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BtN: Episode 01 Transcript 7/02/17
Hi I'm Nathan Bazley and welcome to another year of BTN! Coming up today.
• We tackle President Trump and find out how he's been able to make so many big decisions so quickly.
• We reveal what's actually written in the terms and conditions we all agree to without actually reading them.
• AND what's it like to go back to school when school is just a few metres from your house but hundreds of kays from anywhere else.
All that coming up soon, but first: The summer holidays were certainly not a quiet time news wise. So here's a quick wrap up of some of the biggest stories you need to know.
This Week in News
The weather had everyone talking over the summer break. South Australia was hit with massive storms. While flash flooding turned Uluru into one big waterfall and Sydney had its hottest January on record!
Things also heated up on Australia Day with some calling to change the date. Some people reckon it isn't right to celebrate the arrival of the First Fleet because of the impact it had on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. But others say it should stay where it is.
In New South Wales, Premier Mike Baird stepped down to spend more time with his family. He's been replaced by Gladys Berejiklian who becomes the Liberal party's first Female Premier in that state.
Meanwhile in the United States, there was another big changeover that you probably heard about. Donald Trump officially became President. There was a big inauguration ceremony followed by some big protests. Since then, Trump's been filling headlines around the world, including one about a tense phone call with our own Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull.
Phew, it sure has been a busy summer!
Executive Orders
Reporter: Matthew Holbrook
INTRO: Now as you heard there, over the holidays Donald Trump was inaugurated as the President of the United States. And in the weeks since, many of his decisions have made headlines around the world. But how has he been able to change so much so quickly? Doesn't he have to get the approval of a parliament like our leader does? Well as it turns out he's got a power that our PM doesn't have. Take a look.
If you're the leader of one of the biggest countries in the world, do you have the power to do whatever you want? Not that kind of stuff, more the power to make decisions without needing anyone else's approval. Well, that's a subject people are talking about right now, because of this guy, Donald Trump.
He's only been in the top job for a little while, but he's already made some big changes that affect not just America, but the rest of the world. One of those is a travel ban that's stopped people from seven different, mostly Muslim countries, entering the United States for 90 days.
Thousands of people travelling into and out of the US, some who had lived there for years, were stopped from boarding flights home or held when they landed. It even affected some Australians like this teenager from Melbourne, Pouya, whose parents are from Iran, and was supposed to go on a school trip to the States but had his visa application denied.
POUYA, STUDENT: Maybe mid-last year we started preparing for this trip, so it's been quite a while and to just over one night have that overturned is quite disappointing.
Pouya found out a week later he'd be allowed to travel after the rules were relaxed but the ban's still upsetting many people.
Here in Australia, the Prime Minister would need the approval of the rest of his party, and then need to win votes in the House of Reps and the Senate to change things up like that. But President Trump was able to make this decision without needing anyone else's approval. He did it using something called an "executive order". Basically, with the stroke of a pen, the President of the United States can tell government agencies, like those in charge of immigration, what he wants them to do, and how they should enforce existing laws. Since becoming President, Trump has already used executive orders to control immigration and refugees, to request a wall be built between Mexico and the US, and to make changes to the healthcare scheme former president Barack Obama brought in.
It might sound like an awful lot of power for one person to hold, but there are rules the President has to follow. One, executive orders can't be used to create new laws or to go against existing ones. And two, they can't go against anything in America's constitution which is a document that spells out exactly how the country should be run. But even with those two limitations, it's still a powerful, well, power.
Lots of Presidents have used them in the past. Obama made 275 of his own during his time in office. But still, many don't agree with executive orders, and how they're sometimes used. For example, the head of the US Department of Justice refused to support the executive order on immigration, saying it's against the constitution. Trump's response to her?
DONALD TRUMP: You're fired.
Yep, she lost her job. But several courts have demanded the ban be put on hold until it can be looked at more closely.
It seems the debate over executive orders, and how much power they hold, won't be going away any time soon.
Ask a Reporter
Have you got a question about Trump's Executive Orders? Ask me live on Friday during Ask a Reporter!
Head to our website for all the details.
Hijab Day
Rookie Reporter: Itrat
INTRO: Now over the holidays the Islamic religion was in the news a lot too. While some of that attention was because of Donald Trump's recent immigration restrictions, in Australia there was also a fair bit of controversy over an Australia Day billboard featuring two young girls in hijabs. Recently it was World Hijab Day so we asked Rookie Reporter, Itrat to tell us what a hijab actually is and why she wears one.
Hi BTN! My name is Itrat! I'm 12 years old and I was born in Pakistan.
I moved to Australia with my parents and my four little brothers as refugees one year ago.
If you hadn't already noticed, I'm wearing something on my head! It's called a hijab. It's a scarf that covers my head and neck. It's worn by lots of Muslim girls and women all around the world. Muslim means we follow the religion of Islam.
A long time ago, we had a prophet; his wife and his daughter, they were wearing scarf and after that every Muslim started to wear scarf.
You've probably seen some other kinds of Muslim head scarves too, like the niqab, which looks like this, or the burka, which looks like this. But the most common one you'll see in Australia is the hijab, like I wear!
I wear my scarf every day, except night when I'm sleeping. My favourite one is this one, guys. You don't even know, it's so pretty! Like when I'm going wedding, I'm just wearing this one.
In some Islamic countries women have to wear a hijab in public, because it's the law. But in most countries, including Australia, it's more of a choice. Not every Muslim girl wears one, but I choose to!
I choose to wear hijab because it's my cultural thing and if I don't wear hijab - the other Muslim girls they wear hijab - and if I don't it looks a little bit weird, and I love my hijab that I'm wearing.
My friend Hadya chooses not to wear one all the time.
ITRAT: Hadya, why do you sometimes not wear a scarf?
HADYA: It’s really hard for me to wear a scarf. My mum giving me two choices, if I want or I don't want. But the weather is so hot, my hair is so long, that's why I can't wear a scarf.
My hijab doesn't stop me from doing anything, like playing sport. I love soccer!
I think it's sad that sometimes people talk about hijabs like they're bad things.
Some peoples they're like mean, or like not understanding us and they'll say why are you wearing scarf and it feels really upset, like they're upsetting our friends or my mum or me.
Sometimes other kids ask us about our hijabs. We don't mind talking about it as long as they're being respectful.
WAJIHA: It's kind of upsetting when they say "Why do you wear a scarf? Is it because you have head-lice or something?" It makes me kind of upset.
ITRAT: If some people say "Why are you wearing scarf?" Say it nice way and be accepting.
Luckily, I feel accepted by everyone in Australia, especially when I'm at school!
I hope you learnt a little more about me and my head scarf today and next time you see someone wearing one, I hope you give them a smile!
Social Media Agreements
Reporter: Carl Smith
INTRO: A new survey has found 53% of kids aged between 8 and 13 use Instagram even though you are not actually allowed to until after you turn 13. That rule is just one of many written in most social media sites' terms and conditions - that huge document that you have to say you've read before you can sign up. But what else is in there? Well, experts say most terms and conditions pages are way too complex for kids to understand, so they're campaigning for a change.
Every day it's estimated around 2 billion photos are uploaded online. If you printed those out and stacked them up, it'd make a column about 200 kilometres high, that's roughly the height of 22 Mt Everests. Every single day!
And Aussie kids are constantly adding to that pile using social media apps like Instagram.
KAYLA: I do use Instagram, a lot, yes.
ALICE: Maybe two times a day, I check it in the morning and the evening.
ALICIA: If I'm doing anything exciting I'll take a picture of that and put it on Instagram.
But with all those pictures of your life and yourself on the net, do you know who's able to look at them? Or who could use them?
ALICE: Umm I haven't really thought about that too much, but that would worry me a bit if people were using my photos.
JORDAN: Yeah, I'm not really quite sure what they can do!
ALICIA: I wouldn't expect people to be able to get onto my Instagram without having to request me first.
KAYLA: Yeah, I honestly don't know!
Well all of those details are written in here. You might know it as that thing you have to click 'agree' to before you can use a new app. It's a Terms of Use. And Instagram's, for example, is actually 5000 words long!
EMMY: It was very confusing, all the words were all jumbled up and they were very big words.
JORDAN: It's just put in a way so that adults can understand it, so that Instagram can't get sued or anything like that, but it's not really for kids to go `I can’t do this, I can’t do that’.
ALICIA: It shouldn't take that long just to read the terms and conditions!
But when you agree to Terms like these you're basically signing a contract and agreeing to everything in it. Even if you don't understand it all!
ALICE: I don't know what I've agreed to! Instagram could hold me to all these things that I don't even know what I'm not supposed to be doing!
That's why a law firm in the UK has come up with this kid-friendly version of Instagram's terms and conditions to help kids understand what they're really signing up to.
KAYLA: I was quite shocked by some of the stuff that was on there, now that I can understand it.
JORDAN: They can watch any of our private messages, and record any of our personal information without us knowing.
ALICIA: It's so bad how they can keep your photos and messages, and how they know so much about you!
ALICIA: It says that they can give it to companies that we haven't given permission for them to have our pictures, and it's very scary actually.
ALICE: It's so much shorter, the fact that they can write it this short makes me wonder why they had to write it so long and difficult to understand.
Some social media companies are already working to make it easier for kids to figure out how to use their apps safely and responsibly.
And Instagram - which is owned by Facebook - says that they:
"spend a lot of time working with our community, including young people, and thinking about how we can create a safe and open environment for everyone"
But some say many of the big social media companies need to do better. And in the meantime, you might want to take a slightly closer look at what you've already agreed to before uploading your next great snap.
Poll
And we'd like to know how you feel about those terms and conditions.
Let us know on our website. Should social media sites be forced to give kids a simple version of their terms and conditions? Yes or no?
Quiz
And sticking with social media,
How many people use Instagram each month?
100 million
600 million
6 billion
The answer - 600 million
BTN Investigates
Have you seen or heard something in the news that you'd like explained? Well now clarity is only a click away with BTN Investigates. It's a new section on our website where you can tell us what topics you want us to cover.
It could be something that's confusing you, worrying you, or just making you really happy. For all the details on how you can submit your BTN Investigates' topic just head to our website.
Sport
It was a massive weekend for Women's AFL with the first ever round of the new National comp kicking off on Friday. Carlton smashed Collingwood in the opening game 46 to 11 and the stadium was packed with 24,500 fans turning out for the match. Way more fans came to see the game than the AFL expected and it meant some were turned away. But the players were stoked with the support.
DARCY VESCIO, PLAYER: I feel so privileged to be part of it and all the girls were just soaking it all in.
The Aussie netball team has defended its Quad Series Title after winning all three of their games against New Zealand, South Africa and England. The last was a nail biter with the Diamonds just edging out England 47 to 46.
And it's the biggest event on the US sporting calendar more than 100 million Americans tuned in to watch the 51st Superbowl.
The New England Patriots faced off against the Atlanta Falcons and by halftime it looked like the Falcons had the whole thing wrapped up.
Lady Gaga impressed the crowd in the break - singing, dancing and flying through the air. But the Patriots bounced back in the second half eventually sending the game to overtime at 28 all. They went on to snatch the win and accomplish the biggest comeback in Superbowl history.
Meanwhile, astronauts on the International Space Station got in on the Superbowl hype in the spaciest way possible. Tim Kopra decided to see how far he could throw a football in zero gravity. While the total distance was only about 73 metres, if you account for the speed the Space Station is moving about 28 thousand kays an hour above the earth, the ball actually travelled something like half a million metres - not a bad effort!
School of the Air
Rookie Reporters: Elke, Riley & Livia
INTRO: Now, for most kids going back to school is an exciting or maybe nervous time. But for the kids in this next story, it's not a big deal they're only going a few metres from home. Here's Elke, Riley and Livia with their report on what it's like going back to School of the Air.
ELKE: This is our home, our school, our business and our community. We live 220 km north west of Longreach in outback Queensland.
RILEY: My morning routine is that we wake up at 6 o'clock, have breakfast, we let out the dogs, we check the horses and our chookies then we go over at 7:30 and start school.
KIDS: Welcome to the Orielton school house.
RILEY: School of the Air is living miles and miles apart from the teachers and the school and corresponding with them on the telephone and computer.
ELKE: At a mainstream school you'd normally change rooms or have a new teacher, no offence mum, but for us we rearrange our desks and change posters sometimes, this year specially we get to paint the walls and have a little bit more fun.
LIVIA: What I like about school is when it’s a sick day I can wear my pyjamas to school.
RILEY: And it only takes 10 seconds to get back to the house.
RILEY: Hello everybody this is my desk and my school equipment. Up here is the school timetable that tells us when our on air lessons are on and what number they are. I have maths from 8:30 - 9:30 I have English from 11 o'clock to 12 o'clock.
RILEY: Thought I might give you a tour of the reading room. over here we have all our books, and games and reading materials. We come here for quiet time, and over here we have materials to make things for science.
LIVIA: Sometimes it's a little difficult to hear what your teacher is saying on air cause they're so far away.
RILEY: What I find difficult about school of the air is that we have internet issues out here so the connection usually drops out. And that can really disrupt your lessons.
RILEY: One thing that people might not know about distant ed is that we never miss a day of school even if we are sick we travel etc. we also make up for it during the weekends and sometimes in the holidays.
RILEY: We also go to swimming carnivals and athletics at Longreach which is 220 km's away from here on a dirt road.
LIVIA: I think it’s better doing school at home because you get to see all your family it would be pretty cool to hop on a bus and wear a uniform.
ELKE: Well this week I'll be packing up and getting ready for a 700 km drive up to Townsville starting boarding school at Townsville Grammar.
ELKE: Done and Dusted, ready for boarding school 2017
ELKE: I'll be getting taught at a mainstream school which will be very exciting and I'll be getting lessons five days a week
ELKE: Also I will be wearing a uniform every day.
ELKE: I think what I will miss most when I move to boarding school is my family, the animals and the thousands of acres we can get lost in.
RILEY: I'm pretty lucky because we do school at home. But I do get pretty distracted out the window - there's loaders, trucks, motorbikes and I really wish I was out there.
ELKE: Farwell from Elke, Livia and Riley and Flat Stanley and from our outback Orioten school.
NATHAN: Thanks guys!
Farm Life
Reporter: Carl Smith
INTRO: Now finally today we're staying in the country to meet the girl trying to show the world what farming life is like through song. Take a look.
AIMEE: Every year the story is the same, we plant the seed into the ground and look into the sky for rain.
Have you ever wondered what living on a farm is really like?
Well that's exactly what Aimee is trying to teach the world through song.
AIMEE: We grew it here 'cause we are farmers and we feed the world.
AIMEE: Hi I'm Aimee. I'm from a small town in South Australia called Alawoona It’s about a 3-hour drive away from Adelaide, which is that way.
AIMEE: Living on a farm can be heaps of fun, but it's not always easy. It can be long, hot, tiring and stressful - especially during harvest time. So my Dad and I decided to brighten things up by making music parody videos!
AIMEE: The Bulla Burra team, are ready to roll.
AIMEE: We also have a theme in each video, like harvest, seeding or feeding the world. And we've even managed to get some of our Bulla Burra team involved. Even when they don't want to!
Farmers singing: It's time for harvest again! It's time for harvest again!
Aimee's videos are getting so popular they're now even getting hits overseas.
AIMEE: We didn't think anyone would take much notice of them. But we've now had hundreds-of-thousands of views online and stacks of followers - it's awesome!
FARMERS: I'm a farmer! I'm a farmer! I'm a farmer! And we all know that farmers feed the world.
AIMEE: To be honest I think our friends and neighbours think we're a bit nuts but every now and again, we do catch them singing "It's time for harvest again!" or one of our other songs, so I think they like it!
AIMEE: I really hope you enjoyed our videos and through them it makes you understand a bit more about where your food comes from and how fun farm life is! Bye!
Closer
And that's it for today!
But there is heaps more stuff for you on our website, including class activities for this ep, and all of the details about how you can have your questions answered with BTN Investigates.
Thanks for joining me, and I'll see you next week for more BTN.
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