CRITICAL THINKING – ETHICS
CRITICAL THINKING – ETHICS
TYPES OF ETHICAL THEORIES
MORAL RELATIVISM
What is right or wrong may differ from individual to individual, group to group, society to society.
(1) ETHICAL SUBJECTIVISM: An ethical subjectivist believes that right and wrong is a matter of personal opinion. Since each person may believe differently from others, there is no one right position on any given issue.
(2) CULTURAL RELATIVISM: A cultural relativist believes that what makes any action right or wrong is the culture. Since there are more than one culture and since cultures differ in their beliefs about what is right and wrong, there is no one right position on any given issue.
UNIVERSALISM
A universalist believes that moral values are discovered, rather than created. They believe that what is right and wrong holds for every person, in every time, regardless of their personal beliefs, culture, or religion.
RELATIVIST VS. UNIVERSALIST THEORIES
ETHICAL SUBJECTIVISM NATURAL LAW
CULTURAL RELATIVISM UTILITARIANISM
(DIVINE COMMAND) VIRTUE ETHICS
KANTIAN ETHICS/DEONTOLOGY
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