ISSN 1392 – 1207



Proceedings of 24th International Scientific Conference. Transport Means 2020. Italic 12pt

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P. Kilkauskas1, S. Daliulionis2 Bold 12pt

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1Kaunas University of Technology, Donelaičio 17, 44239, Kaunas, Lithuania, E-mail: kilkauskas@ktu.lt 10pt

2Kaunas University of Technology, Vytauto 3, 44354, Kaunas, Lithuania, E-mail: daliulionis@ktu.lt

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Abstract 10pt

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Suspensions of motor vehicle carie a set of functions, which define key ride parameters of the vehicle. Those can be grouped into such major groups as steering and traction functions, machine stability ensuring function under the effect of various external loads, ride comfort ensuring function. 10pt

KEY WORDS: active suspension, damping 10pt

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1. Introduction 10pt

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The article should be prepared using Microsoft Word. The font for English text should be Times New Roman. The text of manuscript must be printed on A4 format page using the following margins: top – 2,0 cm, bottom – 2,0 cm, left – 2,0 cm, right – 2,0 cm, paragraph indent 1,0 cm, a single line spacing.

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Table 1

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|Part of article |Font style |Size, pt |

|Title |Bold |14 |

|Authors |Bold |12 |

|Organization address |Italic |10 |

|Abstract |Regular |10 |

|Key words |Italic |10 |

|Other text |Regular |10 |

|References |Regular |10 |

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1. Passive suspensions that have elements (elastic, damping, rigid) with constant – initially predetermined characteristics, which can be linear or nonlinear [1].

2. Active suspensions that are the systems with a control unit and at least one element with controlled parameters. As an example a shock absorber the damping parameters of which can be changed by control unit according external excitation parameters – the pavement character [2] can be considered [3, 4].

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[pic] [pic]

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The structure of the muscle with no moving parts allows achieving quite short response time – the favorable parameter for the application in active suspension. That is why as an initial stage of the presented research the investigation of the operational parameters of the muscle itself is very important.

2. Fluidic Muscle Parameters Research

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Referring to the research results of the pneumatic muscles presented in [10] the force generated by such type pneumatic actuator is:

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[pic] (1)

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where [pic] – supplied pressure; b – length of the armor fiber per muscle length; n – the number of the thread windings per muscle length; [pic] – the angle between a braided thread and the actuator’s longitudinal axis.

Taking into account [pic] [1] and the values of the actuator-generated force, length at two points on the curve representing force – contraction relationship [3] at the same pressure [pic] ([pic] and [pic]), factors n and b can be expressed as fallows.

The operation of a suspension was simulated using the parameters equivalents to VW Golf car. These equivalent parameters are given in Table 1.

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3. Conclusions

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The received operational characteristics of the artificial muscle show that is the range of suitable for a car suspension amplitude range it can work at the frequency up to 8 Hz.

The parameters obtained from the muscle investigation experiment allow the generate force simulation law as they give information on force, stroke, time relationship.

The obtained results show that the muscle is suitable for the application in a suspension based on the elements of real VW Golf car. The damping effect when the excitation frequency corresponds natural frequency of the vehicle body is obvious.

It was observed, that, due to small air flows and the damping functions of the muscle, when pneumatic muscle is at work, the system do not has a phenomena of auto-vibrations, it allow to investigate other field of fluid muscle utilization, for example in the stability control systems.

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References

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1. Mitsche, M. 1987. Theory of Vehicle. Dynamic of Vehicle. Tom 2 Vibrations. Warsaw: Publishing of communications, 266 p.

2. Reimpell, J. 1997. Podwozia Samochodow: Podstawy Konstrukcji. Warszava: Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Łączności, 411 s. (in Polish).

3. Rutka, A.; Sapragonas J. 2002. Investigation of car suspension model, Mechanika 1(33): 41-48.

4. Swayze, J.L.; Bachrach, B.I.; Shankar, S.R. 1999. Suspension Force Optimization Using Quarter-Car Model with Elastomeric Elements, Proceedings of Noise and Vibration Conference, Michigan 2: 785-795.

5. All about the Toyota Prius [online cit.: 2014-05-22]. Available from:

training/prius02.htmlg

6. Comparison of Otto and Atkinson cycles [online cit.: 2014-05-22].

Available from:

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