RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
1
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
Dr. Prabhat Pandey
Dr. Meenu Mishra Pandey
? Bridge Center, 2015
BRIDGE CENTER
Buzau, Al. Marghiloman 245 bis, 120082
Tel. 0728394546
e-mail: editor@
Romania, European Union
Printed in Romania
First published, 2015
ISBN 978-606-93502-7-0
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2
Dr. Prabhat Pandey
Dr. Meenu Mishra Pandey
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: TOOLS
AND TECHNIQUES
Bridge Center
2015
3
4
CONTENTS
Preface¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.6
Chapter 1 ¨C Research¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.7
Chapter 2 - Research Process¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡13
Chapter 3 - Research Design¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.18
Chapter 4 - Research Problem¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.23
Chapter 5 - Variables and Their Types¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..29
Chapter 6 - Formulation of Hypothesis¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.32
Chapter 7 ¨C Sampling¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.40
Chapter 8 - Tools of Data Collection¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡57
Chapter 9 - Data Analysis¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..70
Chapter 10 - Interpretation of Data¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.75
Chapter 11 - Research Methods¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.78
Chapter 12 - Descriptive or Survey Method¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..84
Chapter 13 - Experimental Method¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.89
Chapter 14 - Research Proposal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..101
Chapter 15 - Research Report¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..¡110
Bibliography¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡.116
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