Transition Words and Phrases - English with Mrs. Lamp



Writing a Literary Analysis / “Literary-Critical Essay”Brainstorm (Step One) Due: _____When given a list of prompts, you may be drawn to one at first but later realize you cannot come up with anything to say about it. This is why it is best to brainstorm first!Do First: In the space below each prompt, write out a “working thesis.” A thesis should be a clear and concise answer to the prompt. Do Second: After writing a few thesis statements, highlight the prompt you will write on.Which will be easiest for you? Which makes the most sense to you? Which is the most interesting to you? Do you want to take on a challenge?PromptsChoose either public shame or private guilt. According to The Scarlet Letter, is this punishment good for the individual and society, or is it bad?The moral of the story is “be true.” According to The Scarlet Letter, why is it important to tell the truth?Do Third: Now, look at the “working thesis” you wrote. Does this thesis use words from the prompt?Does it clearly answer the prompt? If so, you’re good to go! If not, ask the teacher for help!Brainstorm (Step One) Continued…Do Fourth: After you have chosen a prompt and created a working thesis, you must come up with three claims (points you want to make to prove your thesis is true).How can you prove you are right about what you said in your thesis?What are three main ideas you can discuss?Do Fifth: Write a little about what parts of the story you can use to support your claims. This is just off the top of your head—you can paraphrase rather than quote at this point.What events/characters do you want to talk about in the essay?What should you make sure you cover in order to show real depth of thought and a strong analysis of the story?TOPIC SENTENCESIDEAS FROM THE STORYClaim One:Claim Two:Claim Three:Text Evidence (Step Two) Due: ___Follow these steps as you search for and type up your evidence:Look back at your ideas from the claims/ideas chart in this packet. Use your study guide to find which chapters your evidence will be in.On the next page, type up, WORD-FOR-WORD, the text evidence you find to support each paragraph’s claim. Remember to cite each piece of evidence by typing all direct quotes inside quotation marks; then, make sure you add a parenthetical (in-text) citation.Note: Each paragraph needs 1-2 pieces of evidence from the book!!Your paper must use 3-6 pieces of text evidence, and you must do your best to use MLA 8 citation (including in-text citation, an MLA work cited page, & direct quotes). If you do not do these things, you will earn a ZERO and have to come in for detention until you have written a satisfactory paper.GOOD EVIDENCE…COMES DIRECTLY FROM THE BOOK! Write out word-for-word quotations (evidence) from the narration and/or from what the characters say.MAKES PERFECT SENSE WHEN YOU READ IT!This can only happen if you wisely choose where to start and end a quotation. Be careful not to include lines you do not need, but also avoid cutting off too much! Usually, a full sentence or two is a good size for a quote.OBVIOUSLY HELPS PROVE YOUR CLAIM!If it’s a good quote choice, it will be easy for you to analyze (explain) how it supports your claim.Please do not summarize the text for no reason. If you discuss something that happens in the story or give a fact from the story, you should be doing so in order to help prove the claim of the paragraph you are writing; you should not be adding evidence simply give background or fill space.EvidenceBody OneBody TwoBody ThreeWrite Nicely Flowing Body Paragraphs (Step Three)Do First: OPEN A NEW DOCUMENT.Do Second: Type the body paragraphs. DO NOT start w/ the intro.-A GOOD WAY TO STRUCTURE A BODY PARAGRAPH-Claim > set up > Evidence > Analysis > transition > Evidence > AnalysisKeep in Mind: Don’t forget to transition both between paragraphs and in between new ideas inside of each paragraph.Transition Words and PhrasesAdditionfurthermoremoreoveralsoin additionnextlastfinallybesidesfirstsecondTimeearlierwhile, meanwhileafter, later, soon afterduringnow, until nownext, then,followingoncesimultaneouslyso farthis timesubsequentlyExemplificationto illustrate,to demonstrate,specifically,for instance,for example,Comparisonin the same wayby the same tokensimilarlyin like mannerlikewisein similar fashionContrastyetnonethelessafter allbuthoweverthoughalthoughotherwiseon the contraryin contrastnotwithstandingon the other handSummary/Conclusionto summarizein briefin summaryin conclusionto concludefinallyWrite the Intro and Conclusion (Step Four)IMPORTANT: Write the intro and the conclusion AFTER everything else has been figured out (the thesis, claims, and body paragraphs should be finished first).BEFORE YOU BEGIN THE INTRO/CONCLUSION…Re-read your body paragraphs; check to make sure they clearly help prove the thesis. If they don’t, ask the teacher for help!IntroHook > Introduction of Subject > ThesisNecessities:Suggestions:Hook:Make a link to something outside of the novel. Don’t mention the book yet!Interest your reader. Develop this within two-to-three sentences.Tie the subject you will be discussing to a historical event, current event, novel/movie that relates to it. Discuss the subject and how it is relevant to today’s world or to everyone.Necessities:Suggestions:SubjectIntroduce your subject (what you will be writing about) by linking it to your hook topic.Mention the AUTHOR and TITLE of the novel you’re using.Use transition words to blend from the broad ideas in the hook to the specifics of the book in a smooth manner. Show your reader how they are related. It is okay to do a bit of summary in this section, but it shouldn’t be more than a few sentences.ConclusionRe-cap > Broadening Out LinesDo not make any new claims about the story in the conclusion!Simply restate your thesis and main ideas, and then broaden out! Suggestions for broadening out: You can link back up to your hook, ask a question to leave your reader thinking, &/or make a connection to the real world to show why learning about this subject might be relevant and important to a reader. ................
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