toys Sand and water play materials Construction materials (lightweight,

stackable, large) Puzzles (simple, two or three pieces,

used as grasping toys) Skill-development materials like

pop-up boxes, texture pads, nesting cups and containers to empty and refill Books Arts and crafts material (large crayons, paper taped to surface) Musical instruments (rattles, shakers, banging materials) Push and pull toys Balls and sports equipment

This document was prepared by The Ohio State University for the Department of Defense's Office of Family Policy/Children and Youth and the US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food & Agriculture. ? 2013 The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Terms of use for this document are located at .

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Infant and Toddler | Learning Environments | Lesson 4 | Apply

Age Range

What Children Do

What Children Need (Bronson, 1997)

Appropriate Materials (Bronson, 1997)

Outdoor and gym equipment (swings, low soft climbing equipment)

Young Toddler Explore with each sense Materials that support:

Watch

Expanding fine- and gross-

Look for

motor capacities

Inspect

Increased interest in active

Go in and out

exploration and mastery

Walk up and down Go over, under, around Climb in, up, over, on top Slide Swing and hang Jump off and tumble

Interest in order and predicting events

Desire for independence Growing awareness and

imitation of others Beginning pretend play

Take apart and put

together

Stack, pile, knock over

Collect, gather

Fill, dump

Sort, match

Carry

Put in, take out

Hide, discover

Imitate adult behavior

Engage in doll play

Mix, separate

Pour, sift

Splash

Paint, smear

Draw

Explore each other

Carry materials from place

to place

Like multiple small objects

Enjoy sand and water

Imitate

Show affection

Point to objects

Mirrors Dolls and accessories like blankets

and bottles Role-play materials (play phone,

housekeeping toys) Puppets Stuffed toys Play scenes (small people, animals,

barns, cars) Transportation toys (simple toy cars,

trains) Grasping toys Sand and water materials (funnels,

colanders, tools) Construction materials (unit blocks,

plastic bricks) Puzzles (three to five pieces) Dressing, lacing, stringing materials Skill-development materials (pop-up

boxes, nesting cups, stacking materials, lock boxes, pegboards) Books Arts and craft materials Musical instruments (cymbals, drums) Audiovisual materials (music to dance to) Push and pull toys (walkers, doll carriages) Balls Ride-on equipment Outdoor and gym equipment (low, soft climbing equipment, tunnels, swings, stairs)

This document was prepared by The Ohio State University for the Department of Defense's Office of Family Policy/Children and Youth and the US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food & Agriculture. ? 2013 The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Terms of use for this document are located at .

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Infant and Toddler | Learning Environments | Lesson 4 | Apply

Age Range

What Children Do

Play simple games like tag

What Children Need (Bronson, 1997)

Appropriate Materials (Bronson, 1997)

This document was prepared by The Ohio State University for the Department of Defense's Office of Family Policy/Children and Youth and the US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food & Agriculture. ? 2013 The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Terms of use for this document are located at .

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Infant and Toddler | Learning Environments | Lesson 4 | Apply

Age Range

What Children Do

What Children Need (Bronson, 1997)

Appropriate Materials (Bronson, 1997)

Older Toddler

Test their limits (jumping, climbing, hanging, rolling, somersaulting)

Throw and retrieve Push themselves on

wheeled objects Play with small objects Play with pattern,

sequence, order and size Fantasy play Take pride in

accomplishments Match objects

Materials that support: Interest in exercising fine-

and gross-motor capacities Continuing interest in active

physical play Growing ability to represent

regularities in the environment Strong preference for independence Increasing interest in pretend and role-play activities Increasing interest in social play with peers Growing interest in artistic expression Increasing interest in problem-solving and mastery activities

Full-length mirror Dolls with clothes and caretaking

accessories Role-play materials for dress up,

child-size kitchen toys, cleaning set Variety of figures to use with blocks Vehicles to use with blocks Vehicles to ride or push Sand and water materials with containers Unit blocks and construction materials Assortment of fit-in puzzles Pegboards with large pegs Large beads for stringing, lacing; materials to practice buttoning, snapping, etc. Matching and sorting materials (shape sorters) Nesting, stacking, and ordering materials Simple lotto games and giant dominoes Sturdy books Art materials (crayons, paints, markers, clay, scissors, chalk, easel) Rhythm instruments Push toys for pretend play Large balls Stable ride-on toys Low climbing structures and slides

This document was prepared by The Ohio State University for the Department of Defense's Office of Family Policy/Children and Youth and the US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food & Agriculture. ? 2013 The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Terms of use for this document are located at .

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